The efficiency of Brazilian oat cultivars in reducing fungicide use for greater environmental quality and food safety

Abstract

Oat cultivars more efficient at reducing fungicide can prevent contamination of soil, water and food. The objective of the study is to measure the efficiency of oat cultivars recommended for growing in Brazil by reducing the number of fungicide applications, considering favorable and unfavorable crop season conditions for productivity and progress of the main leaf diseases. The study was conducted in 2015, 2016 and 2017, in Augusto Pestana, RS, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block with three replications in a 22 x 4 factorial scheme, for 22 oat cultivars and 4 conditions of fungicide use [without application; an application at 60 days after emergence; two applications at 60 and 75 days after emergence; and three applications at 60, 75 and 90 days after emergence]. The fungicide FOLICUR® CE was used in 2015 and 2016 and the fungicide PRIMO® in 2017 in the dosage of 0.75 and 0.3 liters ha-1, respectively. The plots were sprayed using BD 04 fan nozzle with 45 PSI pressure, and spray volume close to 120 liters ha-1. The condition of a crop season favorable to the progress of leaf diseases identifies with quality cultivars more efficient in reducing the use of fungicide, enabling processes with lower environmental impacts with food security. Under favorable agricultural year conditions and unfavorable to the productivity and progress of the main leaf diseases of oats, the most efficient cultivars to reduce the use of fungicide are URS Altiva and URS Guria

A produção sem agrotóxicos no controle de doenças foliares da aveia: indutor de resistência por silício e potássio e zona de escape

“…Afora isso, é comum aplicações sequenciais de fungicida que vão até próximo ao período de maturidade fisiológica dos grãos. Portanto, aumentam os riscos de contaminação do solo, água e ar pela maior carga tóxica liberada e dos possíveis resíduos de agrotóxicos nos grãos que seguem quando transformados em diferentes alimentos (Agostinetto, et al, 2015;Dornelles, et al, 2021;Scheer, 2021).…”

“…Considerando as várias formas de utilização da espécie, como resultado há um aumento gradativo das áreas destinadas à produção de aveia, caracterizada em sua maioria pelo uso de apenas uma cultivar, condição que favorece a maior incidência e progressão de doenças sobre a espécie (Carvalho, 2012;Fones, et al, 2020). Dentre as doenças, a ferrugem da folha (Puccinia coronata f. sp avenae) e a helmintosporiose (Drechslera avenae (Eidam) Sarif) são as mais relevantes pela sua agressividade e consequentes perdas de produtividade durante o cultivo da aveia (Dietz, et al, 2019;Dornelles, et al, 2021).…”

Economic and Agronomic Positioning of Fungicides in Conditions of Water Deficit in Soybean Cultures

“…Several recent studies have focused on showing results that may contribute to a more environmentally and economically sustainable management, especially in crops such as white oat (Dornelles et al, 2020;Dornelles et al, 2021) and soybean (Knebel et al , 2021), revealing that there is a great dynamic of relationships to position the management of fungicides. Thus, all these questions seek to evaluate to what extent the largest number of applications is profitable for the farmer and this way establish a relationship between the management that delivers the best action, that is, the best disease control associated with the lowest cost and maximum grain yield, especially in the case of a year with water deficit.…”