The objective of this research was to find the basic data on genetic diversity of mtDNA D-Loop in Aceh cattle and its association with Bhutanese, Chinese, and Indian cattle. There were sixty samples of DNA which had been sequenced; i.e. Banda Aceh (11), Saree (20), and Indrapuri (29). To the best of our knowledge this is the first published data on the complete mitochondrial D-Loop sequence of Aceh cattle. Results show that Aceh cattle have the closest relationship to Bos indicus and have been influenced by Bos taurus. The closest genetic ranges among Aceh cattle, Bhutanese, Chinese, Indian and Zebu were Aceh–Zebu (0.0138), Aceh–Bhutanese (0.0156), Aceh–Chinese (0.0190) and Aceh–Indian (0.0193). D-Loop mtDNA analyses showed that there were 27 haplotypes in which twenty-one samples spread in haplotype 1, two samples were in haplotype 2, and the other four haplotypes had various samples in the range of three to seventeen samples. One sample of Aceh cattle from Saree has a closest maternal genetic with B. taurus. One of the four mutations among the star-shaped clusters on median joining network was a new specific haploid-group in Aceh cattle. From this finding it could be assumed that Aceh cattle form a specific haplotype and it can be conclude that Aceh cattle are animal genetic resources from Aceh in Sumatera Island that have to be preserved.
ABSTRAKKasein adalah protein susu yang terbagi dalam empat grup yaitu αS1, αS2, β-casein dan kappacasein (CSN3). Gen kappa-kasein berpengaruh terhadap pembentukan komponen dalam susu. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi polimorfisme gen kappa-kasein pada sapi perah Friesian Holstein (FH). Sebanyak 59 sampel sapi FH yaitu 32 asal Malang, 10 asal Sukahati Bogor dan 17 asal Pusat Penelitian Bioteknologi-Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI) (ternak koleksi) digunakan dalam penelitian. Sampel DNA diekstraksi dengan metode garam pekat dan dikuantifikasi menggunakan Spektrofotometer. Fragmen DNA spesifik gen kappa-kasein sepanjang 379 pb diamplifikasi menggunakan metode Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) dengan suhu annealing 56 o C dan 30 siklus. Teknik PCR-RFLP dengan enzim restriksi HindIII digunakan untuk analisis genotip. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga varian genotip yaitu AA, AB dan BB pada populasi Malang dan ternak koleksi Puslit Bioteknologi-LIPI sementara dua varian (AA dan BB) ditemukan pada populasi Sukahati. Rata-rata frekuensi genotip AA sebesar 65,28%, AB 31,72% dan BB 3,00% dengan rata-rata frekuensi alel A sebesar 0,81 dan B sebesar 0,19. Populasi sapi FH dalam keseimbangan genetik. Kesimpulan, polimorfisme gen kappa-kasein ditemukan pada ketiga populasi sapi FH dengan frekuensi alel A lebih tinggi dibanding alel B. Alel B diketahui berhubungan dengan produksi susu, komposisi susu dan cheese yield. Peningkatan alel B pada populasi FH berdampak terhadap performans produksi dan komponen susu. Eksplorasi (kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan molekuler) perlu dilakukan untuk aplikasi genetika molekuler pada seleksi sapi perah.Kata Kunci: gen kappa casein, polimorfisme, sapi perah, Friesian Holstein ABSTRACTCaseins are milk protein subdivided into four main groups which are αS1, αS2, β-casein and kappacasein (CSN3). Kappa-casein gene influences the manufacturing of milk properties. The aim of this study was to identify the kappa-casein gene polymorphism in Friesian Holstein (FH) cattle. Fifty nine (59) samples consisted of 32 (Malang), 10 (Sukahati Bogor) and 17 (Research Center for Biotechnology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences's collections) were applied in this study. DNA samples were extracted by high concentrated NaCl and quantified by spectrophotometer. The kappa-casein gene was amplified at 379 bp fragment by PCR method using a pair primer of kappa-casein at 56 o C annealing for 30 cycles. PCR-RFLP technique with HindIII was used for genotyping analysis. The result showed that there were three variants of genotypes (AA, AB and BB) in two populations from Malang and RC for Biotechnology-LIPI's collection while cattle from Sukahati had only AA and AB genotypes. The averages of genotype frequencies were 65.28%; 65.28%; and 3.00% for AA, AB and BB genotypes Polymorphism of Kappa-casein gene in FH cattle (S.D.Volkandari et al.) 213 respectively while frequencies of 0.81 and 0.19 were for A and B alleles, respectively. FH cattle populations were in equilibrium genetics. This finding...
Background: Batur and Wonosobo sheep are two Indonesian indigenous sheep breeds from Central Java Province, Indonesia. This study aimed to describe and discriminate the morphostructure of Batur sheep and Wonosobo sheep with body measurements and body indices. Methods: Fourteen body measurements and nine body indices were measured from 37 Batur and 83 Wonosobo sheep. Two statistical methods of factor and discriminant analyses were computed with SPSS 25.0 program to describe the sheep’s morphostructure and characterization. Result: The factor analysis in body measurements was obtained three principal components (PCs) that explain about 76.58% (Wonosobo sheep) and 73.51% (Batur sheep) of the total variance in animals’ morphostructure. Meanwhile, the factor analysis in body indices was obtained on three PCs that explain about 79.16% (Batur sheep) and 95.57% (Wonosobo sheep) of the total variance in animals’ morphostructure. About 95.2% of Wonosobo sheep and 92.7% of Batur sheep can be classified with body measurements (RW, SW, EL, EW, RH and TL). Meanwhile, about 75.7% of Batur sheep and 80.7% of Wonosobo sheep can be classified with body indices (TI and CI). In conclusion, Batur and Wonosobo sheep can be accurately characterized by their body measurements.
<p>Bali cattle is one of local beef cattle in Indonesia, up to present its performance indicated an inbreeding occurrence. This study was aimed to analyze the genetic diversity and relationship among Bali cattle from several locations in Indonesia based on ETH10 microsatellite marker. Ninety-four (94) DNA samples (89 Bali cattle; 5 Banteng) were analyzed. The Bali cattle samples were from 6 locations in Indonesia (15 Pulukan; 15 Nusa Penida; 14 Bima West Nusa Tenggara/WNT; 10 Mataram, WNT; 20 Riau; 15 South Borneo). DNA Banteng samples were collected from Prigen Malang of East Java. Microsatellite marker of ETH10 labelled HEX was used for amplification. Alleles were analyzed by using Cervus 3.0.7 and GenAlex 6.5. Result showed that there were five (5) alleles found in ETH10 marker <em>i.e.,</em> 209; 213; 215; 217; and 219 bp. Average of observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosity were 0.46±0.05 and 0.60±0.03, respectively. Five (5) out of 6 locations were in breeding occurrence except Bali cattle from Mataram was not inbreeding. The longest genetic relationship was between Bali cattle from Mataram and Riau whereas the closest distance was Bali cattle from South Borneo with Mataram. Banteng was closest to Bali cattle from Nusa Penida and the longest was to Bali cattle from South Borneo. This finding indicates there is inbreeding in Bali cattle, therefore it needs to be concerned in bull rotation and semen distribution for increasing the Bali cattle performance.</p>
Casein (KCN) is a milk protein with four variants of alpha S1, alpha S2, beta and kappa which has different allel of each. Kappa Casein (CSN3) gene lies at exon 4 associating with fat and protein milk contens. Genetic variation of CSN3 gene influences quality and composition of milk. The aim of this research was to genotype the CSN3 gene of Bufalos from several places in Indonesia. Amount of 29 buffalo samples was used in this research, those consisted of 15 collected from Medan, 3 samples of Banyuwangi, 10 samples of Baluran and one sample of South-East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). A Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restiction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was used for CSN3 gene analysis. The CSN3 gene was amplified at 56°C of annealing with 30 cycles and resulted a right fragment of 379 bp. The fragments were digested with HindIII at 37°C during for four hours for genotyping analysis. The result showed that BB genotypes were found at the locus of CSN3 gene in all samples. Those BB genotypes merged the pattern of digested fragments with sizes of 255 and 154 bp. This finding suggests that genotyping using HindIII reveals monomorphics of BB types accociated with milk content of casein.
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