Emergence of non-albicans Candida species and antifungal resistance in intensive care unit patients

Kaur, Ravinder; Dhakad, Megh Singh; Goyal, Ritu; Kumar, Rakesh

doi:10.1016/j.apjtb.2015.12.019

Cited by 48 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Our finding was consistent with previous studies conducted elsewhere [16-18, 21-23, 25-27]. However, a preponderance of NAC species were demonstrated by many earlier studies [19,20,24,28,29]. While C. albicans is still the predominant species in Ethiopian studies, the occurrence of NAC species in the current study was higher than those studies [16,17] underlining the shifting trend of Candida infections towards NAC species.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Distribution of Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida species isolated in different clinical samples and their in vitro antifungal suscetibity profile in Ethiopia

2020

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Background: The spectrum of yeasts and their antifungal susceptibility profile are poorly known and treatment of fungal disease has remained empirical. The aim of this study is to determine the spectrum and antifungal susceptibility profile of yeasts particularly of Candida species.Methods: A descriptive study on the composition of Candida species and antifungal susceptibility profile were conducted from January 2018 to September 2018. Clinical samples collected from different sites were cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar and incubated for an appropriate time. Identification of yeast isolates and their antifungal susceptibility profile were determined by the VITEK 2 compact system. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage of Candida species were calculated using SPSS version 20.Results: Of 209 yeasts recovered, 104(49.8%), 90 (43.1%), 15(7.2%) were C. albicans, non albicans Candida species, and other yeasts, respectively. Among non albicans Candida species, Candida krusei was the commonest isolate. Of other yeast groups, 66.7% was represented by Cryptococcus laurentii. Regardless of Candida species identified, 85.6, 3.9, and 10.5% of the isolates were susceptible, intermediate, and resistant to fluconazole, respectively. C krusei was 100% resistant to the drug. Voriconazole demonstrated the greatest antifungal activity against Candida isolates in which 99.4% of Candida isolates were susceptible. The susceptibility and the resistance rate of Candida isolate to both caspofungin and micafungin were the same being 96 and 4% respectively. However, micafungin was more potent than caspofungin. The susceptibility, resistant, and intermediate rates of yeasts against flucytosine were, 86.2, 6.6, and 7.2%, respectively. Conclusions:The present study demonstrated the distribution of Candida species in different clinical specimens where the isolation rate of non-albicans Candida species was comparable to Candida albicans. The high resistance rate of C. krusei to fluconazole and flucytosine may demonstrate that the treatment of candidiasis empirically is questionable.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Distribution of Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida species isolated in different clinical samples and their in vitro antifungal suscetibity profile in Ethiopia

2020

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“…15,16 Out of 64 candida isolates from various clinical isolates, Majority were Candida albicans (37.5%), followed by candida tropicalis (32.8%), candida krusei (20.3%), Candida parapsilosis (6.2%) and Candida glabrata (3.1%) as per this study. Kaur et al 17 19 reported lower sensitivity to nystatin (69.6%). Among 24 Candida albicans isolates, 17(70.8%) were biofilm producers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Candida Species Isolation, Identification and Biofilm Detection at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Devi¹,

R²,

Mounika³

2019

IJCMR

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Introduction:Early diagnosis and accurate treatment of candida infected patients helps to reduce the risk of infection and improves patient outcome. Candida isolation, speciation and its invasiveness can be determined by culture, antigen and antibody estimation, glucan estimation and PCR. The present study aimed at candida isolation, speciation and detection of biofilm production among various clinical samples. Material and Methods: Various clinical samples such as urine, pus, blood, cerebrospinal fluid, body fluids, tissue, oral and ear swabs etc. were collected from patients in a sterile container and transported immediately to Microbiology laboratory and processed according to standard protocols.

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“…Changes in the clinical severity of candidiasis and the Candida species prevalence profile may be a reflection of immunological changes in HIV positive patients. Though Candida albicans is the most frequently isolated species as a colonizer and pathogen of mucosa, other Candida species, such as C. tropicalis, C. krusei, C. glabrata, C. dubliniensis, C. guilliermondii, C. parapsilosis, C. kefyr, and C. pelliculosa, have become a significant cause of infection in patients with HIV infection (Fusi et al, 2011;Kaur et al, 2016). The clinical importance of these non-albicans Candida species lies in the fact that they are usually less susceptible to the more commonly used azole antifungal drugs, a factor that poses significant difficulties in effective treatment (Maheshwari et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary tract candidiasis in HIV+ patients and sensitivity patterns of recovered<i> Candida </i>species to antifungal drugs in Dschang District Hospital (Cameroon)

Diesse¹,

Kechia²,

Iwewe³

et al. 2017

Int. J. Bio. Chem. Sci

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The incidence of Candida urinary tract infections is gradually on the rise and is an important public health problem. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of urinary tract candidiasis (candiduria) in HIV positive patients in Dschang District Hospital and the antifungal susceptibility test of isolates. A total of 285 patients were recruited for this study. Midstream urine samples were collected and processed using standard mycological techniques. Candida isolates were identified base on the colony color on CHROMagar. Antifungal susceptibility testing of the isolates was performed by the broth dilution method using four commonly used antifungals. Results showed that 22% of patients had Candida spp in their urine. Candida albicans had a proportion of 37% against 63% for non-albicans Candida. Of the 53 isolates tested, ketoconazole had the highest percentage of resistance (88.6%) follow by fluconazole (64.1.6%), amphotericin B (56.6%) and nystatin (49.0%). The highest sensitivity was observed with nystatin (33.9%) while the lowest was found with ketoconazole (5.6%). In conclusion, the prevalence of candiduria among HIV positive patients in this study was 22%. Candida albicans remain the most frequently involved Candida species. Azole antifungals showed the highest resistance rate against all the Candida species isolates.

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Emergence of non-albicans Candida species and antifungal resistance in intensive care unit patients

Cited by 48 publications

References 20 publications

Distribution of Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida species isolated in different clinical samples and their in vitro antifungal suscetibity profile in Ethiopia

Distribution of Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida species isolated in different clinical samples and their in vitro antifungal suscetibity profile in Ethiopia

Candida Species Isolation, Identification and Biofilm Detection at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Urinary tract candidiasis in HIV+ patients and sensitivity patterns of recovered<i> Candida </i>species to antifungal drugs in Dschang District Hospital (Cameroon)

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