RESUMO:Com a divulgação da lista das espécies medicinais pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA), de acordo com a Resolução RDC N o 10, de 09 de março de 2010, o uso dessas plantas passa a ter a chancela oficial do órgão governamental regulamentando seu uso e, em consequência disso, ter sua demanda bastante aumentada. A obtenção desses materiais adquire então grande importância, uma vez que haverá a necessidade de se produzir essas plantas. Com o objetivo de se avaliar a situação das pesquisas agronômicas com essas espécies, particularmente as de ocorrência na Mata Atlântica, foi feito um levantamento do número de publicações a partir dos nomes científicos, na base de dados eletrônica CAB Abstract, de 1990 a 2011. A pesquisa mostrou que o número de publicações por espécie varia de 2 a 1129, sendo que as espécies com maior número de artigos são aquelas já cultivadas como alimentícias. Das 66 espécies listadas, 36 são exóticas, 24 são da Mata Atlântica e 6 são nativas de outros biomas. Dentre as espécies da Mata Atlântica, foram excluídas as ruderais, frutíferas e arbóreas, devido à maioria dos trabalhos na área agronômica estarem relacionados ao manejo, controle ou produção de frutos e não ao seu cultivo sobre o ponto de vista medicinal. A única exceção foi a espécie medicinal arbórea Maytenus ilicifolia. Assim, foram selecionadas 16 espécies, as quais tiveram as publicações divididas em quatro áreas: Agronomia; Fitoquímica, Ensaios biológicos e Outros. Nesta pesquisa foi possível identificar que 32% dos artigos publicados são agronômicos, área que apresenta menos publicações do que a área de atividade biológica, que tem 40% das publicações, e a área de fitoquimica tem 20% das publicações. Estes resultados mostram que os pesquisadores estão atentos à importância das pesquisas agronômicas com plantas medicinais, mas que se faz necessário realizar trabalhos de domesticação das espécies selvagens e de fitotecnia com as espécies menos estudadas, para viabilizar o cultivo, a conservação dos recursos genéticos vegetais e do meio ambiente. Palavras-chave: Plantas nativas, pesquisas, cultivo, domesticação de espécies, conservação ABSTRACT: Agronomic research of Atlantic Forest medicinal plants regulated by ANVISA.With the release of the list of medicinal plants by Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA), according to RDC N o 10, March, 9th , 2010, the use of these plants is replaced by the official seal from the government regulator, in consequence, have greatly increased their demand. The production of these materials then acquires a great importance, as there will be a need to produce these plants. Aiming to assess the status of agronomic research on these species, particularly the species which occur in Atlantic Forest, a survey was made of publications from the scientific names in the CAB Abstract electronic database, ranging from 1990 to 2011 . The survey showed that the number of publications varies from 2 to 1129, and the species with the largest number of articles are those already cultiv...

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According to the World Health Organization, the use of mineral fertilizers and pesticides should be avoided in the cultivation of medicinal plants due to their potential antagonistic actions. Brugmansia spp. is a perennial bush native to South America, but it is also cultivated in Europe, Central America, and Asia due to its ornamental characteristics. Aerial parts of this plant are used in ethnomedicine to alleviate ulcers and pain, as well as to treat abscesses, fungal infection of the skin, and dermatitis. Tropane alkaloids scopolamine and atropine are recognized as active principles of this plant. This study evaluated the applicability of organic agricultural techniques in the cultivation of Brugmansia suaveolens. The influence of different dosages (0-60 tons/ha) of organic fertilizer on the mass productivity of plant shoot as well as their atropine and scopolamine contents were investigated. The average dry matter of leaves (26.54±5.12-55.41±12.85 g) and stems (26.73±8.51-58.60±17.62 g) per plant increased with increasingly availability of organic fertilizer (0-60 ton/ha). The same behavior was observed when the contents of the active tropane alkaloids scopolamine (0.72±0.03-0.86±0.13 mg/g) and atropine (0.79±0.03-0.96±0.11 mg/g) were monitored by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometer. Overall, the treatment at the maximum level tested in this work (60 ton/ha) should be preferred over the other treatments. B. suaveolens could be a potential source of tropane alkaloids for the community of Botucatu city, which is a leading city in Brazil for the cultivation of food products under organic, biodynamic, and agroecology premises.

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Asian populations, as well as other traditional peoples and communities who settled in the region, such as fishermen, riverside dwellers, rubber tappers, Brazil nut pickers, babassu coconut breakers, extractivists, and small farmers among others. Given this complex sociocultural and environmental diversity, it is impossible to identify a single Amazonian dietary culture.The isolated study of edible plants is not enough to construct an overview on the Amazonian dietary culture, as it is related to other foods of animal and mineral extraction; objects used for farming, hunting, and preparing food; and mythologies, in addition to cultural and social practices. The traditional agricultural system of the Rio Negro, declared a cultural heritage of Brazil, demonstrates how complex these dietary practices are and how they involve several social, cultural, and environmental factors (Emperaire 2010).For a long time, Amazonian biodiversity has been exploited with an extractive approach, as in the economic cycles of the sertão drugs, or the Brazil nut and rubber trees. These Amazônia was known through a fetishized or exotic lens by the rest of the world through the eyes of the foreign travellers and naturalists. In addition to the domesticated and cultivated Amazon species that have been brought to the rest of the world, many edible Amazon species are used only by local populations and remain unknown to the rest of the world.Open markets in small and large Amazonian cities are an important showcase to know this edible biodiversity and constitute an important center for agricultural diversity and exchange of germplasm among the local population (Emperaire and Eloy 2008). Some of the most noteworthy markets are the Ver-o-Peso and the market of the 25 de Setembro street in Belém, Pará; the Elias Mansur Market in Rio Branco, Acre; the Adolpho Lisboa Market; the fruit stands near the airport; and the Laranjeiras Market in Manaus, Amazonas, or the weekend fairs in São Gabriel da Cachoeira or Tabatinga, in the state of Amazonas.The appreciation of traditional food plants or "unconventional food plants" (plantas alimentícias não convencionais, PANC) by the fine cuisine circuit and by movements aimed at valorize sociobiodiversity, such as Slow Food, brought a new stimulus to the study of Amazonian food plants.However, there is yet much to be studied, considering that between 10% and 20% of the world flora has current or potential nutritional use to humans (Kinupp 2007; Kinupp and Lorenzi 2014), which means that, just in the Amazon, from 1.6 to 3.2 thousand plants are edible. Most of the studies carried out in the Amazon region, so far, have been restricted to ethnobotanical research on a specific species, region, or ethnic group, without pursuing research on the nutritional properties and botanical or agronomic aspects. This occur partly due to the bureaucracy for carrying out these researches within the Brazilian legislation (Tomchinsky et al. 2013) but also due to the lack of human and financial resources in research institutions i...

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A determinação da umidade das sementes pode auxiliar na preservação de espécies florestais, pois a umidade é um dos fatores que influenciam no processo de deterioração das sementes. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi definir o teor de umidade de sementes de Ficus adhatodifolia armazenadas por mais de dois anos no Laboratório de Sementes da UNESP/Botucatu/SP. Para isso, utilizamos o método de estufa proposto nas Regras de Análise de Sementes. O teor de umidade para sementes de F. adhatodifolia foi de 8,50 ± 0,16%, indicando que estas sementes podem estar em boa qualidade para serem utilizadas na propagação da espécie, pois para armazenamentos por períodos maiores que 12 meses, a literatura relata que as sementes devem apresentar teores de umidade inferiores a 11%, como podemos verificar em nosso estudo. Mesmo assim, o teste de germinação deve ser realizado para verificar a qualidade das sementes armazenadas.