Multiplex polymerase chain reaction to identify and determine the toxigenicity of Corynebacterium spp with zoonotic potential and an overview of human and animal infections

Torres, Luciene de Fátima Costa; Ribeiro, Débora da Silva Freitas; Hirata, Raphael; Pacheco, Luis Gustavo Carvalho; Souza, Monica Cristina de; Santos, Louisy Sanches dos; Santos, Cíntia Silva; Salah, Mohammad; Costa, Mateus Matiuzzi da; Ribeiro, Márcio Garcia; Selim, Salah A.; Azevedo, Vasco; Mattos‐Guaraldi, Ana Luíza

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762013000300003

Cited by 37 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…), 21 while other species, such as toxigenic C. diphtheriae, are classified as serious and potentially life-threatening pathogens. 22,23 The species C. tuberculostearicum (C. t.), characterized by C. Feurer et al in 2004 24 is a major component of the bacterial species that colonize a variety of skin environments, including dry, moist, and sebaceous regions. 25 Several studies have associated C. t. with disease states, including inflammatory breast disease, pancreatic panniculitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, and surgical site infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum, a human skin colonizer, induces the canonical nuclear factor‐κB inflammatory signaling pathway in human skin cells

Altonsy

Kurwa

Lauzon

et al. 2020

Immunity Inflam & Disease

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Introduction Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum (C. t.) is a ubiquitous bacterium that colonizes human skin. In contrast to other members of the genus Corynebacterium, such as toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae or the opportunistic pathogen Corynebacterium jeikeium, several studies suggest that C. t. may play a role in skin health and disease. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects remain poorly understood. Methods To investigate whether C. t. induces inflammatory pathways in primary human epidermal keratinocytes (HEKs) and human cutaneous squamous carcinoma cells (SCCs), cell culture, reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (PCR), enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence microscopy, Western blot, chromatin immunoprecipitation‐PCR, small interfering RNA knockdown and luciferase reporter expression system were used. Results Herein, we demonstrate that C. t. upregulates the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels of inflammatory mediators in two human skin cell lines, HEKs and SCCs. We further show activation of the canonical nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) pathway in response to C. t. infection, including phosphorylation of the inhibitor of κB (IκB), the nuclear translocation of NF‐κB subunit (NF‐κB‐P65) and the recruitment of NF‐κB‐P65 and RNA polymerase to the NF‐κB response elements at the promoter region of the inflammatory genes. Lastly, the data confirm that C. t.‐induced tumor necrosis factor mRNA expression in HEKs is toll‐like receptor 2 (TLR2) dependent. Conclusion Our results offer a mechanistic model for C. t.‐induced inflammation in human keratinocytes via TLR2 and activation of IκB kinase and downstream signaling through the canonical NF‐κB pathway. Relevance to chronic inflammatory diseases of the skin and cutaneous oncology is discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum, a human skin colonizer, induces the canonical nuclear factor‐κB inflammatory signaling pathway in human skin cells

Altonsy

Kurwa

Lauzon

et al. 2020

Immunity Inflam & Disease

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“…; Torres et al . ). The real‐time PCR assay is based on tox and rpoB genes, whereas the multiplex PCR assay is based on rpoB , 16S rRNA, pld , dtxR and tox .…”

Section: Pcr‐based Identificationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Contemporary microbiology and identification ofCorynebacteriaspp. causing infections in human

Zasada

Mosiej

2018

Lett Appl Microbiol

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Significance and Impact of the Study: The number of opportunistic infections caused by Corynebacteria is increasing due to increase in number of immunocompromised patients. New Corynebacterium species and new human infections, caused by this group of bacteria, has been described recently. However, identification of Corynebacteria is still a challenge despite application of sophisticated laboratory methods. In the study we present possibilities and limitations of various commercial systems for identification of Corynebacteria. AbstractThe Corynebacterium is a genus of bacteria of growing clinical importance. Progress in medicine results in growing population of immunocompromised patients and growing number of infections caused by opportunistic pathogens. A new infections caused by new Corynebacterium species and species previously regarded as commensal micro-organisms have been described. Parallel with changes in Corynebacteria infections, the microbiological laboratory diagnostic possibilities are changing. But identification of this group of bacteria to the species level remains difficult. In the paper, we present various manual, semiautomated and automated assays used in clinical laboratories for Corynebacterium identification, such as API Coryne, RapID CB Plus, BBL Crystal Gram Positive ID System, MICRONAUT-RPO, VITEK 2, BD Phoenix System, Sherlock Microbial ID System, MicroSeq Microbial Identification System, Biolog Microbial Identification Systems, MALDI-TOF MS systems, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based and sequencing-based assays. The presented assays are based on various properties, like biochemical tests, specific DNA sequences, composition of cellular fatty acids, protein profiles and have specific limitations.

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“…A species‐specific multiplex PCR assay was developed by Torres et al . () which included the detection of multiple gene targets (A and B fragments of Diphtheria Toxin , dtXR , rpoB , 16S rRNA and pld ) for the identification of potentially toxigenic C. diphtheriae , C. ulcerans and C. pseudotuberculosis from the human and animal sources. The major limitations of the conventional PCR assays are the requirement of Pre (DNA purification) and post PCR processing steps (Gel electrophoresis), delay in the turnaround time and lack of high throughput possibility.…”

Section: Molecular Identification Of Diphtheriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Strengthening the laboratory diagnosis of pathogenicCorynebacteriumspecies in the Vaccine era

Sekar

Veeraraghavan

Anandan

et al. 2017

Lett Appl Microbiol

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Over the last three decades, successful implementation of the diphtheria vaccination in the developed and developing countries has reduced the infections caused by the toxigenic strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae, but a concomitant increase in the invasive infections due to the nontoxigenic strains was seen. In addition, the recent reports on the emergence of nontoxigenic toxin gene-bearing strains, having the potential to revert back to toxigenic form poses a significant threat to human beings. Besides infections caused by C. diphtheriae, the emergence of the respiratory, cutaneous and invasive infections by related pathogenic Corynebacterium species like C. ulcerans and C. pseudotuberculosis, complicate the diagnosis and management of infection. These observations together with the widespread prevalence of diphtheria in the vaccine era, necessitates the strengthening of the epidemiological surveillance and laboratory diagnosis of the pathogen. This review provides the overview of the advantages and limitations of different molecular methods and the role of MALDI-TOF in the laboratory diagnosis of Diphtheria. The contribution of next generation sequencing technology and different genotyping techniques in understanding the pathogenicity, transmission dynamics and epidemiology of the C. diphtheriae is discussed.

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Multiplex polymerase chain reaction to identify and determine the toxigenicity of Corynebacterium spp with zoonotic potential and an overview of human and animal infections

Cited by 37 publications

References 61 publications

Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum, a human skin colonizer, induces the canonical nuclear factor‐κB inflammatory signaling pathway in human skin cells

Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum, a human skin colonizer, induces the canonical nuclear factor‐κB inflammatory signaling pathway in human skin cells

Contemporary microbiology and identification ofCorynebacteriaspp. causing infections in human

Strengthening the laboratory diagnosis of pathogenicCorynebacteriumspecies in the Vaccine era

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