Relevance. The state of dysbiosis and bacterial vaginosis (BV) is characterized by the formation of both systemic and local immune deficiency, which corresponds to the increase in the number of pathogenic microbiota. It is necessary to study the state of non-specific factors of cellular and humoral resistance in the development of bacterial dysbiosis and BV.
Objectives – to determine the state of nonspecific immunity in bacterial dysbiosis and BV on CD16-cells, as well as indicators in the blood and vaginal fluid phagocyte leukocytes activity (PhLA) and the content of the components of complement C3 and C4.
Material and methods. Data from 298 women were divided into groups according to index of pathogenic microbiota condition (IPMC) and the pathogenic microbiota indicator (PMI): normocenosis (n=53), dysbiosis I (n=128) and II degree (n=117), among the last allocated 83 patients with PMI>1 lg gE/sample, which was installed BV. Molecular genetic studies of posterolateral wall of the vagina epithelium scrapings was performed by polymerase chain reaction. Quantitatively determined by facultative and obligate anaerobic bacteria, myco- and ureaplasma, yeast-like fungi. Quantification of the cells CD16+ was performed using erythrocyte diagnosticum (LTD Granum, Ukraine). Traditional immunological methods determined by the PhLA, and components of complement C3 and C4 in blood and vaginal fluid. For statistical and regression analysis used the software Statistica 10 (StatSoft, Inc., USA).
Results. With the progression of dysbiosis has been an increase in the level of blood CD16-cells, which reached maximum at dysbiosis II degree (by 1.1-1.2 times; p≤0,005). With an increase in dysbiosis shows the formation of the phagocytosis failure, which was more common to BV and took place both at systemic and local levels (reducing the umbilical cord blood is 2.5 times 5.4 times in vaginal fluid). The complement components content were varied in the same way in the blood and vaginal fluid – increases in dysbiosis I degree and decreased with dysbiosis II degree, maximum degree, – in BV (C3 – 1.6 times in the blood and 5.0 times in vaginal secretions; p<0.001). Changes of the examined parameters was more pronounced at the local level, which contributed to the BV development.
Conclusions. With the progression of bacterial dysbiosis formed the insufficiency of non-specific immunity both at the system level and locally. Changes of the studied indicators in vaginal secretions was more pronounced, which contributed to the development of BV.
Experimental studies were carried out to investigate the neuroprotective effects of delta sleep-inducing peptide in animals with cerebral ischemia induced by bilateral compression of both carotid arteries, and to compare the efficacy of this peptide with that of MK-801. These studies led to the conclusion that the peptide had pronounced anti-ischemic effects, which were evident within 24 h and consisted of reductions in the severity of postural abnormalities in rats with bilateral cerebral ischemia, along with a reduction in lethality. Comparison of the efficacies of peptide and MK-801 showed the peptide to have the greater neuroprotective effect. These results are regarded as providing an experimental basis for using the peptide as a therapeutic agent in patients with stroke.
The relevance of the research is associated with an increasing interest to the ethical role both in social life and in business management. Some experts and analysts suggest that if organizations have a high ethical level they can reach significant results and prosperity, whereas those with a low ethical level are prone to regression, stagnation or ultimate failure. In the medical staff survey questionnaire, we have used English scholar's profile following the principle of «right-wrong answers». It includes 15 typical business-like situations describing a problem of ethical norm choice in professional activities. The survey enrolled 121 people from three different medical organizations: PHC (Primary Health Centre), Military medics and Regional Laboratory Centre doctors. Each team included both male and female doctors, and also only female nurses. Data showed a high ethical level in Military medics' team who followed the rules and orders with the ethical deductions. Ethical analysis of medical staff based on the gender dimension revealed women to be more ethically oriented than men. Training and ethical behavior improving should be an inherent part of medical staff development both in medical organizations and during skill improvement courses and training. The issues of ethical conduct and developing ethical skills of medical staff should be introduced in academic curricula of post-graduate studies for both doctors and nurses.
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