Passiflora edulis Sims: the correct taxonomic way to cite the yellow passion fruit (and of others colors)

Abstract

-Passiflora edulis, the passion fruit native from Brazil, has several common names (such as sour passion fruit, yellow passion fruit, black passion fruit, and purple passion fruit), and presents a wide variability with the different rind colors of its fruits, which are very easy to notice. However, in 1932, Otto Degener suggested that the yellow passion fruit had its origin in Australia through breeding, calling it P. edulis forma flavicarpa, and that it could be distinguished by the color of the fruit, the deeper shade of purple of the corona, and the presence of glands on the sepals. These distinctions do not support themselves, for the glands are common to the species (although they may be absent), and the corona has a wide range of colors, regardless of the color of the fruit. A more critical ingredient is the fact that the external coloration of the fruit is a character of complex inheritance and is not dominant, thus displaying a number of intermediate colors, making it difficult to identify the extreme colors. For the correct scientific naming of agricultural plants, the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature must be used in conjunction with the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants, with the selections with significant agronomic characteristics recognized and named cultivars. In accordance with the international convention promoted by the UPOV, of which Brazil is a signatory, several colors (light yellow, yellow, orange yellow, pink red, red, red purple, green purple, purple, and dark purple) can be recognized in order to adequately characterize passion fruit cultivars within the species P. edulis. At taxonomic level, Passiflora edulis Sims must be used for any plant and color of sour passion fruits, in combination with a cultivar name for the selected materials. Index Terms: cultivar, nomenclature, Passiflora edulis, Passifloraceae, yellow passion fruit. PASSIFLORA edulis SIMS: A MANEIRA TAXONÔMICA CORRETA DE REFERIR-SE AO MARACUJÁ-AMARELO (E AOS DE OUTRAS CORES)RESUMO -Passiflora edulis, o maracujá é nativo do Brasil, apresenta vários nomes populares (tais como maracujá-azedo, maracujá-amarelo, maracujá-preto e maracujá-roxo) e grande variabilidade, sendo que diferentes cores da casca do fruto são facilmente observadas. Entretanto, em 1932, Otto Degener sugeriu que o maracujá-amarelo tenha originado através de melhoramento genético, na Austrália, denominando-o como P. edulis forma flavicarpa, e poderia ser reconhecido pela cor do fruto, pela porção colorida da corona, maior e de um arroxeado mais escuro, e pela presença de glândulas nas sépalas. Essa distinção não se sustenta, pois essas glândulas são comuns na espécie (embora possam estar ausentes), e a corona tem grande variação de cores, independentemente da cor do fruto. Ainda mais crítico é o fato de que a coloração externa do fruto é um caráter de herança complexa e não tem dominância, existindo, por isso, várias cores intermediárias e dificuldades para reconhecer quais as cores extremas. Para a correta denominaç...

Characterization and selection of passion fruit (yellow and purple) accessions based on molecular markers and disease reactions for use in breeding programs

“…1) (Supplementary Material-SM 1). The accessions encompassed popularly known variations, such as purple and yellow passion fruits, both of which are found in P. edulis Sims (Bernacci et al 2008 A set of 23 SSR loci was used, 11of which came from theseries mPc-UNICAMP, mPe-UNICAMP and mPs-UNICAMP (Cerqueira- Silva et al 2012bSilva et al , 2014b and 12 fromthe series USP (Oliveira 2006). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays to obtain diversity estimates were conducted in a final volume of 15 lL, containing 12 ng of template DNA, 0.4 mM each primer (reverse and forward) and 1.0 U of Taq DNA polymerase (Invitrogen Co, Carlsbad, CA, USA).…”

Non-destructive estimation of leaf area in passion fruit (Passiflora edulis L.)

“…Among the species of this genus, the passion fruit (Passiflora edulis L.) is the most commonly grown for commercial purpose in Brazil (Bernacci et al, 2008). According to Melleti (2011), it is estimated that 95% of Brazilian orchards are planted with passion fruit cultivars, mainly due to high yields, fruit quality, plant vigor and juice yield.…”

Induction and Morpho-Ultrastructural Analysis of Organogenic Calli of a Wild Passionfruit

“…It hosts more than 150 native species, including some wild Passiflora species that are not commercially cultivated (Bernacci et al 2008). Breeding programs may contribute to improving disease resistance in existing commercial cultivars.…”