uCTD and HT and especially their concurrence are commonly a concomitant disease and risk factors for infertility in women due to impaired endometrial receptivity. In uCTD, connective tissue remodeling processes are substantially retarded, which ultimately leads to increased processes of endometrial stromal sclerosis, reduced endometrial receptivity, and infertility. The most pronounced morphological and immunophenotypical changes have been ascertained to develop in the uCTD + NT group. The findings may be used to predict and devise new infertility treatments in patients with uCTD + NT.
The found molecular features are a manifestation of the remodeling of nerve fibers and nerve endings in the foci of EM and PGP9.5, NGF, and NGFRp75 give rise to nerve fiber neoformation and pain syndrome in EM. At the same time, the immunohistochemical phenotype of EM foci does not depend on their site and reflects the presence or absence of pain syndrome.
A comparative immunohistochemical study for the expression of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) was performed in tissues of the eutopic endometrium and ovarian endometriosis. The highest level of MGMT expression in eutopic endometrial tissue was observed in epitheliocyte nuclei during the proliferative phase. In regions of endometriosis the expression of MGMT in epitheliocyte nuclei was shown to increase during stages I and II, but decreased in stages III and IV. The progression of endometriosis was accompanied by a gradual increase of study parameters in the nuclei and cytoplasm of stromal cells. These changes reflect the impairment of DNA reparation, which probably serves as a stage in the development and progression of endometriosis.
SCE was shown to be an independent intraepithelial lesion. The incidence of this abnormality increased with age and significantly differed in the patients with fallopian tubal lesions in extraovarian diseases from that in those with malignant ovarian serous tumors (by 5.3 times), while these groups showed a three-fold difference in SCO. Thus, SCP may serve as a more sensitive marker for the early stages of the pathogenesis of ovarian serous carcinoma. The studied types of SCE demonstrated multiple molecular events (loss of PAX2 expression and increased Bcl-2, beta-catenin, and ALDH1 expressions), some of which underwent considerable changes, by increasing the severity of a pathological process (loss of ALDH1, and beta-catenin, and bcl-2 expressions). Thus, therapeutic exposure in the early stages of pathogenesis may have a few points of application and just several molecules can serve as independent markers for early pathological changes in the fallopian tubal epithelium.
Comparative immunohistochemical analysis of the expression of somatic stem cells marker Musashi-1 in the endometrium was performed during various phases of menstrual cycle and in patients with nodular and diffuse adenomyosis. The expression of Musashi-1 reflecting proliferative potential of epithelial and stromal cells was quantitatively analyzed by the optical density in the nuclei and cytoplasm of epithelial and stromal cells of the eutopic endometrium and adenomyosis foci. In the eutopic endometrium, the immunohistochemical reaction was more intensive during proliferation phase in comparison with secretion phase. Enhanced expression of Musashi-1 was observed in adenomyosis foci in comparison with endometrial cells. The most intensive staining was found in nodular adenomyosis, especially in epithelial cells during the secretion phase. These data attest to the role of somatic stem cells in the development and progression of various forms of adenomyosis.
The pathology of cervical HPV infection is detected by three types of epithelial-mesenchymal spheroidal structures: reparative, neoplastic and cancerous involved in reparation processes and in tumor growth. Cancer spheroids are different from neoplastic not only larger in size but also a tendency to merge, and high expression of p53. Expression of tumor markers p53, p16 and Ki-67 could be used in the early differential diagnosis of precancer and squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix.
Natural tularemia foci in the territory of the Khanty-Mansiisk Autonomous District-Yugra are still active and sustainable ones despite of the extended periods of epidemiological welfare. Agent reservoir is the water vole. However, recently tularemia agent has been detected in the northern red-backed vole and common red-toothed shrew. Khanty-Mansiisk town, Berezovsky, Khanty-Mansiisk, Kondinsky, and Oktyabr'sky Regions are situated in the territory of the most active foci. Serious outbreaks of infection among the population occur with an interval up to 30 years. Their transmissibility preconditions the scale and intensiveness. All cohorts are under the risk of exposure, irrespective of the age and occupation, including the infants. The paper discusses tularemia outbreak impact on the population of Khanty-Mansiisk and the Khanty-Mansiisk Region in July-October, 2013. Casualty toll is 1005 cases. Given is a brief retrospective analysis of epidemiological situation on tularemia since 1930-s up to the onset of the outbreak under investigation. Described is the experience in management of the response activities.
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