Immunopathogenesis of chronic viral hepatitides was studied by modern immunological, molecular, genetic methods. We revealed an imbalance in the production of immunoregulatory cytokines by mononuclear leukocytes (primarily of the Th2 type). The risk of progression and chronic course of viral hepatitides in Caucasian population was associated with alleles of promoter regions -330G and -592A in the IL-2 and IL-10 genes, respectively, as well as with the T/T genotype of the polymorphic region C590T in the IL-4 gene. The C/C genotype of the IL-10 gene promoter region C592A was shown to be a factor determining resistance to long-term persistence of hepatitis B and C viruses.
The aim of the study was to ventilation function of lungs and echocardiography activities right and left ventricular, blood flow disorders in pulmonary artery in confront with clinical pictures and activities portal haemodynamics in patients with a liver cirrhosis. Established, that change structural-functional activities right and left parts of heart in a liver cirrhosis depend on to a great extent, to a weight of disease and to be accompanied raorganisation of a central haemodynamics and forming pulmonary arterial hypertension. Pulmonary arterial hypertension in close association with portal circulation of the blood and represented not rare complication of a liver cirrhosis.
We studied disorders in serotonin metabolism in patients with chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver with and without inflammatory process (cytolysis syndrome) and their impact for the formation of depressive disorders. Blood serotonin content decreased in patients with cirrhosis of the liver with pronounced depressive disorders. Serum serotonin level was elevated in all patients with the cytolysis syndrome.
Pharmaceutical companies and regulatory agencies are pursuing biomarkers as a means to increase the productivity of drug development. Quantifying differential levels of proteins from complex biological samples like plasma or cerebrospinal fluid is one specific approach being used to identify markers of drug action, efficacy, toxicity, etc. Academic investigators are also interested in markers that are diagnostic or prognostic of disease states. We report a comprehensive, fully automated, and label-free approach to relative protein quantification including: sample preparation, proteolytic protein digestion, LCMS/MS data acquisition, de-noising, mass and charge state estimation, chromatographic alignment, and peptide quantification via integration of extracted ion chromatograms. Additionally, we describe methods for transformation and normalization of the quantitative peptide levels in multiplexed measurements to improve precision for statistical analysis. Lastly, we outline how the described methods can be used to design and power biomarker discovery studies.
Heparins are negatively charged polydispersed linear polysaccharides which have the ability to bind a wide range of biomolecules including enzymes, serine protease inhibitors, growth factors, extracellular matrix proteins, DNA modification enzymes and hormone receptors. In this chromatography, heparin is not only an affinity ligand but also an ion exchanger with high charge density and distribution. Heparin chromatography is an adsorption chromatography in which biomolecules can be specifically and reversibly adsorbed by heparins immobilized on an insoluble support. An advantage of this chromatography is that heparin-binding proteins can be conveniently enriched using its concentration effect. This is especially important for separating low abundance proteins for the analysis in two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) or other proteomics approaches. Heparin chromatography is a powerful sample-pretreatment technology that has been widely used to fractionate proteins from extracts of prokaryotic organism or eukaryotic cells. As an example, the fractionation of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) from the extract of mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells (MVEC) is now introduced to demonstrate the procedure of heparin chromatography.
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