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In this study, yogurt was supplemented with 1.5 and 3.0 g L -1 of grape extract, inoculated culture containing Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bb12 bifidum, fermented and stored at 4°C. Acid production, microbial growth, gel strength, syneresis, rheological and sensory properties were studied. An increase in grape extract concentration extended fermentation time. Bacterial strains were found in at least 109 CFU100 g -1 of yogurt showing the possibility of probiotic yogurt production with grape extract. Gel strength decreased with increasing concentration of grape extract while syneresis increased. The addition of grape extract changed the dilatant behavior to a pseudoplastic behavior, decreased yield stress, whereas k values increased. Sensory attributes (color, flavor, taste, texture and appearance) didn't differ significantly.

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-This research study was conducted to evaluate, by means of microbiological analyses, the preservation of wet brewery waste stored under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, regarding the development of filamentous fungi, yeasts and lactic-acid bacteria. The following treatments were used: untreated brewery waste, pre-dried brewery waste silage, brewery waste silage with effluent drainage and BW silage without effluent drainage. Silos made of PVC and equipped with Bunsen valves to allow gases to escape were used. Dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), temperature (°C) and pH in the untreated BW, in the stored brewery waste and in the brewery waste silage upon silo opening, after 60 days of ensilage were analyzed. A completely randomized design was used. The data were subjected to analysis of variance, and the means were compared by the Tukey test at the 5% probability level. The preservation of brewery waste packaged under aerobic conditions was not appropriate due to the development of filamentous fungi and yeasts; however, storage under anaerobic conditions proved to be an effective conservation process.

RESUMO. O objetivo do trabalho foi determinar a composição química e energética de seis diferentes farinhas de carne e ossos, bem como desenvolver equações de predição da energia digestível e metabolizável, com base na composição química dos alimentos. Foram utilizados 28 suínos, mestiços, machos castrados, com peso médio inicial de 25,90 ± 1,95 kg, distribuídos em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com sete tratamentos, quatro repetições e um animal por unidade experimental. Os tratamentos consistiram de uma ração-referência e seis diferentes farinhas de carne e ossos, que substituíram em 20% a ração-referência. Os valores de energia digestível e metabolizável variaram de 1.717 a 2.908 kcal kg-1 e de 1.519 a 2.608 kcal kg-1 , respectivamente. As equações de predição da energia digestível e metabolizável que apresentaram maiores R 2 para a farinha de carne e ossos foram:

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RESUMO. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o efeito de aditivos promotores de crescimento (prebiótico, probiótico e simbiótico) em substituição ao antibiótico sobre o desempenho e características de carcaça (cortes nobres, órgãos e gordura abdominal), em dietas para frangos de corte de um a 42 dias de idade. Foram utilizados 384 pintos de um dia de idade alojados sobre cama reutilizada. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos e seis repetições, sendo: PROsuplementação com probiótico (2 kg t -1 ), ANT -suplementação com antibióticos (flavomicina 10% -4 ppm e halquinol 60% -15 ppm), PRE -suplementação com prebiótico (5 kg t -1 ), SIMB -suplementação com probiótico e prebiótico (2 e 5 kg t -1 , respectivamente). O probiótico utilizado era composto por Lactobacillus acidophillus; Streptococcus faecium e Bifidobacterium bifidum e o prebiótico utilizado foi inulina (extrato de raiz de chicória). Na fase inicial, os frangos alimentados com dietas contendo probiótico e simbiótico tiveram maior ganho de peso e peso total aos 21 dias. A suplementação na ração com antibiótico proporcionou menor consumo de ração de um a 21 dias de idade. Os promotores de crescimento não apresentaram efeito sobre as variáveis de desempenho, rendimento de carcaça e cortes nobres estudadas na fase de um a 42 dias de idade.Palavras-chave: antibiótico, desempenho, prebiótico, simbiótico.ABSTRACT. Evaluation of inulin and probiotic for broiler chickens. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of growth promoter additives (prebiotic, probiotic and symbiotic) as an antibiotic replacement on the performance and carcass characteristics (prime cuts, organs and abdominal fat) in diets for broiler chickens 1 to 42 days old. A total of 384 birds were used, one-day-old, on a reused bed. A completely randomized design was used, with four treatments and six replications, namely: PRO -supplementation with probiotic (2 kg t -1 ), ANT -supplementation with antibiotics (flavomycin 10% -4 ppm and halquinol 60% -15 ppm), PRE -supplementation with prebiotic (5 kg t -1 ), SIMBsupplementation with probiotic and prebiotic (2 and 5 kg t -1 , respectively). The probiotic used consisted of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Streptococcus faecium and Bifidobacterium bifidum, and the prebiotic used consisted of inulin (chicory root extract). In the initial phase, the chickens fed diets containing probiotic and symbiotic had higher weight gain and total weight at 21 days. Supplementation with antibiotics in feed provided a lower feed intake at 1 to 21 days old. The growth promoters did not show an effect on the variables of performance, carcass yield and prime cuts studied in the phase from 1 to 42 days of age.Key words: antibiotic, performance, prebiotic, symbiotic. IntroduçãoA avicultura vem buscando a excelência em produção animal, aliado ao baixo custo e excelente qualidade dos produtos reunindo os diversos conhecimentos nas áreas de sanidade, genética, manejo e nutrição, a fim de atender à demanda e às ex...

Safranine-O (Sf) is a photosensitizer (PS) displaying a remarkable potential for photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this work, we have used the combination of Sf with F127 Pluronic and Carbopol (C934P) to obtain a stimuliresponsive hydrogel (SR-Sf). This thermoresponsive-photoactive nanostructured system was prepared by two different methods: direct addition (DA) and solid dispersion (SD). Both SR-Sf have had their physical and chemical properties evaluated for veterinary applications, especially considering their ability to be used as a commercial product, aiming at the prophylactic or therapeutic treatment of breast gland infections. In general, the rheological and mechanical properties, as well as the sol−gel transition temperature, indicated suitable properties for using them as a topical system in veterinary (and human) applications. The ex vivo release studies showed a satisfactory permeation profile of the SR-Sf hydrogel, reaching the full length of the overall skin toward the dermis within 30 min of application (989 μm). The in vitro studies showed photodynamic inactivation using Sf-F127 with a significant reduction in isolated colonies. The in vivo case report with dairy goat demonstrated that the SR-Sf hydrogel veterinary use platform emerged as an innovative approach for the treatment of local infections without generating antibiotic residues in the milk produced.