Purpose This paper addresses the motivations of tourists who visit the region of La Rioja, Spain, which is well known for its internationally recognized, high-quality wines, yet remains understudied as a wine tourism destination. The paper aims to ascertain whether tourists are attracted to La Rioja because of its famous wines and wine-related activities or if other motivations exist. Design/methodology/approach The data were derived from 217 questionnaires regarding tourists’ motivations. A tourist survey was applied in La Rioja’s capital city, Logroño, and segmentation analysis was undertaken. The data were first grouped into five factors regarding motivations for one’s visit. These factors were then used to create two clusters: “wine tourists” and “other tourists”. Findings The results enabled us to detect different segments of tourists. The existence of two clusters suggests that tourists are motivated to visit the region for various reasons that are not necessarily wine-related. Thus, the region should be marketed to tourists beyond the theme of wine, as there is a demand for diverse experiences. Originality/value Using the push and pull theory, this study contributes to the literature on the profile of visitors to wine tourism destinations by identifying differences in terms of motivations and other personal characteristics between “wine tourists” and the “other tourists”. It also adds to the few existing studies on wine tourism segmentation in Spain through its focus on La Rioja, which is one of the most famous Spanish wine tourism destinations.

The aim is to evaluate the effect of metabolic activity of intestinal microflora on laboratory manifestations of carbohydrate malabsorption syndrome in early-aged children with rotavirus infection by studying the main intestinal metabolites – short-chain fatty acids in faeces. Materials and methods. 60 breastfed children with rotavirus infection aged 1–24 months were examined. The total amount of carbohydrates in faecal samples was determined using Benedict’s test, and the detection of short-chain fatty acids in faeces was carried out using liquid chromatography in the dynamics of the disease – on the 3rd, 5th and 10th day. Results. It was established, that the amount of reducing sugars in faeces decreased with the increasing concentration of intestinal microflora metabolites during the entire period of rotavirus infection. In patients with ≤0.5 % level of carbohydrates in faeces, the total content of short-chain fatty acids was the highest and exceeded by 2.0, 1.8 and 1.7 times the indicators of children with Benedict’s test values >0.5 % on the 3rd, 5th and 10th days of the disease, respectively (p < 0.05). A decrease in the metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota in the above category of children occurred mainly due to a deficiency in the production of acetic and propionic acids (P < 0.05). In the acute period of the disease, an imbalance in the intestinal microbiota infrastructure was noted towards a deficiency of obligate anaerobes that was expressed in a decrease in the anaerobic index (P < 0.05). The severity of these disorders influenced the severity of carbohydrate malabsorption: with an increase in the level of undigested sugars in faeces >0.5 %, the anaerobic index values were 3 and 5 times lower than at a carbohydrate level ≤0.5 % on the 3rd and 5th days of the disease, respectively (P < 0.05). Conclusions. It has been found that early-aged children with rotavirus infection have structural and functional disorders of the intestinal microflora, which influence the severity of carbohydrate malabsorption syndrome. The lower the saccharolytic activity of intestinal bacteria, the more pronounced the manifestations of this syndrome during the entire period of the disease.

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Анотація. Розширення сортименту овочевих рослин дозволяє збільшити різноманітність і виробництво вітчизняної овочевої продукції, зокрема помідорів. У статті розглянуто й доведено результати досліджень, що сорт істотно впливає на формування врожайності помідора і може мінімізувати негативний вплив факторів навколишнього середовища. Мета. Метою досліджень було вивчення агро-біологічних особливостей формування врожаю різних сортів помідора. Методи. Експериментальні дослідження проводили в 2018–2020 рр. На дослідному полі Уманського національного університету садівництва. У роботі застосовані основні методи дослідження: аналізу і порівняння, експеримента льний, розрахунковий. Досліджували сорти помідора української селекції Лагідний (контроль), Аніта, Айсан, Вулкан, Гейзер, Даруна, Класик, Улюблений, Миролюбівський, Оберіг, Удав, Фізума, Хорів, Чудо. Результати. Порівняння кількості генеративних органів рослин показало, що впродовж періоду вегетації більшу кількість китиць утворювалося на рослинах сорту Хорів – 23,1 шт./росл., що перевищувало контроль на 20,8 шт./росл. Найвищу врожайність мали сорти Вулкан і Хорів – 63,0 т/га, а також Чудо – 62,8 т/га, що істотно перевищувало контроль – 56,0 т/га. Сорт Даруна наближався до цього показника і мав урожайність 56,9 т/га. У сортів Аніта і Оберіг врожайність була нижчою від контролю на 1,4–1,5 т/га, у сортів Миролюбівський і Айсан на 8,3–9,5 т/га. Високі хімічні показники мав сорт Оберіг, плоди якого накопичували 6,2% сухої розчинної речовини проти контролю Лагідний 5,1%. Сорти Хорів і Миролюбівський за цим показником наближалися до контролю. За вмістом цукрів переважали сорти Хорів, Оберіг і Миролюбівський – 3,4, 3,9 і 3,8% відповідно, що істотно вище контролю. За кількістю вітаміну С виділялися сорти Оберіг і Чудо, у яких виявлений високий цукрово-кислотний коефіцієнт – 9,4 в порівнянні з контролем (7,5). У сортів Хорів і Миролюбівський він був на рівні 5,6 і 5,8 відповідно. Висновки. Отже, у результаті досліджень виявлено, що найбільш адаптивними і продуктивними є сорти помідора Чудо, Вулкан і Хорів, з урожайністю 62,8–63,0 т/га та високими показниками біохімічного складу.

Purpose. To reveal the features of productivity formation of French bean varieties of different ecological and geographical origin in the conditions of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. During 2020–2021 six early maturing varieties of beans – ‘Zironka’, ‘Casablanca’ (Ukraine), ‘Lila Königin’ (Germany), ‘Laura’ (Poland), ‘Fruidor’ (France) and ‘Paloma’ (the Netherlands) were studied in the field (Uman, 48°46’N, 30°14’E). Biometric and productivity indicators of plants, as well as the biochemical composition of products (green beans) were analyzed in technical and full maturity of the culture (BBCH 75 and 99). Results. The dwarf varie­ties ‘Lila Königin’ and ‘Casablanca’ were identified, which can be used in breeding as a source of this trait. Varieties with high attachment of the lower bean, suitable for mechanized harvesting – ‘Casablanca’, ‘Zironka’, ‘Laura’ and ‘Paloma’ were identified.  It was revealed that the most productive varieties were ‘Zironka’, ‘Casablanca’ and ‘Paloma’, the mass of beans in which was in the range of 43.1–86.0 g, and the yield of green beans was 9.39–19.35 t/ha. In terms of seed yield, the varieties ‘Zironka’ turned out to be highly productive – 3.51 t/ha, ‘Casablanca’ – 3.78 t/ha and ‘Lila Königin’ – 2.65 t/ha. Evaluation of the biochemical composition of green beans of French bean did not allow to distinguish varieties by a set of indicators, however, as a source of traits with a high percentage of dry residue stood out variety ‘Paloma’ – 11%; by the share of protein – ‘Fruidor’ – 18.7%; for the share of sugars – ‘Lila Königin’ – 2.60%, for the content of ascorbic acid ‘Fruidor’ – 23.0 mg/100 g and with low content of nitrates – the variety ‘Lila Königin’ – 129.0 mg/kg. Conclusions. The evaluation of French bean varieties by morphological variability and productivity allowed to recommend ‘Paloma’ and ‘Casablanca’ varieties for use in production. Varie­ties with improved biochemical parameters that can be used as sources of traits for breeding were identified.

Purpose. To reveal the peculiarities of plant yield formation and biometric indicators of marketable products of different savoy cabbage varieties under the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. The research was conducted in the Research and Production Department of Uman National University of Horticulture in the years 2018–2020. Varieties of savoy cabbage (‘Vertu 1340’ – control, ‘Sphere’, 'Rozali' and ‘Vertus’) were planted according to the scheme 70 × 40 cm (35.7 thousand plants/ha). Results. On average, over the years of research, the highest yield was formed by savoy cabbage varieties 'Vertus' (53.1 t/ha) and ‘Sphere’ (51.8 t/ha), which was 7.4 and 6.1 t/ha, respectively (in control option ‘Vertu’1340' it was 45.7 t/ha). The least productive among the studied assortment was ‘Rozali’ with 39.9 t/ha. ‘Vertu 1340’ was characterized by the lowest marketability of the obtained products (85.6%), while in the others this indicator was higher, on average, by 9.1–13.3%. Savoy cabbage varieties 'Sphere' and 'Vertus' exceeded the control variety over all biometric indicators of the cabbage head: average weight of 1.73 and 1.50 kg against 1.40 kg, diameter of 18.6 and 18.2 cm against 17.8 cm, respectively. The variety ‘Rozali’ was significantly inferior to them in all these indicators. Regarding the biochemical components of the products of the studied varieties, the dry matter content averaged 8.07–10.17%, sugars 3.27–3.58%, vitamin C 32.64–60.98 mg/100 g. Qualitative indicators were the highest in the control variety 'Vertu 1340' and the lowest in 'Sphere'. Conclusions. When grown in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, the highest yields and marketability of products are formed by savoy cabbage varieties ‘Sphere’ and ‘Vertus’. At the same time, the control variety ‘Vertu 1340’ surpasses all others in terms of product quality indicators, namely dry matter content, sugars and vitamin C.

The research reveals a versatile positive effect of organic bio stimulants Regoplant, Stimpo, and Emochka on kohlrabi cabbage plants. Soaking the seeds for 12 hours and foliar dressing of plants during vegetation with solutions of growth regulators contributed not only to increase the total yield of stems but also to enhancing growth indices of kohlrabi plants and at the same time ensuring better resistance to adverse growing conditions. The highest yield was obtained for the soaking seeds for 12 hours and 2 foliar dressings. Thus, in kohlrabi varieties ‘Delikatesna Bila’ and ‘Violeta’, the highest yield of stems (23.9?25.2 t/ha) was obtained under the influence of growth regulators Regoplant and Stimpo. In the experiment, a high yield of commodity stems was obtained in variety ‘Delikatesna Bila’ (86?93%) and in variety ‘Violeta’ (86?91%), which was on average higher by 8.0 and 5.6% than in the control treatment. The use of biostimulants ensured the yield of soluble dry matter higher by 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.8%in‘Delikatesna Bila’ and by 0.8%, 1.0%, 0.3% in ‘Violeta’, respectively, compared to the control treatment