Background: Evidence from observational studies suggests that a greater intake of ultra-processed foods during pregnancy is associated with a higher chance of obesity, increased gestational weight gain, and neonatal adiposity. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a nutritional intervention based on encouraging the consumption of unprocessed and minimally processed foods and the practice of physical activities for appropriate weight gain in overweight, adult, pregnant women. Additionally, the effect of the intervention on pregnancy outcomes, neonatal adiposity, and the child's weight and height will be investigated.Methods: This is a two-armed parallel randomized controlled trial that will be conducted at primary health units in Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. Adult pregnant women who are overweight and receiving prenatal care in the public health system will be included. The women will be randomly allocated into control (standard care) or intervention groups. Those enrolled in the intervention group will participate in three individualized nutritional counselling sessions based on encouraging the consumption of unprocessed and minimally processed foods and the practice of physical activities. The recruitment of the participants will be carried out at seven health facilities over 12 months, with a sample of 300 women expected. Maternal anthropometric, sociodemographic, blood pressure, biochemical, and lifestyle data will be obtained at baseline (up to the 16th week of gestation), and during a second assessment (34th to 36th gestational week). The neonate body composition will be estimated after birth, and data on pregnancy outcomes, weight and height of children at 6, 12 and 24 months of age will be further obtained from medical records.

Purpose This study aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of a nutritional counselling intervention based on encouraging the consumption of unprocessed and minimally processed foods, rather than ultra-processed products, and the practice of physical activities to prevent excessive gestational weight gain in overweight pregnant women. Methods This was a two-armed, parallel, randomized controlled trial conducted in primary health units of a Brazilian municipality from 2018 to 2021. Overweight, adult pregnant women (n = 350) were randomly assigned to control (CG) or intervention groups (IG). The intervention consisted of three individualized nutritional counselling sessions based on encouraging the consumption of unprocessed and minimally processed foods rather than ultra-processed products, following the NOVA food classification system, and the practice of physical activities. The primary outcome was the proportion of women whose weekly gestational weight gain (GWG) exceeded the Institute of Medicine guidelines. Adjusted logistic regression models were employed. Results Complete data on weight gain were available for 121 women of the IG and 139 of the CG. In modified intentionto-treat analysis, there was a lower chance of the IG women having excessive GWG [OR 0.56 (95% CI 0.32, 0.98), p = .04], when compared to the CG. No between-group differences were observed for the other maternal outcomes investigated. Conclusion The present study was unprecedented in demonstrating that nutritional counselling based on the NOVA food classification system, together with encouraging the practice of physical activity, is effective in preventing excessive weight gain in overweight pregnant women. Trial registration Registered on July 30th 2018 at Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (RBR-2w9bhc).

The objectives of the study were to analyze the consumption of food offered in a school canteen and its influence on the nutritional status of the children and to verify the adequacy of the types of products sold conforming to the legislation and current recommendations. A total of 42 students, aged 6 to 12 from a private school, were analyzed. The types of food sold in the school canteen and the actual consumption of the children in the place were also evaluated. The nutritional status was obtained through the Body Mass Index (BMI). About the students, 41.5% were overweight, 32.1% were girls and 61.5% were boys also, 70.7% of the total children consume in the canteen every day, among boys with such a habit, 75% presented among the girls, the indices were 42.8%. Boys, despite being overweight, had a higher intake of healthy foods than girls. Few meals sold in the canteen were in accordance with the legislation, standing out only the fruit juice and the salted baked goods. The absence of legislation for all types of educational institutions and at the national level makes it more difficult to control the offer of products in canteens, particularly private schools. It is necessary to raise awareness of all the elements involved in infant feeding, aiming at nutritional education and healthy eating.

ResumoO objetivo deste estudo foi verificar o estado nutricional através da coleta de dados antropométricos e do padrão alimentar de idosos fisicamente ativos em um município no interior do estado de São Paulo. Participaram 31 idosos, sendo 22 mulheres e nove homens. As variáveis estudadas referentes à composição corpórea foram: IMC, peso atual e ideal, adequação da circunferência muscular do braço (CMB), percentual de gordura, circunferência da cintura e da panturrilha. Em relação ao padrão alimentar, foram analisados o consumo de água, energia, cálcio e fibras, além da adequação dos macronutrientes. As médias dos valores de IMC, peso atual, CMB e circunferência da panturrilha não apresentaram diferença estatística do padrão considerado adequado pela literatura em ambos os sexos. O valor médio referente ao percentual de gordura feminino (38,76% ± 4,07%) e o valor referente à circunferência da cintura do mesmo sexo (87,36 ± 9,84) foram superiores ao valor considerado adequado. A média do consumo de energia para ambos os gêneros foi abaixo do recomendado, com relevância estatística (p < 0,0001). Apesar do consumo deficiente de calorias, a adequação dos macronutrientes se mostrou dentro do padrão. O consumo de água, cálcio e fibras para ambos os sexos se mostrou inferior ao adequado na literatura com relevância estatística (p = 0,0001). Os resultados sugerem que a correção dos hábitos alimentares e a prescrição de atividades físicas em intensidade adequada para essa população são de suma importância para melhorar o estado nutricional e evitar, assim, a incidência de problemas futuros.Palavras-chave: Estado Nutricional. Antropometria. Qualidade de Vida. Alimentação. Saúde do Idoso.

Introdução: As taxas de obesidade têm aumentado em todo o mundo, sendo atualmente essacondição reconhecida como a principal causa evitável de vários tipos de câncer. Objetivo:Portanto, procurou-se realizar um levantamento das características clínicas que relacionam aobesidade e os diferentes tipos de câncer, entre os anos de 2017 e 2020. Materiais e Métodos:Revisão integrativa da literatura, com buscas de evidências nas bases de dados PubMed, Scieloe LILACS, cuja questão norteadora foi: “Qual a sobre a influência da obesidade em relaçãoaos diferentes tipos de câncer?”. Resultados e Conclusões: Foram identificados 32 artigos,dos quais 8 foram selecionados. A gordura corporal foi enfatizada como um fator de grandeimpacto no desenvolvimento de neoplasias. Os dados sugerem que quatro em 10 tipos decâncer são evitáveis por meio de mudanças no comportamento e padrão alimentar do indivíduo.Estudos epidemiológicos têm mostrado uma forte ligação entre o fator dietético e a incidênciae prognóstico do câncer. Considerando que a dieta e o exercício físico são fatores modificáveis,os projetos e as intervenções nos cuidados primários são essenciais para a prevenção da doença.O entendimento dos mecanismos biológicos explica como um comportamento saudávelpromove melhorias, destacando-se a importância da disseminação da informação àspopulações de risco e na implementação de estratégias que ajudem os pacientes a fazer escolhasmelhores e mais saudáveis.

Introdução: Transtornos alimentares são definidos como doenças psicossomáticas resultantes de uma relação conflituosa do indivíduo com a comida. Objetivo: Investigar o comportamento alimentar e avaliar a percepção e a satisfação com a imagem corporal de mães de pacientes com transtornos alimentares. Metodologia: Trata-se de pesquisa quantitativa, realizada em serviço especializado no interior de São Paulo. Os métodos utilizados foram Recordatório de 24 horas, o teste “Como está sua Alimentação”, o EAT- 26 e a Escala de Figuras de Silhuetas. Participaram do estudo 13 mães, das 18 pacientes atendidas pelo programa. Resultados: O EAT-26 foi negativo, com 17,23 pontos, o teste “Como está sua Alimentação” mostrou a média de 38,85 pontos. Em relação à imagem corporal, notou-se insatisfação por parte das mães. Discussão: As mães apresentam insatisfação com a imagem corporal, apesar de não apresentarem comportamentos alimentares semelhantes aos hábitos de pacientes com o transtorno. Conclusão: Poucos estudos foram realizados avaliando o comportamento alimentar de mães de pacientes com transtornos alimentares, portanto é necessário realizar mais pesquisas envolvendo esse aspecto. É necessária a participação da família no tratamento para que este seja bem-sucedido.DOI: 10.12957/demetra.2018.33822

Objectives: to conduct the semantic validation of the images and text in educational material about eating and lifestyle for overweight women in different stages of pregnancy. Methods: qualitative, descriptive, analytical, cross-sectional study with focus groups for adapting and semantically validating the messages and images of educational material for women in three moments of the pre-natal period, as well as the support scripts for healthcare providers. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ – Portuguese acronym) were considered. Results: participants of this study were seven pregnant women aged 21 to 40 who were in pre-natal care and 17 nutritionists aged 25 to 51. The folder was validated over seven meetings with the focus group, with one-week intervals between the groups. For each folder there were at least two meetings with focus groups, and one meeting for each script. The language was adjusted for the messages, and two images were changed to improve the self-identification of pregnant women. Technical and didactic adaptations were suggested for the scripts. Conclusion: images and text were semantically adapted; the instrument is easy to use in primary and secondary healthcare, providing support for pregnant women and healthcare providers on the subject of eating habits and lifestyle for overweight women in different stages of pregnancy.

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