Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre o impacto dos sistemas de memória de tradução na sala de aula de ensino de tradução. Foram utilizados textos jurídico-administrativos como insumo à atividade tradutória dos alunos de um curso de graduação em tradução no eixo inglês-português. As atividades foram realizadas com o aporte do sistema Wordfast Classic 6.13. Os dados coletados revelam que as memórias de tradução, quando não sujeitas à reflexão do tradutor-aprendiz, podem afetar negativamente a sua tomada de decisão.
O presente artigo reporta um conjunto de três estudos orientados ao processo e baseados em rastreamento ocular, cujo objetivo é explorar a tarefa de (re)tradução em três pares linguísticos diferentes (espanhol-português, francês-português e inglês-português). Estes estudos basearam-se em um design de tarefa exigindo potencial atenção aos três textos que serviram de estímulo, a saber: um texto-fonte e duas traduções previamente publicadas do mesmo, com o objetivo de gerar um quarto texto, uma nova tradução. Os resultados apontam para mais amplas transições do texto-fonte ao texto-meta, e vice-versa, como sendo o fluxo de atenção mais frequente, com ocasionais desvios para as traduções prévias para a solução de problemas de compreensão ou produção durante o ato de produção da tradução. O resultado de tais estudos e a descrição pioneira do processo de (re)tradução sob condições experimentais pode contribuir para a pesquisa do processo tradutório ao franquear evidência de como os participantes lidam com diversos estímulos em sua produção do texto-meta.
The quality of state-of-the-art machine translation systems have prompted a number of scholars to tap into the readiness of such systems for “literary” translation. However, studies on literary machine translation have not overtly stated what they consider as literature and mistakenly assume that literary translation is a matter of transferring meaning and/or form from one language into another. By approaching literature as art and literary translation as an artistic work of re-creation, we counterpoint, in this article, the notion that literary machine translation can be seen as an indisputable evolution within translation technology. Ethical concerns may well be utilitarian in studies to date, but by advocating for a deontological approach, we consider that aesthetical value, cultural mediation (which includes the use of paratexts), and authorship of literary translation (should) rank higher in our ethical assessments of the feasibility and actual contributions of literary machine translation.
This article analyzes data generated by the combined use of keylogging and eye tracking to examine grammatical (de)metaphorization as a case of explicitation/implicitation (Steiner 2001). It also aims at investigating effortful text production from the perspective of automaticity and monitoring in the translation process (Tirkkonen-Condit 2005). Brazilian and German physicists and professional translators were recruited to translate one of two versions of an English (L2) source text into Brazilian Portuguese or German, respectively (L1). The versions differed in the level of grammatical metaphoricity of the sentences. Quantitative and qualitative data was analyzed to determine the impact of metaphoricity level on target text renditions as evidence of effort in the translation process. Results showed that regardless of which of the two versions was translated, most subjects opted for a particular wording from the start of their text production process; subsequent changes had to do with attempting more delicate choices in lexis rather than in grammar, evidence in favor of Tirkkonen-Condit’s claims about automatism in the translation process. Variables used to measure effort (i.e., number of renditions in microunits, pause duration, and drafting time) indicated that (de)metaphorization is an effortful procedure. Eye tracking, eliciting more fine-grained data, was instrumental in mapping instances of grammatical (de)metaphorization. The results have implications for issues related to the development of professional competence in translation, suggesting that instances of grammatical (de)metaphorization relate to higher levels of monitoring.
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