The aim of this study was to evaluate of genetic diversity of local cattle in Indonesia. We analyzed the polymorphism of mtDNA cytochrome b (cytb) gene using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Seventy-three Indonesian local cattle were used in the study that consisted of Madura cattle from Madura island (n = 15), Madura cattle from Sapudi island (n = 23), Limousin x Madura from Madura island (n = 5), Bali cattle from Kupang (n = 12), Aceh cattle from Aceh (n = 5), Pesisir cattle (n = 4), Bali cattle from West Sumatera (n = 1), and Java cattle from Pacitan (n = 8). The 464-bp fragment of cytochrome b (cyt b) gene was amplified using primers: forward primer of L14735 and reverse primer of H15149. The PCR product was digested using HinfI and TaqI restriction enzyme to identify the polymorphism of mtDNA cytochrome b (cytb) gene. The result showed that there was two haplotypes (A and B). Aceh and Pesisir cattle have 100% haplotype B meanwhile Bali cattle (from Kupang and West Sumatera) and Limura cattle have 100% haplotype A. Whereas, Madura cattle from Madura and Sapudi island and Java cattle have two different haplotypes (A and B). There was mt-DNA cytochrome b polymorphism of local cattle in Indonesia based on PCR-RFLP analysis method. Since the genetic variation in local cattle showed the differences in the specific area, it is necessary to control the cattle populations based on the species.
ABSTRAKKasein adalah protein susu yang terbagi dalam empat grup yaitu αS1, αS2, β-casein dan kappacasein (CSN3). Gen kappa-kasein berpengaruh terhadap pembentukan komponen dalam susu. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi polimorfisme gen kappa-kasein pada sapi perah Friesian Holstein (FH). Sebanyak 59 sampel sapi FH yaitu 32 asal Malang, 10 asal Sukahati Bogor dan 17 asal Pusat Penelitian Bioteknologi-Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI) (ternak koleksi) digunakan dalam penelitian. Sampel DNA diekstraksi dengan metode garam pekat dan dikuantifikasi menggunakan Spektrofotometer. Fragmen DNA spesifik gen kappa-kasein sepanjang 379 pb diamplifikasi menggunakan metode Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) dengan suhu annealing 56 o C dan 30 siklus. Teknik PCR-RFLP dengan enzim restriksi HindIII digunakan untuk analisis genotip. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga varian genotip yaitu AA, AB dan BB pada populasi Malang dan ternak koleksi Puslit Bioteknologi-LIPI sementara dua varian (AA dan BB) ditemukan pada populasi Sukahati. Rata-rata frekuensi genotip AA sebesar 65,28%, AB 31,72% dan BB 3,00% dengan rata-rata frekuensi alel A sebesar 0,81 dan B sebesar 0,19. Populasi sapi FH dalam keseimbangan genetik. Kesimpulan, polimorfisme gen kappa-kasein ditemukan pada ketiga populasi sapi FH dengan frekuensi alel A lebih tinggi dibanding alel B. Alel B diketahui berhubungan dengan produksi susu, komposisi susu dan cheese yield. Peningkatan alel B pada populasi FH berdampak terhadap performans produksi dan komponen susu. Eksplorasi (kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan molekuler) perlu dilakukan untuk aplikasi genetika molekuler pada seleksi sapi perah.Kata Kunci: gen kappa casein, polimorfisme, sapi perah, Friesian Holstein ABSTRACTCaseins are milk protein subdivided into four main groups which are αS1, αS2, β-casein and kappacasein (CSN3). Kappa-casein gene influences the manufacturing of milk properties. The aim of this study was to identify the kappa-casein gene polymorphism in Friesian Holstein (FH) cattle. Fifty nine (59) samples consisted of 32 (Malang), 10 (Sukahati Bogor) and 17 (Research Center for Biotechnology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences's collections) were applied in this study. DNA samples were extracted by high concentrated NaCl and quantified by spectrophotometer. The kappa-casein gene was amplified at 379 bp fragment by PCR method using a pair primer of kappa-casein at 56 o C annealing for 30 cycles. PCR-RFLP technique with HindIII was used for genotyping analysis. The result showed that there were three variants of genotypes (AA, AB and BB) in two populations from Malang and RC for Biotechnology-LIPI's collection while cattle from Sukahati had only AA and AB genotypes. The averages of genotype frequencies were 65.28%; 65.28%; and 3.00% for AA, AB and BB genotypes Polymorphism of Kappa-casein gene in FH cattle (S.D.Volkandari et al.) 213 respectively while frequencies of 0.81 and 0.19 were for A and B alleles, respectively. FH cattle populations were in equilibrium genetics. This finding...
Lakor goat is a domestic animal from Lakor island in South West Maluku Regency. They successfully survive and reproduce with limited water, grass and high temperature. Growth traits is an economic trait which important for breeding strategy (productivity improvement). Pituitary Specific Transcription Factor 1 (POU1F1) is otherwise known as PIT1 gene plays a role of growth and carcass traits. The objective of this study was to identify the POU1F1 gene in Lakor goat from Lakor island in Southwest Maluku Regency. Sixty-three samples of hair tail were collected from three different locations: Ketti Letpey (18), Werwawan Jamluli (26) and Letoda (19). DNA was extracted by DNA isolation kit. POU1FI gene was amplified using PCR technique while genotyping used PCR-RFLP with PstI restriction enzyme. Result showed that only one genotype (TT) was found and monomorphic. It may be caused remote area and limited of ram that indicated inbreeding has occurred. Inbreeding rate or coefficient study and introgression of ram from out of Lakor island by Artificial Insemination (AI) or natural mating is needed.
Background and Aim: Pleomorphic adenoma gene 1 (PLAG1) encodes a multifunctional transcription factor that controls many genes and pathways and is associated with cattle body weight and measurements. This study aimed to evaluate the association between PLAG1 polymorphisms with body weight and measurements in Bali cattle. Materials and Methods: A total of 87 Bali cattle, consisting of 48 bulls and 39 heifers at the Breeding Center for Bali Cattle, were used as the population in this study. Cattle were 2 years old and kept semi-intensively in the pasture. Phenotype data consisting of body weight, withers height, body length, chest girth, waist height, and chest depth were measured. Birth weight data were obtained from birth records, and weight gain, adjusted weaning weight, and yearling weight were calculated using formulas. Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein as much as 5 mL, and genomic DNA was isolated using the salting-out method. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to amplify three target polymorphisms, namely, g.48308 C>T, g.32212 (19 bp indel), and g.45233 T>C. The presence of a 19 bp indel was determined by direct observation of the PCR product on a 2% agarose gel. Two other polymorphisms were detected by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism using the restriction endonuclease enzymes SacII and BclI. PLAG1 genotype and phenotype associations were analyzed using a general linear model. Results: The results showed that two of the target polymorphisms in PLAG1 did not vary. The DD genotype indicated by 123 bp of PCR product was the only genotype identified for g.32212 19 bp indel, and TT genotype was the only genotype found for g.45233 T>C single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). Conversely, g.48308 C>T SNP was found to be polymorphic. In addition, the g.48308 C>T polymorphism of PLAG1 was significantly associated with body length of Bali cattle. Cattle with the CC genotype had a greater body length than the other two genotypes. Conclusion: The g.48308 C>T SNP in PLAG1 was associated with Bali cattle body length characteristics. This finding could be used as a basis for selecting Bali cattle based on body length characteristics.
<p>Bali cattle is one of local beef cattle in Indonesia, up to present its performance indicated an inbreeding occurrence. This study was aimed to analyze the genetic diversity and relationship among Bali cattle from several locations in Indonesia based on ETH10 microsatellite marker. Ninety-four (94) DNA samples (89 Bali cattle; 5 Banteng) were analyzed. The Bali cattle samples were from 6 locations in Indonesia (15 Pulukan; 15 Nusa Penida; 14 Bima West Nusa Tenggara/WNT; 10 Mataram, WNT; 20 Riau; 15 South Borneo). DNA Banteng samples were collected from Prigen Malang of East Java. Microsatellite marker of ETH10 labelled HEX was used for amplification. Alleles were analyzed by using Cervus 3.0.7 and GenAlex 6.5. Result showed that there were five (5) alleles found in ETH10 marker <em>i.e.,</em> 209; 213; 215; 217; and 219 bp. Average of observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosity were 0.46±0.05 and 0.60±0.03, respectively. Five (5) out of 6 locations were in breeding occurrence except Bali cattle from Mataram was not inbreeding. The longest genetic relationship was between Bali cattle from Mataram and Riau whereas the closest distance was Bali cattle from South Borneo with Mataram. Banteng was closest to Bali cattle from Nusa Penida and the longest was to Bali cattle from South Borneo. This finding indicates there is inbreeding in Bali cattle, therefore it needs to be concerned in bull rotation and semen distribution for increasing the Bali cattle performance.</p>
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