The purpose of this research is to create a model of the discharge as the impact of climate change due to global warming. The study was conducted using data from the Bangga watershed. Monthly water balance model used is the development of a model FJ. Mock by entering the natural phenomena that occur at this time such as climate change, canopy interception, rainfall distribution based on land use, soil type and soil characteristics. Calibration of water balance is used to determine the performance of the models to variations in climate change. Then, analysis is conducted as the effect of rain and temperature on runoff at river Bangga. The conclusion of this research were: 1) Accuracy of discharge simulation models against observed discharge is quite good, which is characterized by the Nash coefficient (Ns) close to one except for a few periods and annual rainfall runoff ratio (RE) approaches one. 2) Changes in rainfall have a considerable influence on the runoff, while the effect of temperature on runoff is not too significant.
This study intended to illustrate the distribution of surface run-off. The methodology was by using Kineros model (kinetic run-off and erosion model). This model is a part of AGWA program which is as the development of ESRI ArcView SIG software that is as a tool for analysing hydrological phenomena in research about watershed simulating the process of infiltration, run-off depth, and erosion in a watershed of small scale such as ≤100 km 2 . The procedures are as follow: to analyse the run-off depth in Brantas sub-watershed, Klojen District by using Kineros model based on the land use change due to the rainfall simulation with the return period of 2 years, 5 years, 10 years, and 25 years. Results show that the difference of land use affect the surface run-off or there is the correlation between land use and surface run-off depth. The maximum surface run-off depth in the year 2000 was 134.26 mm; in 2005 it was 139.36 mm; and in 2010 it was 142.76 mm. There was no significant difference between Kineros model and observation in field, the relative error was only 9.09%.
Tuban Regency which has an important role as a supplier of irrigation water needs on agricultural lands. The objective of this study was to hydrochemically characterize of water from karst springs used as a source of irrigation water. The hydrochemical characterization carried out included the substance identification of the chemical type of water and the appraisal of its quality as an irrigation water source. The chemical type of water was determined by using the Piper trilinear diagram. The feasibility of water quality for irrigation was assessed based on potential salinity hazards and potential alkalinity hazards. Based on the results of this study it can be shown that the hydrochemical characteristics of water from karst springs in the study area were chemical type of Ca 2+ -Mg 2+ -HCO3 -, medium salinity hazard potential, and low alkalinity hazard potential. All water from karst springs in the study area are water with good quality for irrigation.
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