Sejarah telah menunjukkan bahwa Usaha Kecil dan Mikro (UKM) di Indonesia tetap eksis dan berkembang dengan adanya krisis ekonomi yang telah melanda negeri ini sejak tahun 1997, bahkan menjadi katup penyelamat bagi pemulihan ekonomi bangsa karena kemampuannya memberikan sumbangan yang cukup signifikan pada PDM maupun penyerapan tenaga kerja. Data tahun 2003 menunjukkan bahwa jumlah UKM secara nasional ada 42,4 juta dengan memberikan sumbangan terhadap PDB mencapai RP 1.013,5 triliun (56,7% dari total PDB) dan kemampuan penyerapan tenaga kerja sebesar 79 juta jiwa (BDS LPPM UNS, 2005).

AbstrakSejak tahun 2006, Departemen Kesehatan meluncurkan kebijakan program Desa Siaga. Tampaknya, kebijakan tersebut tidak mampu memberdayakan masyarakat dalam mengidentifikasi dan memecahkan masalah kesehatan pada level komunitas (desa). Penelitian ini bertujuan merumuskan model pemberdayaan masyarakat bidang kesehatan pada program Desa Siaga. Sasaran penelitian adalah Forum Kesehatan Desa dan Pos Kesehatan Desa Siaga di 30 desa di Kabupaten Karanganyar, Jawa Tengah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah survei dan studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kemampuan masyarakat dalam mengidentifikasi masalah kesehatan dan kemampuan masyarakat dalam memecahkan masalah kesehatan. Model pemberdayaan masyarakat bidang kesehatan meliputi kemampuan mengidentifikasi dan memecahkan masalah kesehatan. Faktor-faktor internal dan eksternal komunitas pada level anggota masyarakat, institusi masyarakat, kepemimpinan masyarakat, dan akses informasi kesehatan memiliki peran penting dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat bidang kesehatan.

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This study examines the relationship between family communication patterns (involving two dimensions of conversation and conformity) and the personal-social identity of adolescents. This study uses a survey technique involving 214 adolescents from intact families and single-parent families in one school in Bandung, by providing two scales of the Family Communication Pattern Revised (FCPR) from Ritchie and the scale of Social Identity-Personal Identity (SIPI) from Nario-Redmond. Data analysis to test three hypotheses in this study using Pearson product-moment correlation and regression analysis to find moderation of the measured variables. The findings indicate that the dimensions of the conversation are significantly positively related to social identity and personal identity. While the dimensions of conformity are negatively associated with social identity and positively associated with personal identity. After controlling for family status and sibling position in the family, the dimensions of conformity moderate significantly positive relationships between dimensions of conversation and social identity.

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: Mengetahui tingkat kinerja <em>(performance)</em> penyuluh pertanian, menganalisis pengaruh faktor individu penyuluh, faktor psikologi penyuluh, faktor organisasi penyuluh dan faktor lingkungan kerja penyuluh terhadap kinerja penyuluh pertanian dalam melaksanakan tugas pokoknya dan menemukan model pemberdayaan untuk meningkatkan kinerja penyuluh pertanian. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kinerja penyuluh pertanian rata-rata termasuk dalam kriteria tinggi yaitu sebesar 77,73 persen sedangkan uji hipotesa diperoleh nilai t_hitung sebesar 1355 dan t_tabel 2,01 sehingga (t_hitung &gt; t_tabel) yang di artikan bahwa secara bersama-sama faktor individu penyuluh, psikologi penyuluh, organisasi penyuluh dan lingkungan kerja penyuluh berpengaruh terhadap kinerja penyuluh pertanian. Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap tingkat kinerja penyuluh yaitu: Faktor individu (pengalaman penyuluh), faktor psikologi (persepsi penyuluh pertanian terhadap profesi penyuluh pertanian, sikap dan motivasi penyuluh pertanian), faktor organisasi (imbalan penyuluh pertanian) dan faktor lingkungan kerja (jumlah petani binaan dan interaksi penyuluh dengan petani binaan) sedangkan yang berpengaruh negatif signifiikan yaitu luas wilayah penyuluh pertanian. Penelitian ini menemukan model pemberdayaan untuk meningkatkan kinerja penyuluh yaitu dengan memperhatikan faktor individu penyuluh, psikologi, organisasi dan juga faktor lingkungan kerja penyuluh pertanian.</p><p><strong>Kata Kunci:</strong> Kinerja Penyuluh Pertanian, Individu, Psikologi, Organisasi, Lingkungan Kerja</p>

Globalization has mastered almost every area of life. Many people agree with the opinion that globalization Hasan impact either positively or negatively. On the other hand, Indonesia is undergoing asocial and cultural change on the anongoing basis, driven by innovation in science and opening of information from various sources. A wave of change is controlled by the level of technology in both soft and hard technology. As results, technology brings socio-cultural consequences of each. Global culture gave birth to the era of globalization and western culture over uphold rationality while the eastern culture tends to hold value sandreligioustraditions.These problems become opportunities and threats. The public mindset about quality educational afilterdeviceto the influence of foreign culture has not formed properly. There is adown ward trend appreciation and practice of local values as a filter system against the effects of liberalization in particular due to the negative impact of foreign culture.This paper seeks to examine the increased role of local culture in the influence of the liberalization of education as seen from the concept of the implementation of education, strengthening the school as a pillar of socio-cultural system, efforts to improve the education based on ICT, strengthening moral education, manners and character, and mentality, and strengthening education the identity and independence of the nation based on local wisdom.

Autism is one of the most complex developmental disorder in children. In the developing country, Autism is a new paradigm, it causes various problems in autism service especially in early detection. It is caused by several factors that interconnected, such as the low understanding of society about autism, the low public awareness about the importance of early detection of autistic children, and the less prioritized attention from the government. Expanding the accessibility of autism services through primary health care is needed to overcome those problems. One of the primary health care most relatable to mother and children is the Maternal and Child Health Center, or in Indonesia it is called "Posyandu" which is an acronym means Integrated service post. The services in Posyandu is not run by professionals such doctor nor midwife. Posyandu is a service-based community and society handled by "posyandu cadres". The aim of this study is to find out how far the possibility of posyandu could provide services for autistic children. The subjects involved in this study were 120 posyandu cadres and 15 parents of autistic children. The research method used is a survey. The results show the following data: 92% of Posyandu cadres did not know how to do early detection of autistic children, 87% said they did not know how to handle autistic children, and 87% of Posyandu cadres felt they still need additional knowledge about autism. While 87% of parents feel that posyandu cadres are not involved in the early detection of their children. At the same time, 93% of parents still hope Posyandu could provide better services for their autistic children. This indicates that the primary health care has not fully played a role for autistic children yet, and there is a need to increase autism services access through posyandu cadres.

One of the fundamental problems at the source of youthful reluctance to join the agricultural sector is the issue of identity. Unrealistic and negative views toward agriculture, increasing levels of education, and the existence stimulating opportunities in non-agricultural sectors have resulted in a situation that makes youths question previous assumptions about succession farming. This article discusses the identity gaps experienced by six young Indonesian farmers in developing and maintaining coherent identities within the framework of the communication theory of identity. This theoretical framework is used to explore the identity gaps among the identity layers of these young farmers in the situations they face and to understand the way they seek validation for their identity through self-verification. With the explanation approach, this article focuses on a discussion of how young farmers overcome the tensions they experience arising out of conflicts between expectations and reality. These conflicts show that there are identity gaps that must be negotiated by the youths while building their self-identity as farmers.