Prevalence and risk factors for bovine brucellosis in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil

Baumgarten, Karina; Veloso, Flávio Pereira; Grisi-Filho, José Henrique Hildebrand; Ferreira, Fernando; Amaku, Marcos; Dias, Ricardo Augusto; Telles, Evelise Oliveira; Heinemann, Marcos Bryan; Gonçalves, Vı́tor Salvador Picão; Neto, José Soares Ferreira

doi:10.5433/1679-0359.2016v37n5supl2p3425

Cited by 33 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Thus, the presence of flooded areas in a property can promote the dissemination of disease. In three states of the Brazilian northeast -Bahia, Pernambuco and Maranhão -and also in Santa Catarina, this variable has emerged as a risk factor associated with bovine brucellosis infection (ALMEIDA et al, 2016;ALVES et al, 2009;BAUMGARTEN et al, 2016;BORBA et al, 2013). It is worth pointing out that this factor is related to the persistence of disease within an infected property rather than as a form of transmission between herds (CRAWFORD et al, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of vaccination in lowering bovine brucellosis in the State of Rondônia, Brazil

Inlamea

Rocha²,

Ferreira

et al. 2016

SCA

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The study was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the vaccination program against bovine brucellosis, implemented by the State of Rondônia, using prevalence rates as an indicator. The State was divided into three regions. For each region, a pre-determined number of herds were selected and at each herds, blood samples were collected from randomly chosen females with 24 months age or more. Sera from animals were submitted to a serial testing protocol, with screening performed using the buffered acidified antigen test and confirmation by the complement fixation test. A epidemiological questionnaire was administered to each farm property to identify the risk factors associated with the disease. The prevalence rates of infected herds and infected animal at the state were 12.3% [10.3-14.6] and was 1.9% [1.4-2.5], respectively. Between the regions, the prevalence of infected herds varied from 11.6% to 12.8% and the prevalence of infected animals ranged between 1.4% and 2.6%. Bovine brucellosis in Rondônia State is associated with the beef herd, a larger number of cows and the presence of flooded pastures. There was an important reduction in prevalence rates of infected herds and infected animals since 2004, however further reduction could still be achieved with vaccination. Thus, the State should continue its vaccination program, placing emphasis on ensuring the quality of the process. In addition, it should also promote the use of a vaccine that does not induce antibody formation. Additionally, the State must carry out a great effort of education so that producers test breeding animals for brucellosis before introducing them onto their properties and, where possible, prevent calved cows from having access to areas that are flooded. Key words: Bovine brucellosis. Vaccination. Prevalence. Risk factors. Rondônia. Brazil. ResumoO estudo foi realizado para se verificar a eficácia do programa de vacinação contra brucelose bovina implementado pelo estado de Rondônia, utilizando-se a prevalência como indicador. O Estado

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The State of Santa Catarina, which had the lowest prevalence of infected herds and animals, and prohibited vaccination and initiated the implementation of eradication strategies, also conducted a second prevalence study that revealed no change (BAUMGARTEN et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of vaccination in lowering bovine brucellosis in the State of Rondônia, Brazil

Inlamea

Rocha²,

Ferreira

et al. 2016

SCA

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“…The states of Santa Catarina, São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Rondônia, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, and Rio Grande do Sul carried out a second study on the prevalence of brucellosis. Of the 7 states included in this study a decrease in the prevalence of infected herds, as a consequence of the immunization program, was observed only in the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, and Rondônia (BARDDAL et al;BAUMGARTEN et al, 2016;DIAS et al, 2016;INLAMEA et al, 2016;LEAL FILHO et al, 2016;OLIVEIRA et al, 2016;SILVA et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An update on the epidemiologic situation of bovine brucellosis in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil

Anzai

Costa²,

Said

et al. 2016

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A cross-sectional study was carried out between January 2012 and May 2014 to estimate the prevalence of bovine brucellosis in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. This study was carried out 11 years after the implementation of the immunization program for heifers with a vaccine derived from the S19 strain of Brucella abortus. The state was divided into two regions. Three hundred farms from each region, with reproductive activity, were randomly chosen and included as primary sample units. A fixed number of cows were randomly selected and tested for antibodies against Brucella spp. A farm was considered to be infected when at least one female tested positive for Brucella spp. In the selected farms, an epidemiological questionnaire based survey, focused on herd traits as well as husbandry and sanitary practices, was conducted, to evaluate the factors associated with the risk of infection. The overall prevalence of infected herds was 9.3% (95% confidence interval, 95% CI = 7.1-11.8%), varying from 8.7% (95% CI = 5.7-12.6%) in region 2 to 9.7% (95% CI = 6.8-13.4%) in region 1. There was no significant difference in the prevalence between the regions. The apparent prevalence of Brucella spp. positive farms across the regions and the state was similar to the prevalence observed 11 years earlier.The prevalence of positive animals was 3.8% (95% CI = 0.9-10.1%), varying from 1.5% (95% CI = 0.8-2.4%) in region 1 to 7.9% (95% CI = 1.9-20.3%) in region 2, without a significant difference between the regions. There was no difference in the number of Brucella spp. positive animals after 11 years of the immunization program. The risk factors associated with brucellosis were (i) more than 10 cows per herd (OR = 5.0; 95% CI =2.5-11.1) and (ii) equipment, feedstock, or personnel sharing (OR = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.1-4.2). The state of Espírito Santo should seek systematic vaccination coverage targeting more than 80% of the eligible heifers. An efficient animal health program, which educates the farmers to test replacement animals for brucellosis before introducing them to their herds, to avoid equipment, personnel or feedstock sharing with farms of unknown sanitary conditions, and to increase awareness of the importance of good sanitary procedures during artificial insemination, should be implemented. Anzai, E. K. et al. ResumoPara estimar a prevalência e os fatores de risco da brucelose bovina no Estado do Espírito Santo (Brasil), foi realizado um estudo transversal entre janeiro de 2012 e maio de 2014. Esse estudo foi realizado 11 anos após a implementação de um programa de imunização em novilhas utilizando uma vacina derivada da estirpe S19 de Brucella abortus. O estado foi dividido em duas regiões. Trezentas propriedades com atividade reprodutiva foram aleatoriamente selecionadas em cada região e incluídas como unidades primárias de amostragem. Um número fixo de fêmeas adultas foi aleatoriamente selecionado em cada propriedade. Os animais foram testados para anticorpos contra Brucella spp. Um questionário epidemiológico foi ...

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“…The state of Santa Catarina, which had the lowest prevalence of infected herds and animals, prohibited vaccinations and initiated the implementation of eradication strategies. Santa Catarina also conducted a second study that did not indicate a change in prevalence (BAUMGARTEN et al, 2016 (MARVULO et al, 2009). At the time, it was recommended that the state implement a vaccination program for Regions 1, 2, 3 (south coast) and 7 (north coast), areas with increased prevalence of infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological situation of bovine brucellosis after implementation of a vaccination program in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

Silva

Groff

Vidor

et al. 2016

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This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a bovine brucellosis vaccination program in Rio Grande do Sul, with prevalence as the indicator, and to identify risk factors for the disease. The state was divided into seven regions. For each region, a predetermined number of properties were randomly sampled, in which a pre-established number of randomly selected females aged over 24 months were tested. The serodiagnosis protocol consisted of a screening test using buffered acidified antigen, followed by a confirmatory test using 2-mercaptoethanol. An epidemiological questionnaire was utilized to identify possible risk factors associated with bovine brucellosis. In the state of Rio Grande do Sul, the prevalence of infected herds was found to be 3.54% [2.49-4.88], and the prevalence of infected animals was 0.98% [0.57-1.57]. In assessments of specific regions, the infected herd prevalence ranged from 0.66% to 3.09%, and among the animals, from 0.06% to 2.03%. In herds comprising 15 or more cows, beef type and pasture sharing emerged as risk factors for bovine brucellosis in the state. The epidemiological status of bovine brucellosis in Rio Grande do Sul has remained unchanged since 2004, even though adequate vaccination coverage has been recorded since 2009. Thus, the state should continue its vaccination program, with emphasis on the quality of the process and on encouraging the use of nonantibody inducing vaccines. In addition, the state must make a greater effort to educate producers on the importance of testing for brucellosis in breeding animals before introducing them onto their properties, and on the importance of avoiding shared grazing among herds whose health conditions are unknown. preestabelecido de propriedades nas quais foi testado um número também preestabelecido de fêmeas com idade igual ou superior a 24 meses, aleatoriamente selecionadas. O protocolo do sorodiagnóstico foi composto de triagem com o teste do antígeno acidificado tamponado, seguido de teste confirmatório dos positivos com o teste 2-Mercaptoetanol. Nas propriedades foi aplicado um questionário epidemiológico sobre possíveis fatores de riscos associados à brucelose bovina. No estado do Rio Grande do Sul, a prevalência de focos foi de 3.54% [2.49 -4.88] e a de animais 0.98% [0.57 -1.57]. Nas regiões, as prevalências de focos variaram de 0.66% a 9.03% e a de animais de 0.06% a 2.03%. Rebanhos com 15 ou mais vacas, tipologia corte e compartilhamento de pastagens emergiram como fatores de risco para brucelose bovina no estado. A situação epidemiológica da brucelose bovina no Rio Grande do Sul manteve-se estável desde 2004, a despeito de boas coberturas vacinais terem sido registradas a partir de 2009. Assim, o estado deve continuar seu programa de vacinação, dando ênfase para a qualidade do processo e estimulando a utilização da vacina não indutora de anticorpos. Adicionalmente, o estado deve realizar um grande esforço de educação para que os produtores testem os animais de reprodução para brucelose antes de introduzi-los em sua...

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Prevalence and risk factors for bovine brucellosis in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil

Cited by 33 publications

References 19 publications

Effect of vaccination in lowering bovine brucellosis in the State of Rondônia, Brazil

Effect of vaccination in lowering bovine brucellosis in the State of Rondônia, Brazil

An update on the epidemiologic situation of bovine brucellosis in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil

Epidemiological situation of bovine brucellosis after implementation of a vaccination program in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

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