AbstrakTuntutan kemampuan siswa dalam matematika tidak sekedar memiliki kemampuan berhitung saja, akan tetapi mampu menggunakannya dalam pemecahan masalah sehari-hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan literasi matematis siswa kelas XI SMAN 1 Kediri. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 6 siswa dari 26 total siswa dalam 1 kelas. Penelitian ini memperhatikan faktor kemampuan awal matematis siswa (KAM). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, 19% siswa tergolong kategori KAM tinggi dapat menyelesaikan soal rutin, menginterpretasikan masalah dan menyelesaikannya dengan rumus, melaksanakan prosedur dengan baik, mampu untuk mengatasi situasi yang kompleks serta menggunakan penalarannya dalam menyelesaikan masalah, serta siswa mampu bekerja secara efektif serta menginterpretasikan representasi yang berbeda kemudian menghubungkannya dengan dunia nyata (Level 4).Siswa yang tergolong kategori KAM sedang (66%)dapat menyelesaikan soal rutin, menginterpretasikan masalah dan menyelesaikannya dengan rumus, serta melaksanakan prosedur dengan baik (Level 3). Siswa dengan kategori KAM rendah (15%) hanya mampu menyelesaikan soal rutin (level 1).Kata Kunci: Kemampuan awal matematis, kemampuan literasi matematis, deskriptif kualitatif. Analysis of Mathematical Literacy Ability of Students  AbstractDemands on the ability of students in mathematics cannot just have the ability to count alone, but they can use it in solving everyday problems. This study aims to analyze the mathematical literacy ability of students at grade XI of SMAN 1 Kediri. The research method used was descriptive qualitative. The research subjects consisted of 6 students from 26 total students in 1 class. This study pays attention to the student's initial mathematical ability (IMA) factor. Based on the results of the study, 19% students who had high IMA could solve routine problems, interpreted problems and solved them with formulas, carried out procedures well, we're able to overcome complex situations and used reasoning in problem-solving, and they were able to work effectively and interpreted representations that were different then connected it to the real world (Level 4). Students who had medium IMA (66%) were able to solve routine problems, interpreted problems and solved them with formulas, and carried out procedures well (Level 3). While students who had low IMA (15%) were only able to solve routine problems (level 1).Keyword:

The genus Megalocytivirus in the family Iridoviridae encompasses isolates of red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV) and grouper sleepy disease iridovirus (GSDIV). In the present study, humpback grouper Cromileptes altivelis juveniles were challenged with GSDIV after vaccination with a commercial RSIV vaccine. The unvaccinated group (in duplicate) showed higher mortalities (59.3 to 66.7%) than the vaccination group (0% mortalitiy, in duplicate). Surviving fish in the vaccinated group displayed masses of enlarged cells in the spleen. Electron microscopy revealed that they contained hemosiderin granules within the cytoplasm. In contrast, moribund fish from the unvaccinated group exhibited large numbers of inclusion body-bearing cells (IBCs) in the spleen, while surviving fish displayed masses of enlarged cells in which a small number of GSDIV virions were assembled. KEY WORDS: Humpback grouper · Cromileptes altivelis · Commercial RSIV vaccine · Grouper sleepy disease iridovirus · Enlarged cells Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 79: [163][164][165][166][167][168] 2008 Chua et , Matsuoka et al. 1996, Danayadol et al. 1997, Kasornchandra & Khongpradit 1997, Chou et al. 1998, Jung & Oh 2000, Chao et al. 2002, Sano et al. 2002, Sudthongkong et al. 2002b, Weng et al. 2002, Chen et al. 2003, GibsonKueh et al. 2003, Shi et al. 2004. A diagnostic feature of megalocytivirus disease is the formation of inclusion body-bearing cells (IBCs) as well as necrotized cells, both of which are observed as enlarged cells by light microscopy (Miyazaki 2007).Recently, a commercialized formalin-inactivated RSIV vaccine has been shown to be highly efficient in protecting vaccinated red sea bream Pagrus major and other cultured marine fishes against RSIV disease (RSIVD) (Nakajima et al. 1997. However, the ultrastructural features of fish vaccinated against megalocytivirus were not investigated.In order to compare histopathological changes in unvaccinated, surviving fish after challenge with GSDIV with changes in surviving fish after being vaccinated and challenged with GSDIV, we undertook vaccination trials using a commercialized formalininactivated RSIV vaccine 'Biken' (The Research Foundation for Microbial Diseases of Osaka University, Kagawa, Japan). The present study describes the results of the vaccination test and ultrastructural features of the enlarged cells that developed in surviving fish of the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups. MATERIALS AND METHODSExperimental fish. For vaccination experiments, a total of 120 humpback grouper (mean body weight, 5 g) were obtained from a fish breeder in Bali Island. Ten samples of these were examined by PCR assay using a primer set for SJNNV (striped jack nervous necrosis virus) (Nishizawa et al. 1994) and for Pst I restriction fragment of RSIV genomic DNA (Kurita et al. 1998), and all were negative for the presence of NNV (nervous necrosis virus: Betanodavirus) and megalocytivirus.Virus stock. The GSDIV stock used in the experiment...

This research aimed to describe the thinking process of students in solving the system of linear equations based on Polya stages. This study was a descriptive qualitative research involving six Year 10 students who are selected based on the teacher's advice and the initial mathematical ability categories, namely: (1) Students with low initial mathematics ability, (2) Students with moderate initial mathematics ability, and ( 3) students with high initial mathematics ability categories. The results indicated that students with low initial mathematical ability category were only able to solve the two-variable linear equation system problems. Students in the medium category of initial mathematics ability and students in the category of high initial mathematics ability were able to solve the problem in the form of a system of linear equations of two variables and a system of three-variable linear equations. However, students found it challenging to solve problems with complicated or unusual words or languages.

Tiram mutiara merupakan salah satu komoditas andalan dalam budidaya laut. Masalah utama yang dihadapi adalah pasok benih baik kuantitas maupun kualitas. Upaya perbaikan dilakukan dengan perkawinan silang antar varietas tiram dengan tujuan untuk memperbaiki kualitas benih Tiram Mutiara (Pinctada maxima) baik secara fenotip maupun genotip. Induk yang disilangkan secara resiprokal mempunyai karakter nacre putih (P) dan kuning (K) baik populasi Bali maupun Maluku. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persilangan dua populasi tersebut menghasilkan tiga varietas yaitu: varietas I (K x P), varietas II (K x K) dan varietas III (P x K). Nilai SR pada fase pediveliger dari ketiga varietas menghasilkan sintasan berturut-turut 65%, 59%, dan 45%. Pertumbuhan varietas III menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang cukup baik dengan kisaran panjang cangkang 3,0-4,5 cm pada umur dua bulan pemeliharaan. Analisis genetik dengan RAPD-DNA menunjukkan bahwa induk-induk yang berhasil memijah mempunyai variasi genetik 0,3755; 0,3938; dan 0,1600. Sedangkan turunan F1 mempunyai variasi genetik lebih rendah yaitu: 0,2738; 0,2667; dan 0,0924.

The purpose of this research is to describe the student’s statistical thinking ability in understanding statistical data. The statistical thinking consists of the following four indicators: (a) ability to describe data; (b) ability to organize and reduce data; (c) ability to represent data; and (d) ability to analyse and interpret data. This research uses a qualitative approach with a phenomenological method. Subject in this research were eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 3 Lingsar. Data collection techniques by providing evaluation tests statistical thinking abilities and interviews. The results of this research showed that 4.2% of students had high statistical thinking ability, 25% of students had medium statistical ability, and 70.8% of students had low statistical thinking ability. So that, can be concluded the statistical thinking ability of students is in the low category. Student achievement in each indicator of statistical thinking ability is detailed as follows: (a) students ability to describe data is in the medium category; (b) students ability to organize and reduce is in the low category; (c) students’ ability to represent data is in the medium category; and (d) Students’ ability to analyse and interpret data is in the low category.

Study on white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) production in biocrete pond in different density was performed at PT. Bimasena Segara, Citarate, Sukabumi, West Java. Six ponds were used and devided into 2 groups based the density levels, i.e., 72-73 shrimp/m 2 and 93-105 shrimp/m 2 . Experiment was done for 100 days, including pond preparation. The results of study showed that mean weight of shrimp reared in biocrete pond was ranged from 9.64 to 12.34 gram, survival rate 26.97-99.58%, productivity 3,078-8,340.9 kg/ha, feed quantity 2,084.5-2,870.4 kg and FCR 1.19-2.60. Ponds with lower rearing density had lower (P<0.1) productivity, mean weight, survival and FCR compared to those of higher rearing density. Keywords: Litopenaeus vannamei, biocrete pond, rearing density ABSTRAKPenelitian mengenai produksi udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) di tambak biocrete dengan padat penebaran berbeda telah dilakukan di tambak PT. Bimasena Segara, Citarate, Sukabumi, Jawa Barat menggunakan 6 petak tambak yang dibedakan menjadi 2 kelompok berdasarkan padat tebar udang yang selanjutnya menjadi perlakuan, yaitu : 72-73 ekor/m 2 dan 93-105 ekor/m 2 . Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 100 hari termasuk persiapan tambak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan abhwa bobot rata-rata udang yang dipelihara di tambak biocrete berkisar antara 9,64-12,34 g, kelangsungan hidup berkisar antara 26,97-99,58%, produktivitas berkisar antara 3078,7-8340,9 kg/ha, jumlah pakan yang diberikan berkisar antara 2084,5-2870,4 kg dan FCR berkisar antara 1,19-2,60. Petak dengan kepadatan rendah memiliki nilai produktivitas, bobot rata-rata, kelangsungan hidup dan konversi pakan (FCR) berbeda nyata (P < 0,1) dan lebih baik dibanding dengan yang berkepadatan tinggi. Kata kunci : Litopenaeus vannamei, tambak biocrete, padat tebar PENDAHULUANProduksi tinggi merupakan tujuan dari budidaya udang secara intensif untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pasar akan udang. Salah satu ciri budidaya intensif adalah padat penebaran yang tinggi. Padat penebaran udang yang dibudidayakan berpengaruh terhadap kebutuhan pakan, ruang gerak dan oksigen, yang selanjutnya akan berpengaruh terhadap kualitas media pemeliharaan, pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup udang.Udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) merupakan udang alternatif selain udang windu (Penaeus monodon) yang dapat dibudidayakan secara intensif. Udang vannamei memiliki keunggulan yaitu dapat tumbuh secepat udang windu (3 g/minggu), dapat dibudidayakan pada kisaran salinitas yang lebar (0,5-45 ppt), kebutuhan protein yang lebih rendah (20-35%) dibanding udang windu dan stylirostris, mampu mengkonversi pakan dengan lebih baik (FCR 1,2-1,6) serta dapat ditebar dengan kepadatan tinggi hingga lebih dari 150 ekor/m 2 (Briggs et al., 2004). Aquacoop dalam Strumer et al (1992) menyatakan bahwa udang vanname dapat ditebar dengan kepadatan 50-200 ekor/m 2 .

Fluctuating asymmetry has been widely used as a measure of developmental stability and as an indicator of individual fish growth. The present study compared fluctuating asymmetry in three bilateral meristic traits of F-1 hybrid between female Epinephelus fuscoguttatus and male Epinephelus polyphekadion and two F-1 pure parental progenies. The fishes were reared by communal and separate tank systems. Hybrids were confirmed by allozymes electrophoresis. After three months of rearing, the F-1 hybrids fish grew faster 45.9% and 66.6% compare to the F-1 pure parental progenies of E. fuscoguttatus and E. polyphekadion (P<005) respectively. Development stability as measured by fluctuating asymmetry was lower in hybrid (20%-40%) than in the pure parental progenies (53%-80%). Among four enzyme loci examined, only Pgm locus showed variants and at that locus all hybrids fish were heterozygous. Heterozygous hybrids showed lower fluctuating asymmetry and related to higher developmental stability. The higher developmental stability positively reflected a faster growth rate. Thus this finding can be used to explain the reason that why hybrids groupers appeared grew faster than parental species.

The Covid-19 virus became the beginning of a change in the face of the world, one of the sectors affected was the education sector. The government through the Ministry of Education and Culture gave a new policy in the form of distance learning. Students carry out learning from home but are still under the supervision of the teacher. Online communication is one of the keys to keep the educational program running well. Therefore, this becomes a new problem where teachers are required to provide interesting learning materials and in accordance with the characteristics of students. Currently, there are many online media platforms that can be used in learning, one of which is YouTube. YouTube is a social media or video sharing website where there are several categories in video groupings such as entertainment, sports, education, and so on. By utilizing this YouTube application as a learning medium, it can improve the quality of learning.