AbstrakTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh karakteristik anak, karakteristik keluarga, dan kesejahteraan keluarga terhadap kualitas lingkungan pengasuhan pada anak usia prasekolah. Contoh terdiri atas 120 anak pendidikan prasekolah di Kota Sungai Penuh, Provinsi Jambi yang dipilih dengan cara acak. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan pengamatan, serta dianalisis dengan analisis deskriptif, uji korelasi, dan uji regresi linear berganda. Berdasarkan indikator garis kemiskinan, keluarga dikelompokkan menjadi keluarga sejahtera dan keluarga tidak sejahtera. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 45,8% keluarga termasuk dalam sejahtera dan 54,2% keluarga termasuk tidak sejahtera. Kualitas lingkungan pengasuhan diukur menggunakan skala Home Ob servation for Measurement of the Environment dan dikategorikan menjadi baik dan kurang baik. Orang tua memberikan stimulasi bahasa, sikap tanggap, dan modeling dalam kualitas baik, sedangkan stimulasi belajar, lingkungan fisik, stimulasi akademik, variasi stimulasi, dan penerimaan dengan kualitas yang kurang baik. Kualitas lingkungan pengasuhan dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh usia anak, besar keluarga, pendidikan ibu, jenis kelamin anak, dan kesejahteraan keluarga.Kata kunci: anak usia prasekolah, HOME, kemiskinan, pendidikan prasekolah, pengasuhan Family Welfare and Home Environment Quality on Preschool Aged Children AbstractThe aim of the research was to analyze the influence of child characteristics, family characteristics, and family welfare on quality of home environment on preschool aged children . The samples involved 120 formal and nonformal preschool age children in Sungai Penuh District, Jambi Province that were chosen by stratified random sampling. Data was collected by interview and observation, and also was analyzed by descriptive analysis, correlation test, and multiple linear regression test. Based on poverty line indicator, families were divided into welfare families and nonwelfare families. The results showed that 45,8% families was welfare and 54,2% families was nonwelfare. The quality of home environment was measured by scale of Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) and was divided into good and less. Parent provided language stimulation, responsivisity, and modeling into good quality, while the availability of learning material s, physical environment; academic stimulation, variety of stimulation, and acceptance into less quality. The quality of home environment was influenced by child's age and sex, family size, maternal education, and family welfare.

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The government plans to implement the Independent Learning-Independent Campus (IL-IC) program in universities. This program focuses on outcome-based education. Learning outcomes for students adjust to the needs of the business and industrial world. Thus, students' learning in obtaining knowledge and experience becomes crucial. This study aims to analyze students' self-directed learning (SDL). This study involved 245 students in the Department of Family Welfare Science, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Jakarta. The data collected through the Self-Rating Scale of Self-Directed Learning (SRSSDL) instrument consists of 40 statements. The SRSSDL consists of eight factors: awareness, attitudes, motivation, learning strategies, learning methods, learning activities, interpersonal skills, and constructing knowledge. The data analyzed descriptively. The results of the research show that the students' SDL is in the medium category. The results of the per-dimensional analysis concluded that the interpersonal skills dimension had the highest average (86.38), while the learning methods dimension had the lowest average (67.65). This conclusion indicates that the learning methods used by lecturers can affect students' SDL. Thus, lecturers need to choose student-centered learning methods and encourage students to explore their knowledge. So, it can increase students' SDL. This increase can support the smooth participation of students in the IL-IC program.

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Families have obligations to protect and care for their children. The general objective of this study was to analyze the gender of the investment and the quality of the children in highland farmers. The study was conducted at highland areas at Cianjur Regency (Sindangjaya Village, Cipanas Sub-district) and Bogor Regency (Petir Village, Dramaga Sub-district). The findings showed that they were 4 (four) indicators of child investment latent variable such as the allocation of time togetherness between parents and children, investment in education and health, material allocations, and protection of children. Moreover, there were 5 (five) indicators of child quality latent variable such as the physical quality, learning achievement, child's behavior, psycho-social-spiritual, and the quality of life. The first result showed that there was no difference between boys and girls in total of child investment, but there was significantly difference between boys and girls in total of child quality. The second result proved that the latent variable of child investment has significantly positive effect on latent variable of child quality. As recommendation, the study need to be continued with various family characteristics and broadening analysis such as the effect of child investment and child quality to the child happiness.