The skill in managing the ball is a skill that must be possessed by every football player, but if the player has a low VO 2Max , then the player will not be able to compete at the international level. Therefore, we need a training method to improve VO 2Max soccer players, in order to sustain the skills that they have. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to look at the differences between the two training methods aimed at improving VO 2Max soccer players. This research is a quantitative quasi-experimental research with post-test control group design. With a total of 76 participants, which are divided into two groups, namely the experimental group who are trained using basic techniques of efficient football and the control group using conventional training. All data obtained are searched for mean, min, max, and standard deviation and the difference between the two methods using independent sample t-test. There are differences between the two training methods in improving VO 2Max players. It was found that using effective soccer training methods had a difference of 12,963 to conventional training in improving VO 2Max players.
This study aims i) to determine the effect of Dundubia manifera insect sound on the stomata opening area of corn plant (Zea Mays L.) at frequencies of (in Hz) 3000, 3500, 4000, 4500, and 5000, and ii) to know the peak frequency that can optimize the stomata opening of the corn plant. The insect sound has been manipulated into peak frequencies and validated using Octave 4.2.1 software. The experiment uses one corn-field for the treatment and control plants. Sampling is taken three times, i.e.: 15 minutes before sound exposure, during sound exposure for 30 minutes, and 15 minutes after sound exposure. The stomata opening area is observed using a microscope by observing the output via NIS Elements Viewer program. The length and width of the stomata openings are measured using Image Raster 3.0 and the area of the stomata opening is calculated using the elliptic equation. This study shows that the stomata opening area when given sound exposure is larger than without sound exposure. The largest stomata opening area is obtained at a frequency of 3000 Hz, viz.: 93.7 µm².
The purpose of this study was to produce a product of Learning Passing Learning Model Age 11-12 Years in Elementary School. The learning model is expected to help teachers during the physical education learning process, especially in volleyball. This study uses the ADDIE method. The results of the study resulted in a product in the form of a Passing Learning Model for the Age of 11-12 Years which had been validated and revised by 22 experts. Data were collected through documentation, interviews, and observations. Data analysis was done descriptively. The results of the study were in the form of a Passing Learning Model book for 11-12 Years Old. Based on the results of the study, it was proven that the Passing Learning Model for the Age of 11-12 Years could be developed and applied in volleyball learning in elementary schools. The Passing Learning Model of 11-12 years old can make a positive contribution in supporting the achievement of goals in physical education learning in elementary schools, because besides being able to improve volleyball under-passing skills, students can be motivated to do a variety of learning
The development of scientific publications in the field of traditional game learning models requires more research in order to compete with other fields. The goal of this research is to look at the production of scientific publications based on the traditional game learning model. The Scopus database and various bibliometric indicators such as global publication trends, most active authors, number of citations, and author keywords are used to collect publications. From 1996 to 2022, a total of 473 publications on traditional game learning models are discovered. Data in Comma-separated Values (CSV) and Research Information Systems (RIS) formats are exported to Microsoft Excel, Publish or Perish (PoP), and VOSviewer software for this review. According to the research findings, 2021 has been the year with the most publications, with 139 documents. Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia is listed as the most active affiliate, with up to 80 academic scientific works published. Suherman, A., from Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, is the most active writer, with 13 publications to his credit. With 60 documents, the Journal of Physics Conference Series is the most actively published scientific resource. Some of the research limitations in our paper include the selection of keywords that do not represent the entire search data, data filters, and data providers. It should be noted that a variety of other databases can be used to obtain data. This bibliometric study sheds light on future research directions in the field of traditional game learning models.
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