Prevalência da violência contra a mulher por parceiro íntimo em regiões do Brasil

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the results from the "WHO Multi-country Study on Women's Health and Domestic Violence", on the prevalence of intimate partner violence against women found in Brazil. METHODS:This cross-sectional study was part of the "WHO Multi-country Study on Women's Health and Domestic Violence against women", which was carried out in ten countries between 2000 and 2003. All the countries used a standardized structured questionnaire, devised for this study. In order to obtain data from contrasting settings within each country, the biggest city and a rural region were investigated whenever feasible. A representative sample of women aged 15 to 49 years was selected from the city of São Paulo and 15 municipalities in a rural region of the northeast, the Zona da Mata de Pernambuco. The study included 940 women from São Paulo and 1,188 from Zona da Mata de Pernambuco who had had an intimate partner at some time in their lives. Violence was classifi ed as psychological, physical and sexual types, and was analyzed in relation to overlapping, recurrence of episodes, severity and when it occurred. RESULTS:The women in São Paulo and Pernambuco respectively reported the following at least once in their lifetimes: psychological (N=383; 41.8% and N=580; 48.9%); physical (N=266; 27.2% and N=401; 33.7%); sexual (N=95; 10.1% and N=170; 14.3%) violence. There was signifi cant overlapping among the types of violence, which seemed to be associated with the most severe types of violence. The greatest single type was psychological violence, in São Paulo and Pernambuco (N=164; 17.5% and N=206; 17.3%), and the smallest was sexual violence (N=2; 0.2% and N=12; 1.0%). CONCLUSIONS:The results show that violence is a very common phenomenon. The fi ndings reiterate previous international studies results with regard to high magnitude and overlapping of types of intimate partner violence.KEY WORDS: Battered women. Violence against women. Spouse abuse. Domestic violence. Cross-sectional studies.

Femicídios: homicídios femininos no Brasil

“…Pernambuco is the exception with high prevalence of urban genderbased violence as evidenced in Schraiber et al study. 24 These authors reported high prevalence of all types of violence among women in Pernambuco. Although it seems contradictory, in many situations and in more rigid traditional hierarchical societies, women may protect their lives by hiding the fact they are abused and not directly confronting domestic violence.…”

Prevalência da violência praticada por parceiro masculino entre mulheres usuárias da rede primária de saúde do Estado de São Paulo

“…Neste estudo a prevalência de mulheres com vivência de VPI foi de 55,7%, similares às descritas em estudos nacionais [4][5][6] 5 . A violência sexual, em geral, tem sido menos referida em todos os estudos, possivelmente porque é aquela mais reconhecida nos eventos cometidos por terceiros, geralmente desconhecidos, mas não tão referida quando exercida por parceiros íntimos.…”

“…Em contrapartida, a violência psicológica foi a mais prevalente e é possível que seja mais fácil para a mulher relatar insultos, intimidações ou ameaças, do que as situações íntimas humilhantes e/ou forçadas pelo parceiro. Uma de cada três mulheres neste estudo tinha vivido alguma vez violência física provocada pelo parceiro, frequência compatível com a variação de 21,5 a 40,3% descritas em outros estudos nacionais [4][5][6] .…”

“…No Brasil, no início dos anos 2000, vários estudos foram realizados sobre prevalência de VPI [4][5][6] . Em estudo de base populacional para estudar a magnitude da violência praticada por mulheres e homens em relacionamentos heterossexuais estáveis, entrevistou 6.760 mulheres de 15-69 anos em 15 capitais do Brasil e o Distrito Federal 4 .…”

Atendimentos de jovens vítimas de agressões em serviços públicos de urgência e emergência, 2011: diferenças entre sexos

“…A systematic review revealed that approximately 40% of all murders of women worldwide are committed by intimate partners 11 . A study conducted in the Brazilian states of São Paulo and Pernambuco in 2003 found that in approximately half the cases of violence against women, the aggressor was an intimate partner (including husbands, partners, boyfriends or ex-partners) 12 .…”