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AbstrakPemanfaatan tumbuhan lokal sebagai sumber obat-obatan merupakan alternatif yang dapat dikembangkan, tumbuhan obat dapat menjadi alternatif pilihan untuk mengobati berbagai jenis penyakit. Hal ini dikarenakan efek yang ditimbulkan dari penggunaan obat tradisional (jamu atau herbal), lebih kecil dibandingkan penggunaan obat kimia buatan (modern). Pengetahuan tradisional ini merupakan unsur budaya yang muncul dari pengalaman individu yang disebabkan adanya interaksi dengan lingkungannya dan diwariskan secara turun temurun. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui seberapa besar pengetahuan masyarakat tentang jenis tumbuhan obat di Kawasan TWA Madapangga. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif ekploratif, yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli-Agustus 2017. Lokasi penelitian yaitu di Desa Ndano dan TWA Madapangga. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan metode Purposive Sampling dan Snowball Sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan penyajian data dengan diagram batang dan teks yang bersifat naratif. Diperoleh sebanyak 10 responden yang memiliki tingkat pengetahuan lebih dari 90%, 14 responden yang memiliki tingkat pengetahuan antara 70%-90%, serta 4 responden yang memiliki tingkat pengetahuan kurang dari 70%. Hasil wawancara dan identifikasi tumbuhan, terdapat 45 spesies tumbuhan dari 27 Famili yang digunakan masyarakat di Sekitar TWA Madapangga untuk bahan pengobatan berbagai penyakit.Kata Kunci : Tumbuhan obat, pengetahuan masyarakat, TWA Madapangga.

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Abstract. The Government of the Republic of Indonesia establishes the competence of college graduates to master the science field and being able to apply it in daily life, one of them is to connect the learning materials with the environment and cultural surroundings through Ethnoecology. The disclosure of ideas by local communities through ethnoecological learning can strengthen the nature of meaningful learning and encourage the students' positive attitude to solve the problems wisdom. The Ethnoecology form of the Sasak Tribe in Mount Rinjani National Park Area is integrated into learning in the form of local knowledge, local intelligence, and local policies. The Ethnoecology Learning development method consisting of RPS, SAP, MFIS, and assessment instruments refer to the ADDIE development model. The Ethnoecology learning developed in this study needs to be validated by practitioners and experts. Based on the feasibility validation result of the ethnoecology learning tool belongs to the category of logical and religious validity, so that it can be used as a support in the implementation of ethnoecology learning. A good learning tool will create a quality learning process. Keywords: Validity; Learning tools; Ethnoecology

Abstrak: Keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan di Indonesia pada dasarnya juga diikuti dengan beragamnya potensi pemanfaatan jenis-jenis tumbuhan, termasuk di antaranya tanaman pangan dan obat-obatan. Penggunaan obat tradisional oleh masyarakat adakalanya masih menjadi prioritas utama dalam mengobati beberapa jenis penyakit. Selain berkhasiat, obat-obatan berbahan alam tidak memiliki efek samping sebesar obat-obatan medis, asalkan digunakan sesuai dosis yang dianjurkan. Selain itu juga relatif lebih ekonomis dan beberapa jenis di antaranya mudah dijumpai di lingkungan sekitar tempat tinggal. Lahan pekarangan masyarakat merupakan lokasi yang potensial untuk membudidayakan tanaman pangan dan obat-obatan, setidaknya untuk keperluan dalam skala rumah tangga. Namun kendala yang sering dihadapi adalah terbatasnya lahan pekarangan karena telah digunakan untuk keperluan lainnya, selain juga adanya kendala lain yang menyebabkan masyarakat belum giat melakukan penanman di sekitar lahan pekarangan. Oleh karena itu diperlukan teknik bertanam yang tidak banyak memakan tempat, yang bahkan bisa juga diterapkan pada jenis tanaman lain misalnya tanaman sayur-sayuran untuk keperluan rumah tangga. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk memberikan sosialisasi dan pelatihan pada warga masyarakat agar memiliki pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam melakukan optimalisasi lahan pekarangan, dengan penanaman tanaman sayur dan tanaman obat menggunakan teknik vertikultur. Diharapkan hal ini dapat membantu upaya pemeliharaan kesehatan dan ketersediaan pangan untuk skala rumah tangga. Kata kunci: Pekarangan; Tanaman Sayur; Tanaman Ibat; Vertikuktur

One of the cultural characteristics of people in developing countries is that traditional elements are still dominant in everyday life. These activities include the use of plants as medicinal ingredients by various ethnic groups or groups of people living in rural areas, one of which is the Mbojo Tribe, Ndano Village in Madapangga, Bima Regency, NTB. This study aims to identify the types of medicinal plants and to describe the local wisdom of the Mbojo Tribe in Ndano Village regarding the use of medicinal plants around the Madapangga Nature Tourism Park (TWA). The results of this study are expected to contribute to the development of medicinal plant research based on local wisdom for the sustainable management of TWA Madapangga. This research is descriptive exploratory. Data collection techniques in the field by means of observation, interviews and documentation. Selection of informants for interviews using purposive sampling and snowball sampling methods. Qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed descriptively related to the aspects that have been determined. The results obtained 26 species of medicinal plants that are best known and often used by the Mbojo Tribe, Ndano Village. Utilization of this medicinal plant is used to cure diseases which amount to 31 types of diseases. Based on the habitus group, the tree level is the most widely used as medicine. Meanwhile, the part (organ) of the plant that is most widely used is the leaf. The people of Ndano Village still use a simple way of concocting medicinal plants, namely by mashing (mashed, grated, kneaded) and boiled. The use of drugs, generally done by drinking, smeared and dripped. The results of this study are very useful for the development of medicinal plant research based on local wisdom for the sustainable management of TWA Madapangga.

Abstract. Rohyani IS. 2020. Community structure analysis of soil insects and their potential role as bioindicators in various ecosystem types in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4221-4227. Various types of ecosystems can be found in Lombok, with the dominant ecosystems are natural forest, mangrove, mixed garden, rice field, and mining. These ecosystems have a high level of biodiversity and unique flora and fauna communities, including soil insects that partake in the process of ecosystem energy flow. This study aimed to analyze the community structure of soil insects and their potential role as bioindicators in five types of dominant and unique ecosystems in Lombok island. The data collection was done using pitfall traps, yellow pan traps, baited pitfall traps, soil sampling, and litter collection. The findings revealed that there are 60,439 individuals, 79 families, and 16 orders of insects in various types of ecosystems. Diversity ​​(H') and evenness (E) index values ​​for family level in all ecosystem types are low on average (H'=0.76 and E=0.10). Cerambycidae (Coleoptera), Trichogrammatidae (Hymenoptera), and Cicindelidae (Coleoptera) are a potential bioindicator in the forest, in the mangrove, and in the rice field ecosystems, respectively. However, the potential bioindicator could not be found since the distribution of the family is almost even in the garden ecosystem. The Tenebrionidae (Coleoptera) and the Acroceridae (Diptera) are soil insects with relatively high abundance and are found only in the mining ecosystems.

Litterfall production of mangrove forest study was carried out in the beach water of Sepi Bay, West Lombok, from July to October 2007. The collection of litter was done every 10 days, and then the litter was dried at 75 o C to constant weight and separated into leaves, reproduction organs, and wood part components. The total mangrove litter fall average was 2.71 g/m 2 /day or 9.9 ton/ha/year, with the leaf, reproduction organs, and branch components being 87.56%, 11.33% and 1.54%. Contribution of Rhizophora mucronata litter fall was 1.48 g/m 2 /day, R. apiculata 0.49 g/m 2 /day, Sonneratia alba 0.48 g/m 2 /day, R. stylosa 0.25 g/m 2 /day, and Aegiceras corniculatum 0.01 g/m 2 /day.