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half-life (<5 s) and diffusion distance (40-200 µm) in vitro and in vivo. [7] In addition, the biological functions of NO are pleiotropic and strongly dependent on its concentrations. At lower concentrations (pm to nm), NO promotes cell survival and proliferation, [8,9] while higher NO concentrations (µm to mm) cause cell apoptosis [10] with potential for anticancer, [11] antibacterial, [12] and antiviral applications. [13] To this end, researchers have developed a number of NO-releasing platforms where NO donors, denoted as substances that transport and release NO upon specific stimulus, are encapsulated into pre-fabricated scaffolds (e.g., silica nanoparticles, polymers, liposomes, hydrogels, and metal-organic frameworks). [8,[14][15][16][17] Even though these platforms have been demonstrated to enable controlled and sustained NO release profiles, [18][19][20] their NO payloads and duration of NO release principally rely on the finite amount of NO donors incorporated. To tackle this issue, NO delivery by catalytic approaches have been developed, which enables in situ continuous NO generation from naturally occurring endogenous NO donors S-nitrosothiols (RSNOs) mediated by catalytic reagents. [21] One of the well-known catalytic approaches for NO generation is the copper-facilitated decomposition of S-nitrosothiols, where transition Cu 2+ is reduced to Cu + by thiolate, and Cu + subsequently reacts with RSNO to release NO and regenerate Cu 2+ . [22] This discovery has led to the development of copper-based materials for NO release from S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), [23,24] S-nitrosocysteamine, [25,26] S-nitrosocysteine (CysNO), [27] and S-nitroso-Nacetyl-DL-penicillamine (SNAP). [28] Another representative catalytic agent for NO release is gold nanoparticles. Catalytic gold nanoparticles were reported to catalyze NO release from GSNO, SNAP, and S-nitrosopenicillamine, which was ascribed to the formation of Au-thiolate and the oxidation of Au 0 to Au [1] on the surface of gold nanoparticles. [29,30] Recently, Doverspike et al. [31] reported that zinc oxide particles enhanced NO release from GSNO, and our group [32,33] presented the ability of zinc oxide particles to catalytically decompose both endogenous (GSNO) and exogenous (β-gal-NONOate) donors to generate NO at physiological conditions. Intriguingly, the opposite capability, that is, NO-scavenging capability, of gold nanoparticles, [34] copper nanoparticles, [35] and zinc oxide particles [36,37] in the presence of excessive NO were also reported, which shows the multi-faceted functions of these transition metal nanoparticles.Ceria nanoparticles (NPs) are widely reported to scavenge nitric oxide (NO) radicals. This study reveals evidence that an opposite effect of ceria NPs exists, that is, to induce NO generation. Herein, S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), one of the most biologically abundant NO donors, is catalytically decomposed by ceria NPs to produce NO. Ceria NPs maintain a high NO release recovery rate and retain their crystalline structure for at least 4 w...

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Monitoring of human serum albumin (HSA) in a point‐of‐care fashion is urgently needed in particular for elderly or chronically ill patients. Herein, a dual‐state emissive chalcone probe having the feature of aggregation‐induced emission was designed and synthesized. The concentration of HSA can be evaluated by the ratios of emission from probes in aggregated and monomeric state, which gives a visually discernible red‐to‐green color change. A simple, portable paper‐based analytical device have been fabricated by integration of the recognition probe in the detection pad and employed for HSA test using the whole blood samples. This paper‐based assay shows the analytical capability comparable to the standard testing methods but is in a point‐of‐care fashion, providing a promising tool for at‐home HSA detection and HSA‐related disease diagnosis.