-This research study was conducted to evaluate, by means of microbiological analyses, the preservation of wet brewery waste stored under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, regarding the development of filamentous fungi, yeasts and lactic-acid bacteria. The following treatments were used: untreated brewery waste, pre-dried brewery waste silage, brewery waste silage with effluent drainage and BW silage without effluent drainage. Silos made of PVC and equipped with Bunsen valves to allow gases to escape were used. Dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), temperature (°C) and pH in the untreated BW, in the stored brewery waste and in the brewery waste silage upon silo opening, after 60 days of ensilage were analyzed. A completely randomized design was used. The data were subjected to analysis of variance, and the means were compared by the Tukey test at the 5% probability level. The preservation of brewery waste packaged under aerobic conditions was not appropriate due to the development of filamentous fungi and yeasts; however, storage under anaerobic conditions proved to be an effective conservation process.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the supply of wet brewers grain silage with and without nutrient additives in ensiling (wheat bran, soybeans hulls and ground corn), and the effect of additives on the intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients as well as the efficiency, production and milk composition of Holstein cows. Four multiparous Holstein cows were used, with an average milk production of 25 liters per day. The cows were randomly assigned, via the Latin Square design (4x4), to one of four experimental diets. The experimental period was 21 days. The results obtained in the experiment were evaluated by analysis of variance, Fisher's F test and Tukey's test at 5 % probability. The experimental diets consisted of wet brewers grain silage alone, and this silage with the addition of wheat bran, soybean hulls or ground corn. The diets did not affect the initial body weight of the animals. Diets containing wheat bran and ground corn provided a higher intake of dry matter (21.78 -1 DM) when cows were fed diets containing soybean hulls and ground corn, respectively, were higher than other diets. The different diets did not change daily milk production, milk production corrected for 3.5 % fat or milk composition. The milk urea nitrogen from cows fed ground corn diets was a lower concentration (17.67 mg dL -1 ), however, it was still above the suitable range (10 to 14 mg dL -1 ). Providing wet brewers grain silage with soybeans hulls or ground corn to Holstein cows increased the digestibility of dry matter and nutrients. However, the use of silages with wheat bran, soybean hulls or ground corn did not alter the efficiency, production or milk composition of cows fed with these silages. Key words: Nutrient additives. Agro-industrial by-products. Ground corn. Soybean hulls. Milk urea nitrogen. Wheat bran. ResumoObjetivou-se avaliar a inclusão do farelo de trigo (FT), casca do grão de soja (CGS) ou milho moído (MM) na ensilagem do resíduo úmido de cervejaria (RUC), e seus efeitos sobre o consumo e a digestibilidade da matéria seca e dos nutrientes, bem como, sobre a eficiência, produção e composição do leite de vacas da raça Holandês. Foram utilizadas quatro vacas da raça Holandês, multíparas, com produção média de 28 litros/dia, distribuídas no delineamento em quadrado latino (4x4), com quatro períodos experimentais de 21 dias e quatro silagens. As vacas foram alimentadas com dietas compostas por feno de Tifton 85, silagens do RUC e ração concentrada. Os tratamentos consistiram de silagem do RUC (SRUC), silagem do RUC com FT (SRFT), CGS (SRCGS) ou MM (SRMM). As dietas não interferiram no peso corporal dos animais. As inclusões do FT ou MM, na ensilagem do RUC, proporcionaram maiores consumos de matéria seca e matéria orgânica das dietas SRFT e SRMM. As maiores digestibilidades da matéria seca, orgânica, fibra em detergente neutro e proteína bruta foram observadas nas dietas SRCGS e SRMM. A produção diária, a produção corrigida para 3,5 % de gordura e a composição do leite não foram alteradas pela...
RESUMOForam utilizadas 24 cordeiras do grupo genético Pantaneiro, abatidas com 2,0; 3,0 e 4,0 mm de espessura de gordura, avaliadas por ultrassonografia no Longissimus dorsi. Avaliaram-se características quantitativas de carcaça, do lombo e índice de musculosidade da perna. As cordeiras receberam ração completa misturada calculada para ganho de peso diário de 0,300 kg. Foram realizadas avaliações por ultrassonografia (entre a 12ª e a 13ª costela) e pesagens a cada 14 dias, sendo que os abates ocorriam à medida que as cordeiras atingiam a espessura de gordura pré-determinada: 2,0; 3,0 e 4,0 mm. Não houve efeito para rendimento verdadeiro da carcaça, rendimento comercial da carcaça e índice de compacidade da perna. Foi observado maior rendimento do lombo para cordeiras abatidas com 4,0 mm de espessura de gordura subcutânea. As espessuras de gordura subcutânea não influenciaram a área de olho de lombo, porém animais com 4,0 mm apresentaram maiores medidas. Foram observadas diferenças nas proporções de músculo, osso e gordura da perna entre as espessuras de gordura subcutânea avaliadas. A musculosidade da perna não foi influenciada com o aumento da espessura da gordura subcutânea. Com base neste estudo e também com as exigências do mercado consumidor, recomenda-se o abate de animais com aproximadamente 3,00 mm de gordura. Palavras
Eight sheep were used at the end of reproductive life fed ad libitum for 60 days with mixed and pelleted complete feed. After slaughter, the shoulders were extracted, vacuum packed and stored at -18º C being boneless to produce burger with different proportions of sheep meat and pork backfat. The burgers were evaluated by means of chemical and sensory analyzes to verify the acceptability of consumers. Moisture was influenced by the proportion of sheep meat in burgers, with being lower for 85% of sheep meat. The concentration of ash, total lipids and cooking losses did not differ (P>0.05) between treatments. The burgers of crude protein decreased with the addition of 30% pork backfat, compared to the other treatments. Consumers showed preference for burgers formulated with 85% inclusion of sheep meat and 15% pork backfat (P
Como fator fundamental para o fortalecimento da agricultura familiar e da agroecologia como base para os sistemas alternativos de produção agrícola, é necessária a intervenção de agente/ pessoas que proporcionem uma linguagem compatível com o meio em que encontram-se os agricultores. Nesse sentido, buscamos com o trabalho fortalecer as práticas já utilizadas pelos agricultores e disseminar outras práticas agroecológicas, por meio da criação de um Núcleo de Estudos em Agroecologia e Produção Orgânica no município de Irati – PR. O objetivo deste projeto é levar o conhecimento gerado pela agroecologia até os agricultores de forma a possibilitar a compreensão pelos mesmos, e ao mesmo tempo aprender com eles, ocasionando a troca de saberes. Sendo assim, para cada um dos agricultores dos grupos existentes em Irati – PR pode-se desenvolver em seus agro ecossistemas, fortalecendo desta forma, a permanência dos agricultores no campo, e as práticas já desenvolvidas pelos agricultores, para que sua produção seja cada vez melhor e suas necessidades sejam atendidas.
-The objective of the present study was to characterize the food sources, as well as the composition and quality of milk obtained from household farms of western Paraná State (Brazil) with and without technical assistance during the different seasons. For such, 24 properties were selected, 12 of which only received assistance and technical support. Four milk samples were taken (summer, autumn, winter and spring) to assess the physicochemical composition, somatic cell count and total bacterial count and feed supplied to the animals to assess the chemical composition (crude protein, ash, dry matter and neutral detergent fiber). The data were analyzed in a completely randomized design with a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement; the first factor was the presence and absence of technical assistance and the second factor was the four seasons of the year. Due to the dairy tradition of properties in the region, technical assistance had no significant effects on the health and nutritional quality of food, the number of animals, the production, or total bacterial count, which suffered oscillations only depending on the seasons of the year. However, the presence of assistance contributed to reducing somatic cell counts of milk produced and marketed. The technical assistance does not affect the quality of forages and concentrates used or the milk composition; however, it improves the sanitary quality of the milk produced throughout the four seasons of the year in household farms of western Paraná.
Linseed plays an important role in animal nutrition as it contains long-chain fatty acids in its composition, which, once absorbed, are incorporated into meat and milk. For evaluate the concentration of fatty acids in the Longissimus dorsi muscle of culling ewes fed diets containing levels of inclusion of linseed, 88 culling ewes were used with an average initial body weight of 37.65 ± 6.98 kg were distributed in a completely randomized design with 12 treatments. Treatments consisted of the interaction between levels of linseed (0, 5, 10, and 15%) and days in feedlot (30, 45, and 60). The most present fatty acids in the composition of the muscle L. dorsi were palmitic (27.32 g 100 g -1 ) and stearic (17.77 g 100 g -1 ). Saturated acids remained at low levels as the animals were fed greater levels of linseed, demonstrating the importance of introducing quality foods in animal feeding. Oleic acid was the most present monounsaturated fatty acid, with 40 g 100 g -1 . Palmitoleic and elaidic fatty acids increased linearly as the linseed inclusion in the diet was increased. Polyunsaturated acids increased with the presence of linseed in the diet. For the linolenic acid (C18: 3n3), the best result was with inclusion of 10% of linseed in the total diet. All groups of animals that received linseed obtained better n6:n3 ratios, which varied from 1.81 to 4.14. The higher CLA values obtained in this study are related to the higher amounts of inclusion of linseed in the sheep diet, varying from 1.15 to 5.72 g 100 g -1 . It is recommended culling ewes supplemented with inclusion of 10% linseed, for 60 days in feedlot, because they comprise a larger number of favorable traits regarding to the profile fatty acids of Longissimus dorsi. Key words: Polyunsaturated acid. Saturated acid. CLA. n6:n3. ResumoGrãos de linhaça desempenham um papel importante na alimentação dos animais, uma vez que contêm em sua composição, ácidos graxos de cadeia longa que, uma vez absorvidos, são incorporados a carne e ao leite. Para avaliar a concentração de ácidos graxos no músculo Longissimus dorsi de ovelhas de descarte alimentadas com linhaça foram utilizadas 88 ovelhas, com peso corporal inicial médio de 37,65 ± 6,98 kg, distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em 12 tratamentos. Os tratamentos constavam da interação entre níveis de linhaça (0, 5, 10 e 15%) e dias de confinamento (30, 45 e 60 dias). Os ácidos graxos observados em maior quantidade na composição do músculo L. dorsi foram o palmítico (27,32 g 100 g -1 ) e esteárico (17,77 g 100 g -1 ). Os ácidos saturados mantiveram-se em baixas concentrações na carne quando os animais foram alimentados com maiores teores de linhaça, demonstrando a importância da introdução de alimentos de qualidade na alimentação de animais. O ácido graxo monoinsaturado em maior quantidade foi o ácido oleico com 40 g 100g -1 de ácidos graxos. Os ácidos graxos palmitoléico e elaídico aumentaram linearmente com a inclusão dos grãos de linhaça. Os níveis de ácidos graxos poli-insaturados aumentaram...
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.