No abstract

New cultured ornamental fish namely Lake Kurumoi rainbowfish Melanotaenia parva (Allen) run into reduced of colour performances when reared in the aquaria, consequently, fish feed must be added with carotenoids as a pigment source. The aim of this study was to evaluate the digestibility, growth and pigmentation of astaxanthin, canthaxanthin and lutein in diet. Apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of dry matter, lipid, protein, carotenoids, growth and pigmentation were studied in twenty fish after 14 and 56 days of observation. The single‐dose supplementation of 100 mg/kg of astaxanthin, canthaxanthin, or lutein diets on fish was fed by apparent satiation. The basal diet without carotenoids was used as control. The result showed that the ADC of carotenoids of test diets was higher compared to control. Fish fed astaxanthin diet had higher survival rate (96.67 ± 2.89%), colour measurements of lightness (57.60 ± 7.46%), a*‐values (4.66 ± 1.20), total carotenoids content in skin (33.75 ± 5.02 mg/kg) and muscle (2.16 ± 0.74 mg/kg). Astaxanthin also increased the growth after 14 days (2.00% ± 0.19%/days) but there was no significantly different at the end of experiment. The yellowish‐orange colour performance was more rapidly achieved by fish fed astaxanthin diet after 28 days experimentation. These values suggested that dietary carotenoids were required and astaxanthin diet was superior to other diets for skin pigmentation of Lake Kurumoi rainbowfish.

<p>Larva rearing is one of the efforts to increase white shrimp <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em> seed quality.  This study was conducted to determine effect of  rearing density on the quality and productivity of white shrimp larvae in cage system. The tested rearing densities were 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 ind/m²and cultured for 28 days.  The result showed that rearing density did not affect survival rate and coefficient of variation of shrimp length. The treatmentonly affected the shrimp larvae growthwhere 500 ind/m² rearing density gave the best growth.</p> <p>Keywords: white shrimp, larva, rearing density, net cage</p> <p> </p> <p>ABSTRAK</p> <p>Penokolan merupakan salah satu usaha untuk meningkatkan kualitas benih udang vaname (<em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em>). Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh padat tebar terhadap kualitas dan produktivitas pemeliharaan larva udang vaname di hapa. Padat tebar yang diuji meliputi 500 ,1000, 1500  dan 2000 ekor/m²selama 28 hari pemeliharaan.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa padat tebar tidak mempengaruhi kelangsungan hidup dan koefisien keragaman panjang udang, dan hanya mempengaruhi pertumbuhan. Kepadatan 500 ekor/m²menghasilkan pertumbuhan terbaik.</p> <p>Kata kunci: vaname, larva, kepadatan, hapa</p>

<p class="NoParagraphStyle" align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p class="NoParagraphStyle" align="center"> </p><p class="NoParagraphStyle">This research was aimed to evaluate the role of fish meal from different raw materials in improving growth performance of sangkuriang catfish <em>Clarias </em>sp. The source of raw materials used were derived from trash fish, salted fish, and head fish eal. Fish reared for 44 days and were given feed test three times per day at 08.00, 12.00, and 16.00. Biomass weight of the experimental fish used were 38.49±1.61 g. The fish reared on the aquarium of 60x50x40 cm³ and by using recirculation system. The results showed that fish meal derived from trash fish provide the best result for feed consumption, daily growth rate, absolute length, biomass, retention of protein, retention of fat, feed efficiency, feed conversion (P&gt;0.05). However, it does not significantly different on the survival of fish (P&gt;0.05). The data showed that the use of trash fish meal resulted on the best growth performance of sangkuriang catfish. It was indicated that the trash-fish meal might be used as the main protein source of sangkuriang catfish feed.</p><p class="NoParagraphStyle" align="center"> </p><p class="NoParagraphStyle">Keywords: catfish, growth, at satiation, fish meal</p><p class="NoParagraphStyle"> </p><p class="NoParagraphStyle"> </p><p class="NoParagraphStyle" align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p class="NoParagraphStyle" align="center"> </p><p class="NoParagraphStyle">Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pakan uji yang menggunakan sumber tepung ikan dari bahan baku berbeda dalam meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan lele sangkuriang <em>Clarias</em> sp. Sumber tepung ikan yang digunakan berasal dari ikan rucah, ikan asin, dan kepala ikan, yang memiliki umum digunakan sebagai salah satu bahan baku pakan lokal. Ikan diberi pakan <em>at satiation</em> selama 44 hari dengan frekuensi tiga kali sehari, yaitu pada pukul 08.00, 12.00, dan 16.00. Biomassa rata-rata ikan uji yang digunakan adalah 38,49±1,61 g. Ikan dipelihara dalam akuarium berukuran 60x50x40 cm³ dan dengan menerapkan sistem resirkulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tepung ikan yang berasal dari ikan rucah mampu memberikan hasil terbaik dalam meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan ikan uji. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh nilai kinerja pertumbuhan seperti jumlah konsumsi pakan, laju pertumbuhan harian, panjang mutlak, biomassa, retensi protein, retensi lemak, efisiensi pemberian pakan, dan konversi pakan yang menunjukkan perbedaan nyata (P&lt;0,05). Namun, tidak terjadi perbedaan pada kelangsungan hidup ikan (P&gt;0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan tepung ikan rucah menghasilkan pertumbuhan terbaik sebagai sumber protein utama pada pakan ikan lele sangkuriang.</p><p class="NoParagraphStyle"> </p><p class="NoParagraphStyle">Kata kunci : ikan lele, pertumbuhan, <em>at satiation</em>, tepung ikan</p><p> </p>

<p>This study was aimed to determine the immersion dose of recombinant giant grouper growth hormone (rElGH) to increase growth of eel juvenile (glass eel). After shock salinity treatment (NaCl 3% for 2 min), glass eel were immersed in water containing 0.9% NaCl, 0.01% bovine serum albumin, and different of dose of rElGH (0, 0.12, 1.2, 12 and 120 mg/L). Glass eel were fed on blood worm for the first month, and commercial diet for the second month of rearing. Fish rearing was performed in 60 L glass aquarium at density of 150 fish per aquarium. The results showed that higher in growth body weight was obtained in immersion dose of 12 mg/L, by increment of about 37.4% higher compared to that of control. The immersion dose of 12 mg/L also increased specific growth rate by 29.3% higher (p&lt;0.05) compared to control. Furthermore, at that immersion treatment, feed conversion ratio of blood worm and commercial diet decreased by 33.7% and 25.6% compared to control, respectively. Protein (7.15±0.08%) and lipid (9.95±0.10%) retentions in 12 mg/L rElGH-treated fish were higher (p&lt;0.05) than those of control (protein 6.17±0.07%; lipid 5.73±0.06%). Lower in protein content (12.73%), while higher content in lipid (8.35%) and crude carbohydrate (3.22%) were found in 12 mg/L rElGH-treated fish compared to those of control (13.24%, 5.90%, and 1.76%, respectively). Thus, in general, rElGH immersion dose of 12 mg/L could generate high performances of eel juvenile, and application of rElGH can be useful to increase aquaculture eel production.</p><p>Keywords: immersion dose, growth hormone, growth, glass eel</p>

This study was conducted to study growth performance of catfish (Clarias gariepinus) in bioflocbased super intensive culture added Bacillus sp. cells addition. Biofloc cultured in separated aquarium (100 L) was used as source of inocula for cultivation for C. gariepinus (average body weight of 2.3±0.12 g fishG 1

<p>This study was conducted to analyze the production of freshwater Spirulina sp. cultured with photoperiod manipulation treatment. In this study, photoperiod manipulation treatment performed on cultured spirulina using fiber tanks (100 L). Spirulina was grown with different photoperiod (bright/T and dark/G) that are six hours per day (6T-18G), 12 hours per day (12T-12G), 18 hours per day (18T-6G), and 24 hours per day (24L-0G). The parameters were observed include dry biomass, population density (N), specific growth rate (SGR), doubling time (G), proximate analysis, and water quality. The results of this study showed that the optimum population density was achieved on day-3 days of cultured, and manipulation photoperiod showed no significant effect to the dry biomass harvest and population density, but significantly affect the specific growth rate and doubling time. Treatment of lighting 12, 18 and 24 hours per day to produce the maximum specific growth rate (0,345 to 0,366 per day) and a maximum doubling time (1,89 to 2,01 days) were not significantly different, whereas the old treatment six hours per day lighting showed the lowest maximum growth rate (0,323 per day) and highest doubling time (2,15 days). At treatment of lighting 12 hours per day, relatively higher protein content (39,73%) than others. In conclusion, the lighting 12 hours per day resulted in optimum production efficiency than other treatments.<br /><br />Keywords: Spirulina sp., photoperiod, density, biomass, growth, nutrition value.</p><p> </p><p><strong>ABSTRAK</strong><br /><br />Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis produksi spirulina Spirulina sp. air tawar yang dikultur dengan manipulasi fotoperiode.  Dalam penelitian ini, spirulina dikultur dalam wadah fiber 100 L dengan perlakuan fotoperiode (terang/T dan gelap/G) berbeda, yaitu enam jam per hari (6T-18G), 12 jam per hari (12T-12G), 18 jam per hari (18T-6G), dan 24 jam per hari (24T-0G). Parameter yang diamati meliputi biomassa kering, kepadatan populasi (N), laju pertumbuhan spesifik (SGR), waktu penggandaan (G), dan analisis proksimat sprirulina, serta kualitas air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepadatan populasi optimum dicapai pada hari ke-3 umur kultur dan manipulasi fotoperiode tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap hasil biomassa kering dan kepadatan populasi, namun secara nyata mempengaruhi laju pertumbuhan dan waktu penggandaan. Perlakuan pencahayaan 12, 18 dan 24 jam per hari menghasilkan laju pertumbuhan spesifik maksimum (0,345 sampai dengan 0,366 per hari) dan waktu penggandaan maksimum (1,89 sampai dengan 2,01 hari) yang tidak berbeda nyata, sedangkan perlakuan pencahayaan enam jam per hari menunjukkan laju pertumbuhan maksimum terendah (0.323 per hari) dan waktu penggandaan tertinggi (2,15 hari). Pada perlakuan pencahayaan 12 jam per hari, kandungan protein relatif lebih tinggi (39,73%) dari yang lain. Secara umum dapat disimpulkan bahwa  pencahayaan 12 jam per hari menghasilkan efisiensi produksi yang lebih baik daripada perlakuan lainnya.<br /><br />Key word: Spirulina sp., fotoperiode, kepadatan, biomassa, pertumbuhan, kandungan nutrisi.<br /></p>

Study on white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) production in biocrete pond in different density was performed at PT. Bimasena Segara, Citarate, Sukabumi, West Java. Six ponds were used and devided into 2 groups based the density levels, i.e., 72-73 shrimp/m 2 and 93-105 shrimp/m 2 . Experiment was done for 100 days, including pond preparation. The results of study showed that mean weight of shrimp reared in biocrete pond was ranged from 9.64 to 12.34 gram, survival rate 26.97-99.58%, productivity 3,078-8,340.9 kg/ha, feed quantity 2,084.5-2,870.4 kg and FCR 1.19-2.60. Ponds with lower rearing density had lower (P<0.1) productivity, mean weight, survival and FCR compared to those of higher rearing density. Keywords: Litopenaeus vannamei, biocrete pond, rearing density ABSTRAKPenelitian mengenai produksi udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) di tambak biocrete dengan padat penebaran berbeda telah dilakukan di tambak PT. Bimasena Segara, Citarate, Sukabumi, Jawa Barat menggunakan 6 petak tambak yang dibedakan menjadi 2 kelompok berdasarkan padat tebar udang yang selanjutnya menjadi perlakuan, yaitu : 72-73 ekor/m 2 dan 93-105 ekor/m 2 . Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 100 hari termasuk persiapan tambak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan abhwa bobot rata-rata udang yang dipelihara di tambak biocrete berkisar antara 9,64-12,34 g, kelangsungan hidup berkisar antara 26,97-99,58%, produktivitas berkisar antara 3078,7-8340,9 kg/ha, jumlah pakan yang diberikan berkisar antara 2084,5-2870,4 kg dan FCR berkisar antara 1,19-2,60. Petak dengan kepadatan rendah memiliki nilai produktivitas, bobot rata-rata, kelangsungan hidup dan konversi pakan (FCR) berbeda nyata (P < 0,1) dan lebih baik dibanding dengan yang berkepadatan tinggi. Kata kunci : Litopenaeus vannamei, tambak biocrete, padat tebar PENDAHULUANProduksi tinggi merupakan tujuan dari budidaya udang secara intensif untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pasar akan udang. Salah satu ciri budidaya intensif adalah padat penebaran yang tinggi. Padat penebaran udang yang dibudidayakan berpengaruh terhadap kebutuhan pakan, ruang gerak dan oksigen, yang selanjutnya akan berpengaruh terhadap kualitas media pemeliharaan, pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup udang.Udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) merupakan udang alternatif selain udang windu (Penaeus monodon) yang dapat dibudidayakan secara intensif. Udang vannamei memiliki keunggulan yaitu dapat tumbuh secepat udang windu (3 g/minggu), dapat dibudidayakan pada kisaran salinitas yang lebar (0,5-45 ppt), kebutuhan protein yang lebih rendah (20-35%) dibanding udang windu dan stylirostris, mampu mengkonversi pakan dengan lebih baik (FCR 1,2-1,6) serta dapat ditebar dengan kepadatan tinggi hingga lebih dari 150 ekor/m 2 (Briggs et al., 2004). Aquacoop dalam Strumer et al (1992) menyatakan bahwa udang vanname dapat ditebar dengan kepadatan 50-200 ekor/m 2 .