PendahuluanSeptember 2000, Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa menyepakati agenda pembangunan global yang dikenal dengan Milenium Development Goals (MDGs). MDGs merupakan paradigma pembangunan yang meliputi pengentasan kemiskinan dan pemberantasan kelaparan, pemberdayaan perempuan dan kesetaraan gender, pemberantasan buta huruf, pengurangan kematian anak, peningkatan kesehatan ibu, pemanfaatan dan pemeliharaan lingkungan yang berkesinambungan, pemberantasan penyakit HIV/AIDS dan penyakit menular lainnya, dan pengembangan kerja sama global untuk pembangunan. Dari delapan agenda tersebut ada satu agenda yang harus diselesaikan atau dituntaskan pada tahun 2015, yaitu pengentasan kemiskinan dan pemberantasan kelaparan. Ini artinya dalam jangka waktu 15 tahun setiap pemimpin negara siap mengatasi masalah kemiskinan dan kelaparan, sehingga tidak ada lagi warga atau masyarakat yang menderita masalah Keywords: Poverty alleviation, national program for community empowerment, poor community independency AbstrakKemiskinan menjadi isu global yang harus diatasi oleh setiap negara. Di Indonesia, penanganan masalah kemiskinan telah dilakukan oleh pemerintah melalui beberapa program, diantaranya adalah Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (PNPM). Program ini berjalan cukup lama sebelum akhirnya ditutup karena dianggap gagal dalam membangun kemandirian masyarakat miskin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menggali faktor penyebab kegagalannya. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan dengan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa kegagalan PNPM dalam membangun kemandirian masyarakat miskin disebabkan oleh dua faktor, yaitu buruknya kinerja fasilitator dan kesalahan stakeholders memahami tujuan PNPM. Buruknya kinerja fasilitator terlihat pada ketidak-patuhannya dalam menjalankan prosedur program, bekerja secara pragmatis dengan mengejar hasil, dan tidak menjalankan peran, tugas, dan fungsinya dengan baik. Sementara, kesalahan stakeholders memahami tujuan PNPM tampak pada pemilihan prioritas program yang tidak berpihak pada kepentingan masyarakat miskin.Kata kunci: Pengentasan kemiskinan, program nasional pemberdayaan masyarakat, kemandirian masyarakat miskin 1 Korespondensi penulis
The village is the governance structure at the bottom and directly in contact with the public. The village has the potential and assets that can be developed to build public welfare. Therefore, the village government has a strategic role in the economic empowerment of the community. The village government of Bleberan exploits the potential and assets for economic empowerment of communities through the development of tourism village. This study aims to assess the measures undertaken by the Bleberan village government in building a tourism village and its impact on the local economy. Research is conducted qualitatively by the method of collecting data through observation, interview, and documentation. In addition, the questionnaire is used to complete the data. Based on the research it is found that the construction of tourism village has done through the stages of village potential exploration, building a dream, forming a strategy, and taking action. Meanwhile, economic empowerment is done through awareness, provision of facilities, and training of skills. The result of the development of tourism village gives impact on work opportunities, increased income, and investment growth in the tourism business for the local community.
The problem of waste has become a big issue and requires a serious management. In some cities, this unsolvable problem results in new problems such as social conflict, damaged environment and disease onset. This research aimed to evaluate the waste management in Pakem, Tamanmartani, Kalasan, Sleman, Yogyakarta. This study was conducted using inductive phenomenological approach. The data collection was conducted using observation, interview, and documentation techniques. Techniques of validating data used were the extension of length of stay with the studied subject, participatory observation, and data testing with triangulation. Technique of analyzing data used was an interactive model of analysis. The result of research showed that firstly, shodaqoh concept could change the community's negative perspective on the presence of waste. Secondly, the waste manager appropriately would not only result in a clean and healthy environment but also improve the community's economy.
Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana manfaat daging buatan di dunia industri khususnya makanan dan bagaimana Islam menjawab serta menanggapi munculnya daging buatan sebagai penemuan yang menjadi alternatif baru dari para ilmuan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Data dikumpulkan dari berbagai buku, jurnal, berita, web dan media sosial. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah daging buatan memiliki manfaat bagi manusia terutama dalam dunia industri untuk memenuhi pasokan daging konvensional dan Islam menyatakan daging buatan halal jika bersumber dari hewan yang dilakukan proses penyembelihan serta hewan yang dianjurkan oleh Al-Qur’an seperti ikan dan belalang, kemudian Islam juga menghalalkan daging buatan yang berbahan vegan (nabati) seperti kacang-kacangan dan jamur. [This study talks about the Islamic view on the innovation of the artificial meat industry. The purpose of this study is to find out how the benefits of artificial meat in the industrial world, especially food and how Islam answers and responds to the emergence of artificial meat as a discovery that is a new alternative from scientists. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. Data is collected from various books, journals, news, web and social media. The conclusion of this study is that artificial meat has benefits for humans, especially in the industrial world to meet the supply of conventional meat and Islam states that artificial meat is halal if it comes from animals that are carried out by the slaughter process and animals recommended by the Qur'an such as fish and grasshoppers, then Islam also allows artificial meat made from vegan (pland- based) such as beans and mushrooms.]
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