An important approach of controlling against Avian Influenza should be determined to detect the antibody titres of bird flu caused by Influenza virus H5N1 in Indonesia. The aim of the present study was to detect the antibodies to Avian Influenza in serum of native chickens. This study utilized 123 serum samples collected from the axilaris vein (left or right) of native chickens. Antibody titres were examined using Hemaglutination Inhibition (HI). The result showed that indication of natural infection by Avian Influenza (H5N1) in native chickens, as shown that out of 123 serum samples, 16 (13,01%) were tested positive by HI, while only 10 (8,13%) were tested protective to Avian influenza infection. Based on the results we obtained, a conclusion that natural infection by Avian influenza virus stimulated variety level of formation antibody titres in native chickens.

Background and Aim: Klebsiella pneumoniae is an emerging zoonotic and foodborne pathogen worldwide. Hypervirulent K. pneumoniae (hvKp) was reported as the causative agent of bovine mastitis. This is the first study in Indonesia that has been conducted to determine the capsular serotype of K. pneumoniae, pulmonary gross pathology and histopathology, and distribution of hvKp in the lungs of Aceh cattle. Materials and Methods: The presence of K. pneumoniae in Aceh cattle was investigated in two slaughterhouses in Banda Aceh and Aceh Besar, Indonesia. Lung tissues with gross pathological lesions were collected from 15 cattle presenting with depression, dehydration, or cachexia. The confirmation and capsular serotyping of K. pneumoniae isolates were performed using polymerase chain reaction. The tissues were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemistry to observe the histopathological lesions and the distribution of the hvKp antigens. Results: The pneumonic lesions identified in the lungs of Aceh cattle included hyperemia, hemorrhage, consolidation, and atelectasis. K. pneumoniae was isolated in all 15 lung tissues with pathological pneumonic lesions. Two patterns of infection were observed histopathologically. Acute infection was characterized by hyperemia, inflammatory cell infiltration, hemorrhage, bronchiolar epithelium hyperplasia, bronchial and bronchiolar obstruction with purulent exudates, edema, and atelectasis. On the other hand, chronic infection was defined by macrophage infiltration, emphysema, bronchial dilatation, pleural fibrosis, and alveolar wall thickening by interstitial fibrosis. Immunohistochemical staining using monospecific antisera induced by the hvKp isolate confirmed the presence of K. pneumoniae-specific antigens in the acute infection, predominantly in the bronchiolar, vascular, and alveolar areas. In contrast, generally diffuse infiltrates were found in the pleura and interstitial alveolar areas in chronic infection. Conclusion: hvKp can be detected in the lungs of Aceh cattle, representing acute and chronic infections. The distribution of Klebsiella antigens in the lung tissue was consistent with the histopathological findings.

This study aimed to determine the inhibitory effect and the concentration of fingerroot extract to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus growth. The data was analyzed descriptively. Ampicillin was used as positive control, distilled water was used as negative control, and the treatments were given fingerroot extract with a concentration of 5%, 15%, 25%, 35% and 45%. This study was conducted with three replications. The parameter measured was the diameter of inhibition zone formed by diffusion method. The average diameter of inhibition zone of the fingerroot extract were 15% : 10.3 mm; 25% : 13,6mm; 35% : 18,7mm; 45% ± 21,1mm, and at a concentration of 5% the inhibition zone is not formed. The final conclusion is that the fingerroot extract can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. The higher concentration of fingerroot extract, the more extensive inhibition zone formed.

Avian influenza virus H5N1 infections are an important cause of diseases in humans and several animal species, including birds. The present study conducted to investigate the seroprevalence Avian Influenza H5N1 in native birds from 15 sub-districts of North Aceh. This study utilized 1108 serum samples collected from the axilaris vein (left or right) of birds. The standard Hemaglutination Inhibition (HI) assay was conducted at Microbiology Laboratory Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Syiah Kuala University to determined serum antibody possitive or negative reaction against Avian influenza H5N1. The result showed that seroprevalence Avian influenza H5N1 virus was 4,7 % in North Aceh District. There were nine sub-districts were tested positively by HI test. However, the serum collected from six sub-districts did not react (negative) against Avian influenza H5N1. Based on the results we obtained, a conclusion that natural infection by Avian influenza virus in native birds occured in part of North Aceh District.

The often problematic faced by Muslims

Proses pembelajaran membutuhkan media yang interaktif dan menarik, masa peralihan dari pandemi ke andemi membuat proses pembelajaran saat ini mengharuskan embedded, online diselingi dengan proses offline. Media pembelajaran membuat Replikasi pada Master dan Slave merupakan bagian dari Mata Kuliah Pengolahan Data Terdstribusi pada STMIK Profesional Makassar yang bertujuan untuk mengurangi tingkat kejenuhan mahasiswa belajar online. Aplikasi Kine Master memudahkan mahasiswa untuk memahami proses pembelajaran karena materi yang dikelola dalam bentuk animasi tampilan dalam bentuk video dan teks. Replikasi  salah satu metode penyimpanan database pada basisdata terdistribusi. Mahasiswa mampu membuat Replikasi Master dan Slave, mengetahui sejauh mana Efektifitas penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Aplikasi Kine Mater untuk Membuat Replikasi Master dan Slave.

Based on the Indonesia national police crime database, it is reported that vehicle theft cases have increased during the Covid-19 pandemic. The database reported an increasing trend of vehicle theft, 4,065 cases from January 2019 to January 2020 in the province and regency region. Therefore, to help police officers work and minimize the criminal cases of vehicle theft, an effective strategy is needed to reduce these threats. This study proposes implementing SMS and QRcode technology embedded in the vehicle for validation information. Cloud computing capabilities can offer real-time network access to technology resources that can be physically located anywhere geographically based on business needs. This technology can rapidly search and show detailed information regarding the specific vehicle, including the vehicle owner, the vehicle registration number, and the validation of the driver's license. To implement and examine the effectiveness of the proposed technology, this study was conducted an experimental study in a real-world setting from January 2021 until April 2021 in Makassar city, Indonesia. This study concluded that the proposed technology could successfully be implemented and effectively show detailed information regarding the specific vehicle based on the experimental results. This study concluded the potential use of the proposed technology in the real world as an alternative solution to minimize the criminal cases of vehicle theft. It can be used as an alternative solution to reduce the increase in criminal cases of inter-island private vehicle theft syndicates.

This study aimed to determine the effect of temu kunci's extract (Boesenbergia pandurata) on the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro. This research was conducted using seven treatments with three replications. The experiment was carried out using Kirby Bauer's method, the number of bacteria used was in accordance with the standards of Mc Farland 1. Blank discs were soaked in temu kunci's extract in concentration of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50%. Streptomycin was used as a positive control and sterile aquades as a negative control. All the discs were placed on the surface of bacteria cultured on MHA and incubated for 24 hours at 37 °C. Diameter of inhibition zone formed was measured by using a caliper. Data were analyzed descriptively. The average diameter of inhibition zone