The population of the planet is constantly growing, people are moving to the cities. Recently, more and more interest is being given to smart cities as a guarantee of at least comfortable living of citizens, as a maximum – an ultramodern autonomous city with artificial intellect, anticipating the needs of residents, capable of functioning autonomously for a long time. The purpose of the article is to analyze the experience of smart cities, highlight the distinctive and common features and outline the initial stages of the route map for the development of a specific city into a smart city. After the study, it became clear that the concept of “smart city” is very broad, scientists are investing a huge number of parameters that characterize a smart city, but it was possible to identify common characteristics. Also, the hypothesis was tested that the city’s urbanization should be oriented towards the inhabitants of this city, i.е. implemented not by a single algorithm, but by an algorithm that is adapted to the needs of a particular city. We proposed a methodology for the preparatory stage of the city’s self-mastering, which is based on expert assessments by a prior ranking, includes 2 stages and which was tested on the example of Odessa (Ukraine). At the first stage, the questionnaire contained questions about the six main characteristics of a smart city. At this stage three characteristics were singled out, which are of particular concern to Odessa citizens and the second survey contained 36 clarifying questions only for these three characteristics. The results allowed to distinguish 6 characteristics from which it is necessary to start Odessa’s growth as a smart city.

Risks always accompany any possible type of activity, it is a complex economic concept, without an effective management system which it is impossible to imagine the functioning of a modern enterprise. Close attention has always been paid to the creation and improvement of the risk management system, while the very nature of this economic category predetermines multiple and diverse approaches, both to the assessment methodology and to the management methodology. Systematization of numerous and diverse risks is the basis for creating an effective system for their further identification, analysis and description, in order to increase the effectiveness of risk management. The issues addressed in this article allow you to take a fresh look at the construction and use of the risk management system

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Digital marketing has changed a lot over the past 10 years. Traffic and leads have risen in price. The business has focused on inbound marketing. It was necessary to learn how to work on retention, and not on attracting new customers. In this regard, a whole direction of marketing automation (marketing automation) has appeared. Special sales tunnels or the so-called auto-funnels are created along which the customer is led. Thus, the logical chain of content consumption is built. The market for travel services was no exception. Many travel industry companies use algorithms in messengers and email marketing, which lead potential leads, leading them to the first and repeated purchases. In the article, the authors developed the stages of the architecture of the automatic sales tunnel. All stages are described in detail and examples are given for the tourism and hospitality.

On January 22, 2020, in Davos, the World Economic Forum launched Reskilling Revolution, a multistakeholder initiative aimed at providing better education, new skills, and better jobs for a billion people worldwide by 2030, so questions about improving the quality of education by introducing dual distance education and retraining of personnel at enterprises are becoming more and more relevant. In the course of the study, the authors analyzed the current problems of universities and enterprises, which allowed them to propose the creation of a smart cluster. The authors demonstrated the interaction of cluster participants using the example of education. The study showed that it is with such a tool that it is possible to solve the current problems of the participants, and in general, to improve the quality of education, the well-being of the region and, as a result, when scaling up, the well-being of the country and its image and culture on the world stage. The study showed that only through joint efforts and cooperation between universities, employers, research institutes and the state, it is possible not only to improve the quality of education but also to provide enterprises with a qualified workforce on a permanent rotation basis than to increase the competitiveness of business. This will allow research institutes and universities to raise funding, which can be directed not only to maintaining the current state but also to the development and introduction of resource-saving technologies, which we see as further research methods.

The world is on the verge of technological revolution, which will fundamentally change the way of life, work and attitude towards each other [1]. We live in the era of the Third Industrial (or Digital) Revolution, but modern world leaders are already actively preparing for a new period - the Fourth Industrial Revolution or Industry 4.0. New forms of interaction open up opportunities in the organization of work and change requirements for employees. Business becomes digital, but the person stays. Employees will continue to remain crucial factors in innovation, continually developing products and services. The lack of talented and skilled personnel will be the main problem of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Flexible production through FIR will require much more skills in all workflows for all employees. Skilled workers will be more in demand in the future for making decisions that can not be replaced by any algorithm. At the same time, employees must be trained and qualified for new jobs, so it is essential to review standards, for example, in education and training, and adapt them to new requirements. The implementation of interactive technologies in learning has become a necessity. One of the effective methods is business games: both independently and in combination with theoretical training. Precisely this combination (practice) is optimal for students to learn lecture material and acquire competencies. The article is devoted to the description of the technique of conducting risk management training. We described the technology of the training, dividing it into two parts. In the first part, the students are reminded of the risk management theory; in the second part, a business game is held - "Investment portfolio". In the article, we showed how it could be carried out with and without the use of gadgets/computers. As an example, we considered the most frequent mistake when conducting this game and gave a correct model. Besides, in the article, we gave formulas for automating the game of Excel

Currently, companies in the energy sector are focus on sustainable growth, although they face many challenges, including the peculiarities of their operations. One of the features of companies in the energy sector is the need for effective communication with the media and the public. This is of paramount importance due to the current trends and challenges in the energy sector, the market requirements and the low level of development in such companies. The object of this study invovles the employees of the communication departments of energy sector companies, while the subject is the intensification of their activities based on the use of motivational tools. The authors chose the tools of the game theory, which is a game that the company and employees of the project team engage in when implementing information and communication projects. The study developed a method for motivating the employees of communication departments, which based on the game theory, allows the formation of many possible parameters of the optimal structure of fixed and commission remuneration payments for the employees to maximize their utility, depending on the propensity or unwillingness of these employees to take risks, which contributes to the development of staff motivation tools. This method was applied to the activities of several Ukrainian energy companies. The proposed approach differs from the existing ones based on the opportunity to intensify the activity of the employees of the communication departments, taking into account their willingness to take risks in each case, and will increase the interest of such personnel in the effective implementation of each stage of the information and communication project, better meet the needs of the end-users and ultimately affect the sustainable growth of energy companies.

Current globalization trends in the global economy and trade, as well as integration processes, have significantly aggravated competition and complicated the nature of the foreign economic interaction of companies from different countries. At the same time, the ambiguity in the development of these processes is expressed by the increased degree of probability of the influence of numerous uncertainty factors in international markets, generating a set of specific foreign trade risks and financial losses; which are exposed to most foreign and domestic companies engaged in foreign economic activity. The contract risk management methodology proposed in the article will allow the decision-maker: to avoid opportunity costs and direct costs, as well as take preventive measures commensurate with the risks. A company may consider several alternative strategies: attract a contractor (accept risk); attract a contractor while maintaining control over business processes (mitigate the risk) and provide the service yourself (avoid the risk associated with attracting contractors).