Distance learning (DL) is a completely new and unique form of education, which got forced to switch to by the current pandemic of coronavirus disease. Note that until now, distance learning technologies have been used at the department of general and clinical pathological physiology and some other departments of the Odessa National Medical University (ONMedU). The aim of this analytical article is to analyze the efficacy of ONMedU General and Clinical Pathological Physiology Department staff during the one and a half year period of the coronavirus infection pandemic with an accent to psychological approach to students modified teaching. The urgent need of time and the primary desire to protect students and their own lives during 2020-2021 requires us to improve our own pedagogical approaches in the further on-line teaching of students. We see success in systematic methodological work with students, the implementation of which will make it possible to evoke and increase their motivation to study histology. The importance of this methodological technique, supported in the senior years of medical universities by the integration of teaching theoretical and clinical disciplines, the approximation of teaching to specific clinical cases will help optimize the assimilation of morphological knowledge by students at least and, undoubtedly, in the near future will lead to a better assimilation of clinical disciplines. In connection with the ideas of individualized and developmental learning, the use of psychological capabilities of learning tools in the virtual environment brings both pedagogy and psychology to a new level of understanding the mediation of mental, creative, communicative and executive learning and learning activities. The use of distance learning helps the students to acquire skills of independent work, creates comfortable conditions for creativity, increases the creative and intellectual potential of the student through self-organization, the ability to interact with computer technology and make responsible decisions, creates favorable conditions for individual creative expression in the process of learning, for the development of the student's personality. The authors are convinced that the optimization and improvement of the educational process in medical universities is to draw students' attention to the problems that the medical community is dealing with on a daily basis today.

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Метою дослідження була оцінка досвіду ранньої інкрементальної мобілізації практиці нейрореабілітації при ішемічному інсульті.Дослідження проведене впродовж 2016-2019 рр в stroke unit'і Центру реконструктивної та відновної медицини (Університетської клініки) Одеського національного медичного університету. У дослідженні прийняли участь 228 пацієнтів з ішемічним інсультом, яким виконували різні види інкрементальної мобілізації починаючи з 2-ї доби після настання інсульту.Для пасивної вертикалізації використовували поворотний стіл Enraf Nonius (Нідерланди) у стандартній комплектації, для активно-пасивної апаратної вертикалізаціїстендер Easy Stand (Німеччина). Для активно-пасивної мануальної вертикалізації також використовувалися пейсери (задньоупорні ходунки) Rifton, стандартні ходунки (Zimmer frame) та ролатори.Ефективність лікування оцінювали за змінами NIHSS, BI (Bartell index), RMI (Rivermead Mobility Index), субшкалою мобільності STREAM (Mobility Subscale of the Stroke Rehabilitation Assessment of Movement) на момент надходження та виписки, додатково оцінювали динаміку показників за шкалами RMI, STREAM та CGI-I через три місяці.Середній бал за NIHSS на момент надходження склав 12,1±0,7 балів. Ознаки помірного когнітивного дефіциту зустрічалися у 69 (30,3%) хворих, середня оцінка за шкалою MMSE склав 23,8±1,1 балів.При оцінці вихідних параметрів за шкалами BI, RMI та STREAM на момент початку лікування було визначено суттєве зниження реабілітаційного потенціалу. Так у більшості пацієнтів індекс Бартел не перевишував 65 балів (в середньому 54,3±1,2 балів), а RMI та STREAM складали відповідно 2,8±0,2 балів та 66,7±2,7 балів. Середній термін перебування у стаціонарі складав 12,8±1,2 днів. Найбільш часто фокус ішемії локалізувався у басейні середньої мозкової артерії (68,0%), рідше реєструвалися ураження у басейнах задньої мозкової артерії та вертебро-базилярном басейні (21,1%) та передньої мозкової артерії (20,9%). У 62 (27,2%) пацієнтів відзначалися лакунарні інфаркти.Всі 228 (100,0%) пацієнтів проходили етап пасивної вертикалізації, в том числі 65 (28,5%) -апаратної на поворотному столі. У 58 (25,4%) пацієнтів застосовувалася активно-пасивна апаратна вертикалізація на стендері, у 177 (77,6%) -мануальна активно-пасивна вертикалізація. У 146 (64,0%) пацієнтів була застосована активна вертикалізація.Показано, що інкрементальна мобілізація виявилася відносно безпечною процедурою, при якій ризики добре керуються, та яка забезпечує покращання функціональних результатів реабілітації. Найбільший ризик виникнення ускладнень притаманний методу пасивної апаратної вертикалізації. За шкалами RMI та STREAM показники у хворих, що перенесли ГПМК, були сталими та демонстрували тенденцію до зростання функціональних резервіввідповідно 9,1±0,2 балів та 87±3 балів. ВІ збільшився до 81±5 балів. CGI-I через три місяці складала в середньому 2,9±0,2 балів, незалежно від застосованого методу інкреметальної мобілізації. Для профілактики ускладнень та побічних ефектів вертикалізації доцільно ретельно оцінювати клінічний статус пацієнтів при н...

The aim of the study was to Doppler sonography study of the structural and functional state of head magistral arteries (HMA) and cerebral arteries in the patients with various forms of migraine. Materials and methods: We conducted the clinical Doppler examination of 124 young patients (18-45 years old), including 55 men and 69 women in the conditions of the clinical base of the Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education in 2017-2019. The criteria for involvement of patients in the study were: migraine without aura (group 1 – 63 patients), migraine with aura (group 2 – 61 patients) The control group consisted of 45 patients of the corresponding gender and age. The condition of HMA and cerebral arteries was studied using the ultrasound device. Results: The presence of extravasal compressions of vertebral arteries (VA) is typical for the patients with migraine, as well as for some cases of the hypoplasia of the VA in the group of the patients with migraine with aura. In the patients with migraine with aura, there was a decrease in the velocity values in the extracranial VA segments. The velocity values in the external carotid arteries (ECA) were slightly reduced in both groups. The most significant were the changes in the hemodynamics in the middle cerebral arteries (MCA), which were manifested by the pattern of the excessive perfusion in the patients of the migraine without aura and the pattern of the hampered perfusion in the MCA in the patients of the migraine with aura. Conclusions: 1. In the patients with migraine with aura, a decrease in the velocity values in the extracranial segments of the VA was observed, in some cases combined with the hypoplasia of the vertebral artery, the hampered perfusion in middle cerebral arteries. 2. The excessive perfusion in middle cerebral arteries is the most critical hemodynamic pattern in the patients with migraine without aura. 3. The extravasal compression of vertebral arteries, combined with the hyperperfusion in posterior cerebral arteries, is a typical hemodynamic pattern both in the group of the patients with migraine with aura, and in the group of the patients with migraine without aura.

In the article, the authors substantiate the methods of treatment of the most common cause of symptomatic epilepsy in adults, namely traumatic and ischemic. The complexity of treatment is the need to take into account the location and magnitude of brain damage, the severity of the pathological process, risk factors for the most symptomatic epilepsy, the presence of comorbid pathology. Also, the large number of side effects from taking antiepileptic drugs, encourages the discovery of new treatments.A method of treating post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE), in which, in addition to standard anticonvulsant therapy, other drugs were prescribed, such as: ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate, nootropic heptapeptide ACTH 4-10, Magnerot, ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate, Semax 0.1% solution.Fifteen patients with PTE and 19 patients with post-stroke epilepsy (PIE) were examined. In the process of examination of patients with PTE, the main neurological syndromes that accompany epilepsy are identified and are often combined with each other. At PIE in the anamnesis all patients had various cardiovascular pathology: cerebral atherosclerosis, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, etc.During treatment, in addition to controlling seizures, the number of complaints of cephalgia decreased, the signs of clinical depression and subjective experiences decreased.

Post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) is a formidable and frequent consequence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the long term. 41 patients with PTE were examined, mostly men of working age. The time of formation of PTE after was 14.3 ± 1.4 months, which decreased depending on the severity of brain injury, the average frequency of seizures was 2.93 ± 0.8

Brain vascular pathology is one of the leading causes of mortality, the main cause of disability and life quality decrease throughout the world. Ukraine demonstrate a steady tendency to increase the prevalence and incidence of cerebrovascular pathology over the past 10—15 years, especially chronic progressive forms. Oxidative stress is one of the leading ischemic brain damage cause. To suppress it the main modern approaches in cerebrovascular pathology pharmacological treatment search are connected. The use of the antioxidant 2-ethyl- 6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine succinate as a pathogenetically necessary agent in conditions of ischemic brain damage during bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries in rats in order to study the eff ectiveness of therapy is experimentally substantiated in the article. 4 groups of animals were used in experimental conditions. Rats motor activity in the "open fi eld" test, trembling and stiff ness, a "humpiness" symptom, muscular activity and neurological status were determined on the 2nd, 5th, 7th, 14th and 28th days of the experimental trials. Rats after reproducing ischemia of the brain showed hypokinesia, discoordination, muscle rigidity, severe neurological defi ciency. Mexicor administered in doses of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg contributed to a dose-dependent decreasing of the studied indexes. The eff ectiveness of using mexicor signifi cantly exceeded the results obtained in the group without treatment. A dose-dependent eff ect was recorded with a signifi cant diff erence with increasing dosage. Thus, behavioral, muscular, coordinative and neurological correlates of chronic cerebral ischemia induced by carotid arteries occlusion gone during 14—28 days in conditions of mexicor efficacy. The experimental results obtained are the background for a clinical examinations further series of patients with chronic cerebral ischemia using Mexicor as one of the components of ischemic brain damage complex pathogenetically based pharmacocorrection. Key words: experimental ischemia, 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine succinate, pathogenetic treatment, ischemic brain damage pharmacocorrection

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