Background In Russia, remote retail trade of over-the-counter (OTC) medicines was legalised. According to statistics as of April 2020, consumer demand in the categories of “online pharmacies” increased by 803%. Methods The study was conducted in two stages by cross-sectional method using a structured questionnaire in the central region of Russia: 1st stage - July-August 2020; 2nd stage - February-March 2021. The results of the study were obtained using qualitative (method of discussions in focus groups) and quantitative methods (survey) of sociological research, logical and statistical analysis. The representativeness of the data was ensured by a sufficient sample size including 1194 consumers (with confidence probability = 0.95 and confidence interval ≤ 0.05). Results The number of respondents fully supporting the legalisation of online trade in medicines increased. Consumer attitudes towards online commerce depend on the age group of the respondents. 1.5 times more respondents over 46 years (12.1%) are strongly against distance selling of medicines compared to survey participants aged 18 to 25 years (7.8%). Six months after the first survey, no respondent strongly opposed the sale of prescription medicines through the internet, whereas in the first survey half of consumers held this view. The percentage of respondents who considered pharmaceutical counselling when purchasing medicines online as extremely important decreased by a factor of 4 over time (10.9%) M (08.2020) = 3.66 (0.992); M (03. 2021) = 3.17 (0.981) t = 7.66 (p < 0.05). Consumers consider accessibility for people with disabilities (80.3%) to be the most significant advantage of distance selling medicines. Conclusion Consumer demand for the purchase of medicines online will grow as this type of sale has undeniable advantages. However, some risks remain when buying medicines online.

The article aims at analyzing the impact of leadership technologies and emotional intellect within the motivation systems in educational organizations in the EU and CIS countries on employee effectiveness in online learning environments. During research implementation, it has been also identified the direct relationship be-tween these technologies and profitability of these organizations. The research has shown that the issue of effective motivation and incentive system which would ensure a real professional development for the employees of educational organizations and makes the organization a leading one is of rather in-depth conceptual character and needs development of an adequate employee strategy by using more contemporary methods of influencing them. The achieved results are unique and can be used within the study of the issues related to online learning and motivation as of employees of educational organizations, so as employees in overall in their professional activity.

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The article describes the possibilities of mobile learning to implement the innovative educational concept of Smart Classroom. To increase the effectiveness of international partnerships and to develop opportunities for creating innovative projects in relevant socio-economic areas, an online forum "Engineering of educational courses in the medical and pharmaceutical industry" was held. Proficonf videoconferencing system made it possible to organize five online meetings on digital technologies in the training of modern pharmaceutical personnel within the concept of "Smart Classroom". The study results show that under digital transformation of the educational paradigm, it is advisable to consider a curriculum development strategy in the university ("Smart Campus"). Based on the study results, one can conclude that implementing the concept of "Smart Classroom" allows one to improve teaching methods and interaction between students at all stages of international educational relations.   Keywords: digital technology, mobile learning, Smart Classroom, Smart Environment, Smart Technology, student interaction.

Objective: Inclusive education aims to offer comprehensive collaborative education to healthy and disabled children. The purpose of the study is to perform a comparative analysis of the learning results in healthy and disabled children from different groups with those who study remotely, and a similar analysis between students of higher education institutions. Methods: The study was conducted in 2018–19 in Moscow, Russia, involving 150 students with disabilities and 397 healthy students. Consideration was given to academic performance, psychophysical development and speech development. Results and Discussion: Among students with healthcare nosologies, students with vision impairments are considered the most promising. The number of underachievers is 4.9 times lower than their peers (p 0.001).The greatest success in e-learning was among students with health nosologies relative to a similar group of children. Conclusions: The number of outstanding students in the group with visual impairments exceeds those in the control group by 1.5 times (p≤0.05). Of the students with health nosologies, the most promising group is visually impaired students. High academic performance of students with visual impairments and disordered motor activity provides them with the opportunity to practice comprehensive education at universities, including inclusive education, which corresponds to current worldwide trends. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.801-808

This work is aimed to compare the effectiveness of parenteral and inhalation bronchial asthma treatment in combination with glucocorticosteroids and bronchodilators. The study was conducted in 2020 in Botkin City Clinical Hospital (Moscow, the Russian Federation). Case histories of 106 patients diagnosed with bronchial asthma exacerbation of moderate severity were analyzed. Patients were divided into two equal groups based on the therapy method: (1) Group 1 received systemic glucocorticosteroids parenterally in combination with inhalation glucocorticosteroids; (2) Group 2 received systemic glucocorticosteroids parenterally, but inhalation therapy was performed with a nebulizer. Clinical manifestations of bronchial asthma have been recorded. During hospital admission, the breath rate was 22.0 for Group 1 and 21.5 for Group 2, P ≥ 0.05, and heart rates were 93.0 and 92.5, respectively (P ≥ 0.05). All indices (blood saturation, breath rate, peak output rate) in Group 1 remained unchanged 4 h after the start of the therapy, while in Group 2, peak flow rate changed to 53.5% with a median increase of 72.0 ml over 4 h, P ≤ 0.05. On Day 3, patients of Group 1 demonstrated a peak flow rate of 59.5%, P ≤ 0.05, and on Day 10, patients of Group 2 had a peak output rate of 53.0 and 59.5%, respectively (P ≤ 0.05). Systemic glucocorticoids were eliminated in 47 patients of Group 1 and in all patients of Group 2. The treatment tactics applied in Group 2 resulted in faster and more significant improvement in patients diagnosed with bronchial asthma exacerbation. Both treatment regimens showed high results.

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