Publikácia je výstupom z grantového projektu VEGA č. 1/0748/21 s názvom Lexikogenetický potenciál mediálneho politického diskurzu o kríze.
The presented article deals with the translation of verbs of perception from French into Slovak in the novel Passing Timeby M. Butor. The focus, in particular, is on the numerous Slovak prefix equivalents of these French non-prefixed verbs. The main goal is the analysis of their meanings. We will observe how the prefix, in addition to changing the imperfect form into the perfect one, modifies the meaning of the basic verb of perception and thus fulfils its lexical-perfective function. We assume that most of the initial non-prefixed verbs in the French source language will be in the compound past tense - passé composé. The partial goal of the research is to find out which prefixes are the most productive in terms of verbal word formation by prefixing. We have found out that in the majority of cases, the prefix not only fulfils a grammatical function, but also has a lexical function that significantly modifies the meaning of the basic non-prefixed verb. For example, it enriches the verb with the meanings of the beginning of the action.
Current research on interculturality in foreign language teaching focuses on the development of the intercultural personality of the learner based on his social representations. In this context, the introduction of crime fiction in French foreign language teaching makes it possible to take the complexity of the human personality more efficiently into account when developing the intercultural competence of the learner. Based on a thematic analysis of the novel Derrière les panneaux il y a des hommes (Behind the Panels There Are Men) by Joseph Incardona, which aims at highlighting the references to French culture in the text, and from a linear analysis centered on the characters and their complex personalities, the article proposes to apply the cultural and intercultural approaches of language didactics to literature. In this way, in order to develop cultural competence, the learners first learn to identify the cultural clues referring to French society in the text. Then, they learn to adopt a positive attitude of openness towards others through the characters of the novel to develop their intercultural competence.
The paper deals with grammatical interference in the formation of the passive voice in French by Slavic native speakers. In Slavic languages, which are mostly of a flexive type, the passive voice holds a particular position. The specificity of its use lies in the lower frequency of the passive in comparison with the active voice, as well as in a different degree of variability of passive structures. How can these specificities lead to negative transfer in the utterances of Slavic native speakers in French? The study is a contribution to the verification of the hypothesis on the correlation between the typology of languages in contact and the typology of forms of linguistic interference, putting forward arguments in favour of a possible adaptation of the grammatical interference typology of Weinreich in a particular linguistic context.
Abstract:The paper presents results of synchronous contrastive study of fifteen most frequent Slovak full verbs and their french equivalents by the method of corpus analysis aimed at observation and comparison of their valency potential in relation to their semantic structure. The inventory of valency structures of Slovak verbs and their french equivalents shows not only differences, but also, to a great extent, identical semantic-syntactic connectivities. The main apport of the study lies in the contrastive research perspective and the interdisciplinary character on the crossroads of grammar, semantics, syntax, cognitive and corpus linguistics. findings can be of use to linguists, terminologists, lexicographers, authors of textbooks and grammars, translators and interpreters, as well as to frenchspeaking learners of Slovak and Slovak students of french.
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