This study intended to illustrate the distribution of surface run-off. The methodology was by using Kineros model (kinetic run-off and erosion model). This model is a part of AGWA program which is as the development of ESRI ArcView SIG software that is as a tool for analysing hydrological phenomena in research about watershed simulating the process of infiltration, run-off depth, and erosion in a watershed of small scale such as ≤100 km 2 . The procedures are as follow: to analyse the run-off depth in Brantas sub-watershed, Klojen District by using Kineros model based on the land use change due to the rainfall simulation with the return period of 2 years, 5 years, 10 years, and 25 years. Results show that the difference of land use affect the surface run-off or there is the correlation between land use and surface run-off depth. The maximum surface run-off depth in the year 2000 was 134.26 mm; in 2005 it was 139.36 mm; and in 2010 it was 142.76 mm. There was no significant difference between Kineros model and observation in field, the relative error was only 9.09%.
This research studies the hydraulic behavior and the problem solving alternatives of original until final design, and the most effective stilling basin and downstream regulator channel for decreasing back water from the upstream water level in the dam foot. The methodology consists of physical modeling in the Laboratory of River and Swamp, Department of Water Resources, Faculty of Engineering, University of Brawijaya. The methods include the USBR for the hydraulic analysis, the Hind's formulation for the side channel analysis, the energy equation by analyzing the standard step for the transition and the chute way analysis, and the USBR type III for designing the stilling basin. A square cross-section with the Manning coefficient of 0.40 is used for determining the control of the Tail Water Level (TWL) and a trapezoidal crosssection with the Manning coefficient of 0.39 is used for the final design. However, the equation of Schotlisch and Veronise is used for the local scouring analysis. The result of Model Test and analysis indicates that there are some differences among the analysis in every point of the building. Therefore, the relative error is needed to know how big the error in the comparison result.
Flow conditions on overflow systems can result in construction failure, mainly due to the high flow energy. Stilling basin at downstream of the spillway is useful for reducing flow energy. It can reduce the destructive force of water flow. Controlling the hydraulic jump is an important part that includes the jump’s energy, length, and height. The physical hydraulic model was carried out with several series, by making a series of bottom lowering of horizontal and USBR II stilling basin. The experimental study is expected to represent flow behavior in the overflow system regarding flow conditions and energy dissipation. Based on the analytical calculation of flow velocity, the amount of flow energy that occurs at each control point is calculated. The control points are the starting point of the spillway, the chute way toe, and flow depth after the hydraulic jump. The energy loss can be calculated for each control point, while the efficiency of energy dissipation on stilling basin is calculated at the downstream flow depth after the hydraulic jump. Velocity calculated by dividing discharge per unit width by water depth which is based on the flow depth measurement data in the hydraulic model.
This research studies about the hydraulic performance and and the problem solving alternatives of spillway design at Fila Tukutaha Dam, Alor District Indonesia. Flow water passing over the spillway of a dam typically has a large amount of energy, must be dissipated safely before the floodwaters rejoin to the natural river system. Therefore, energy dissipation takes place at the downstream end of the chuteway. The stilling basin at the end of the chute way is commonly used to dissipate energy from the spillway and slow the water velocity to protect the downstream river channel from erosion and damage. The methodology of experiment consists of physical modeling in the Hydraulic and
This paper presents the hydraulic flow system in a fishway to simulate the flow of a pool-type fishway. A fishway is a waterway to allow some fish species to pass by a human-made obstruction in a river or stream. The construction on the river, which has no fishway, will impact the river ecosystem balance. The purpose of this research is to give an alternative to reduce negative effect on the river ecosystem because of the obstruction. The velocimeter and the flow type in fishway must be able to be passed by the fish. In a kind of the pool-type fishway, there is an orifice in the bottom that has a potential supercritical flow before it becomes subcritical flow. The purpose of this experiment is to identify the surge in the pools of the fishway. The physical model of the pool-type fishway in Sembayat Barrage, Gresik was created to analyse the hydraulic condition of the flow in the fishway structure. The velocity has a greater value than the permissible velocity of the fish, and thus several fishways are not able to function optimally because the fish refuse to swim through the fishway. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the velocity can be reduced by adding baffles at the downstream part of the orifice.
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