-(diversity and community structure of cerrado sensu stricto on rocky outcrops of the Pireneus state Park, Goiás). This study was conducted within the Pireneus State Park and its objective was to analyse the floristic composition and community structure of the woody layer of the cerrado sensu stricto on rocky outcrops and to compare with other places. The study area is located at 15°48'42"-47" s and 48°52'40"-63" W, with average altitude of 1,310 m. Ten 20 m × 50 m (1,000 m 2 ) plots were randomly located and all woody individuals of 5 cm diameter at 30 cm from the ground level were identified and measured. Sixty five species belonging to 51 genera and 35 families were found. The richest families in species were: Myrtaceae (eight spp.), Fabaceae (seven spp.) and melastomataceae (six spp.). The 12 species with highest VI were responsible for more than 50% of total density and dominance. The density was 1105 individuals ha -1 and basal area was 11.03 m 2 ha -1 . shannon's diversity index (H') was 3.65 nats ind -1 . These values are high and are within the range of other studies in cerrado sensu stricto. TWINSPAN classification of the Pireneus State Park's plots showed that this cerrado is composed by species characteristics of the site like Schwartzia adamantium (cambess.) Bedell ex Giraldo-cañas, Alchornea triplinervia (spreng.) müll. arg. and Clusia burchellii engl., generalist species of "cerrado region" and also by species more common in gallery forests, and present similar structure to this vegetation in other edaphic conditions.Key words -phytosociology, savanna, serra dos Pireneus, woody vegetation RESUMO -(diversidade e estrutura comunitária de cerrado sensu stricto em afloramentos rochosos no Parque Estadual dos Pireneus, Goiás). Este estudo foi realizado no Parque Estadual dos Pireneus e tem como objetivo analisar a composição florística e a estrutura comunitária do componente lenhoso do cerrado sensu stricto sobre afloramentos de rochas e comparar os resultados com outros locais. a área localiza-se entre as coordenadas 15°48'42"-47" s e 48°52'40"-63" W, a 1.310 m de altitude média. dez parcelas de 20 m × 50 m (1.000 m 2 ) foram alocadas aleatoriamente onde mediu-se todos os indivíduos lenhosos com diâmetro do tronco igual ou superior a 5 cm, tomado a 30 cm do solo. o estudo registrou 65 espécies, pertencentes a 51 gêneros e 35 famílias. As famílias mais representativas quanto ao número de espécies foram: Myrtaceae (oito spp.), Fabaceae (sete spp.) e melastomataceae (seis spp.). as doze primeiras espécies em VI foram responsáveis por mais de 50% da dominância e densidade totais. A densidade foi de 1.105 indivíduos ha -1 e a área basal 11,03 m 2 ha -1 . O índice de diversidade de Shannon (H') foi de 3,65 nats ind -1 e encontra-se dentro da faixa de variação de estudos em cerrado sensu stricto. os agrupamentos das parcelas do parque gerados pela análise de classificação mostraram que este cerrado é composto por espécies características do local como Schwartzia adamantium (cambess.) Bedell ex Giral...

Abstract:In this study we recorded the occurrence of insect galls, inductors and parasitoids in plants of several physiognomies of Brazilian Cerrado in the Serra dos Pireneus, Goiás State, Brazil. We found 62 morphotypes of gall on 28 botanical families, comprising 44 genera and 51 species. The plant families that showed the greatest richness of galls were Fabaceae, with eight morphotypes, and Styracaceae with six. Styrax pohlii (Styracaceae) was the host plant species with the greatest gall richness, featuring five morphotypes. Most of galls occurred on the leaves (82.6%), 45.1% in vegetation of typical savanna and 35.4% in rocky savanna. Dipteran, Hemipteran and Lepidopteran galls were found, being 50.9% of them induced by Cecidomyiidae (Diptera). Several parasitoids were obtained, Eulophidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) was the most representative group (occurring in approximately 40% of the galls). Nine species of plants were recorded for the first time in the Neotropical as host of gallers. Resumo: Neste estudo, registramos a ocorrência de galhas, galhadores e parasitóides em plantas de várias fitofisionomias de Cerrado na Serra dos Pireneus, Estado de Goiás, Brasil. Foram encontrados 62 morfotipos de galhas em 28 famílias botânicas, compreendendo 44 gêneros e 51 espécies. As famílias botânicas que apresentaram maior riqueza de galhas foram Fabaceae, com oito morfotipos e Styracaceae com seis. Styrax pohlii (Styracaceae) foi a espécie de planta hospedeira mais rica em galhas, apresentando cinco morfotipos. A maioria das galhas ocorreu nas folhas (82,6%) e em fitofisionomias de cerrado típico (45,1%) e cerrado rupestre (35,4%). Galhas de Diptera, Hemiptera e Lepidoptera foram encontradas, sendo 50,9% induzidas por Cecidomyiidae (Diptera). Vários parasitóides obtidos, dentre eles, Eulophidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) foram foi o grupo mais representativo (ocorrendo em aproximadamente 40% das galhas). Nove espécies de plantas são registradas pela primeira vez na região Neotropical como hospedeiras de galhadores. Palavras-chaves: Cecidomyiidae, insetos galhadores, plantas hospedeiras, parasitóides.

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RESUMO(Dinâmica da comunidade arbórea em uma floresta estacional semidecidual sob queimadas recorrentes). Os efeitos do fogo sobre a mortalidade de árvores podem alterar a composição e estrutura da vegetação, dependendo da intensidade, frequência e duração das queimadas. Monitoramos áreas de floresta sujeitas a diferentes frequências de fogo no Parque Estadual da Serra Azul, Barra do Garças, MT: 0,9 ha queimaram em 2007 (Q1) e 0,9 ha em 2005 e 2007 (Q2). A dinâmica foi referente ao intervalo médio de 2,02 anos, de forma que o primeiro levantamento (T1) ocorreu em outubro/2006-maio/2007 e o segundo levantamento (T2) em março/2009, considerando indivíduos com PAP ≥ 15 cm. A diversidade (H') e a riqueza de espécies (estimada por Jackknife) foram maiores em Q2, nos dois levantamentos. Ocorreu a diminuição significativa na densidade em Q1 e Q2, mas a proporção de indivíduos mortos foi maior em Q1. Os parâmetros da dinâmica baseados no número de indivíduos e na área basal não diferiram entre Q1 e Q2. O aumento da diversidade na área sujeita a maior frequência de queimadas pode ser explicada pela hipótese de distúrbio intermediário. Entretanto, apesar da mortalidade e recrutamento não terem diferido entre Q1 e Q2, as altas taxas de mudança, independentes da frequência do fogo, sugerem futuras alterações florísticas e estruturais na floresta, caso as queimadas continuem ocorrendo na área. Palavras-chave: dinâmica florestal, distúrbios, incêndios florestais, mortalidade ABSTRACT(Tree community dynamics in a semideciduous forest under recurrent fires). The effects of fire on tree mortality can change floristic and forest structure depending on intensity, frequency and the length of a fire. Areas of semideciduous forest in Parque Estadual da Serra Azul, Barra do Garças (MT, Brazil), exposed to different frequencies of fire, were monitored: 0.9 ha burned in 2007 (Q1) and 0.9 ha in 2005 and 2007 (Q2). The dynamics were based on the average interval of 2.02 years between T1 (outubro/2006-maio/2007) and T2 (March/2009), including individuals with PAP ≥ 15 cm. Diversity (H') and species richness (estimated by Jackknife) were higher in Q2, in both at T1 and T2. The decrease of tree density between surveys was significant for Q1 and Q2, but the proportion of deaths was higher in Q1. There were no differences in the dynamic parameters between Q1 and Q2 when considering both the number of individuals and basal area. The increase of diversity in Q2 may be partially explained by the hypothesis of intermediate disturbance. However, despite the absence of differences in recruitment and mortality between Q1 and Q2, the high turnover rates, independent of fire frequency, suggest future changes in the flora and structure of the forest if fire continues to be frequent in the area.

The shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora.

Most studies of the interactions between plants and gall-inducing (galling) insects have focused on the entomological aspects, few having addressed the diversity of galls in relation to the characteristics of the host plants. The objective of this study was to analyze the richness and composition of the community of host plants of galls in areas of cerrado (savanna) in the state of Goiás, Brazil. To that end, we inventoried the galls in different regions of the state and within various types of vegetation formations, between 2005 and 2007. We registered 80 gall morphotypes in 58 species of host plants (30 families and 47 genera). The host family with highest diversity of galls was Fabaceae, with 17 morphotypes, followed by Styracaceae, with seven. In the cerrado, Fabaceae is the plant family with the highest number of species. Our results show that the composition of a plant community is a determinant of the distribution of galling insects. At the family or genus level, the presence of certain taxa increases the species richness of the population of galling insects.

We present a floristic survey of the genus Tetrapterys (Malpighiaceae) from the Brazilian Midwest, including morphological descriptions, keys, comments on taxonomy and phenology, illustrations, and distribution maps for all species. Nine species were found in the studied area: T. ambigua, T. crispa, T. discolor, T. hassleriana, T. jussieuana, T. microphylla, T. mucronata, T. racemulosa, and T. ramiflora. The distribution of species shows a collection gap mostly in northern States of Mato Grosso and southeastern Mato Grosso do Sul. Only T. ambigua and T. ramiflora were found in all federal units within the Brazilian Midwest, and three species were recorded for just one, T. hassleriana and T. racemulosa in Mato Grosso do Sul, and T. microphylla in Goiás, restricted to the Chapada dos Veadeiros.

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