No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the long-term clinical outcomes and quality of life of cats having undergone perineal urethrostomy (PU) or prepubic urethrostomy (PPU). Methods This clinical study followed 28 cats (PU, n = 22; PPU, n = 6) that underwent a urethrostomy, with a minimum of 1 year postoperative follow-up. Medical records, pet owner surveys and urologic laboratory tests were used for assessment. Urologic laboratory tests included serum symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), serum creatinine, urinalysis, urine specific gravity (USG), urine protein:creatinine (UPC) ratio and urine culture. Results The main indications for urethrostomy were multiple catheterizations and PU stricture. The overall complication rates of PU and PPU were 31.8% and 83.3%, respectively. Recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) and urine scald dermatitis was less frequent in PU than in PPU cats (UTI 22.7% vs 66.6%; dermatitis 4.5% vs 83.3%). Bacteriuria was present in 77.2% and 100% of PU and PPU cats, respectively. Owner satisfaction rates were excellent in 81.8% of PU and 33.3% of PPU cases. Conclusions and relevance A proportion of cats that underwent urethrostomy showed bacteriuria, recurrent UTIs and increased levels of SDMA. PPU is important as a salvage procedure; however, it should be limited to cases in which standard techniques for PU cannot be performed, owing to the potential for recurrent complications and lower owner satisfaction.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of trans-resveratrol or quercetin on the ability of goat sperm to withstand being frozen. Six pools of semen obtained from six male goats were processed with different concentrations of resveratrol or quercetin (Experiment 1: 0, 15, 25, 50, 75 or 100µM resveratrol; Experiment 2: 0, 15, 25, 50, 75 or 100µM quercetin) and frozen. After thawing, the semen was evaluated for sperm kinematics, plasma membrane and acrosome integrity, morphology and oxidative stress following 0 and 1h of incubation. Immediately after thawing (0h), wobble (oscillation index) in the groups treated with 100µM of quercetin or resveratrol was lower (P<0.05) than in those treated with 0 and 25µM resveratrol and 0µM quercetin, respectively. After 1h of incubation, the total motility in treatments with 15, 50 and 75µM quercetin, as well as the plasma membrane integrity in all quercetin concentrations were lower (P<0.05) than at 0h. In opposition, the linearity of semen samples treated with 100µM quercetin and the straightness of those treated with 75 and 100µM quercetin were lower (P<0.05) at 0h than at 1h after thawing. Thus, it can be concluded that resveratrol and quercetin at high concentrations (100µM) transiently reduce the wobble of goat sperm submitted to frozen storage, and that quercetin (75 and 100µM) increases the linearity and straightness over time, which can be favorable for fertility.

No abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of (+)-catechin or (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on goat semen freezability. Poolsof semen were processed (Experiment 1: 0, 15, 25, 50, 75, or 100µM (+)-catechin; Experiment 2: 0, 15, 25, 50, 75, or 100µM EGCG) and frozen. After thawing, the samples were evaluated for kinematics, plasma membrane (PMi) and acrosome integrity, morphology, and oxidative stress, at 0 and 1h. In Experiment 1, at 0h, VSL and VAP were greater (P<0.05) with 15µM than with 50 and 100; WOB was lower (P<0.05) with 100µM than with 0, 15, and 25; and BCF was higher (P<0.05) with 75 and 100µM than with 0. In turn, in Experiment 2, progressive motility was higher (P<0.05) with0 and 15µM than with50 and 75; LIN was lower (P<0.05) with75 and100µM than with0 and 15; WOB was higher (P<0.05) with0 and 15µM; and PMi was greater (P<0.05) with100µM than 0. Thus, (+)-catechin or EGCG at higher concentrations inhibits the kinematics of frozen goat sperm, in a transitory way, and 100µM of EGCG preserves the PMi.

No abstract