OBJECTIVE:To analyze the results from the "WHO Multi-country Study on Women's Health and Domestic Violence", on the prevalence of intimate partner violence against women found in Brazil. METHODS:This cross-sectional study was part of the "WHO Multi-country Study on Women's Health and Domestic Violence against women", which was carried out in ten countries between 2000 and 2003. All the countries used a standardized structured questionnaire, devised for this study. In order to obtain data from contrasting settings within each country, the biggest city and a rural region were investigated whenever feasible. A representative sample of women aged 15 to 49 years was selected from the city of São Paulo and 15 municipalities in a rural region of the northeast, the Zona da Mata de Pernambuco. The study included 940 women from São Paulo and 1,188 from Zona da Mata de Pernambuco who had had an intimate partner at some time in their lives. Violence was classifi ed as psychological, physical and sexual types, and was analyzed in relation to overlapping, recurrence of episodes, severity and when it occurred. RESULTS:The women in São Paulo and Pernambuco respectively reported the following at least once in their lifetimes: psychological (N=383; 41.8% and N=580; 48.9%); physical (N=266; 27.2% and N=401; 33.7%); sexual (N=95; 10.1% and N=170; 14.3%) violence. There was signifi cant overlapping among the types of violence, which seemed to be associated with the most severe types of violence. The greatest single type was psychological violence, in São Paulo and Pernambuco (N=164; 17.5% and N=206; 17.3%), and the smallest was sexual violence (N=2; 0.2% and N=12; 1.0%). CONCLUSIONS:The results show that violence is a very common phenomenon. The fi ndings reiterate previous international studies results with regard to high magnitude and overlapping of types of intimate partner violence.KEY WORDS: Battered women. Violence against women. Spouse abuse. Domestic violence. Cross-sectional studies.

OBJECTIVE:To estimate the prevalence of physical and/or sexual violence by intimate partners and factors associated with this, in different sociocultural contexts. METHODS:This cross-sectional study was part of the "WHO Multi-country Study on Women's Health and Domestic Violence against Women". It consisted of representative samples of women from the municipality of São Paulo (Southeastern Brazil) and from the Zona da Mata of Pernambuco (Northeastern Brazil), this latter is a region with more traditional gender norms. Interviews were conducted in the homes of 940 women in São Paulo and 1,188 in the Zona da Mata, in the years 2000-1. The women were aged 15 to 49 years and had all had at least one intimate partnership with a man during their lifetimes. Three sets of factors were constructed, corresponding to hierarchically organized categories: sociodemographic, family and female autonomy/submission characteristics. Hierarchical logistic regression was used to analyze factors associated with intimate partner violence at each location. RESULTS:A prevalence of 28.9% was found in Sao Paulo (95% CI 26.0;31.8) and 36.9% (95% CI 34.1;39.6) in Zona da Mata. Up to eight years of schooling, conjugal physical violence between the women's parents, sexual abuse during childhood, fi ve or more pregnancies and drinking problems were associated with intimate partner violence at both locations. Financial autonomy for the woman, informal partnership, age and consent to the fi rst sexual intercourse were associated with higher rates only in Zona da Mata. The socioeconomic characteristics that presented associations in the fi rst category were mediated by other factors in the fi nal model. CONCLUSIONS:The fi ndings show the relativization of socioeconomic factors in relation to other factors, particularly those representing gender attributes. Sociocultural differences were found between the two locations, and these were refl ected in the associated factors.

Este artigo apresenta dados parciais de ampla pesquisa qualitativa, sócio-antropológica, realizada em cinco estados do Brasil, para captar a perspectiva de usuárias de áreas urbanas e rurais sobre suas experiências contraceptivas e reprodutivas, bem como sobre o atendimento em contracepção e planejamento reprodutivo no Sistema Único de Saúde. Enfocam-se resultados do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, mediante sessenta entrevistas individuais semi-estruturadas, com usuárias entre 18 e 49 anos, de duas unidades básicas de saúde da capital e de uma unidade do Programa Saúde da Família (PSF), no interior, em área rural. Constatou-se maior diversidade no uso de métodos na capital, em contraste com o interior, onde apenas a laqueadura se apresenta como alternativa à pílula. O trabalho educativo em grupo na capital amplia as possibilidades de escolha de métodos e aprendizado coletivo, embora o acesso ao DIU e à ligadura ainda seja considerado problemático, devido às dificuldades no atendimento. Os serviços de saúde privilegiam assistência às mulheres em trajetória reprodutiva; há necessidade de atenção às mulheres adultas não grávidas e adolescentes, além do fortalecimento do trabalho educativo no PSF.

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