Candida Species Isolation, Identification and Biofilm Detection at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Devi, Anju; R, Hymavathi; Mounika, Gangula Venkata Naga

doi:10.21276/ijcmr.2019.6.4.45

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…According to the findings of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Candida infections are held responsible for 11% of all nosocomial infections. Candida albicans remains the leading cause of Candida bloodstream infections; however, the prevalence of non albicans Candida infections has increased worldwide, particularly C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis and C. krusei as seen by Bac N.D et al 12 In this study, most of the Candida isolates were found to be higher in male patients (55.10%) as compared to female patients (44.8%).This correlates well with the study of RA Kashid et al in 2011 who reported that the isolation of Candida species were higher in males (55.10%) as compared to females (44.8%) with male to female ratio of 1:0.81 and Renuka Devi et al 13 in which 54.6% were in males and 45.3% in females. Unlike this study from Amar C.S et al 14 in 2013, isolated Candida species were more from female(60.2%) than male (39.8%) patients in ratio of 0.6:1 (M>F).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Speciation of candida species isolated in clinical samples in a tertiary health care centre in Northern India

Kaur

Rawat²,

Sharma³

et al. 2021

IJMMTD

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The purpose of this study is to isolate, identify and specification of various the Candida species from various clinical samples in a tertiary care hospital, and to characterize various the isolated Candida species. A study was conducted on people of different age groups from January 2019 to December 2019. Candida species isolated from different patients by using Potassium Hydroxide mount and processed by BacTalert 3D (Biomerieux) automated blood culture system. Further culture identification of Candida species were done on Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA). Speciation of Candida was done using Germ tube test, CHROM agar Candida Medium, Cornmeal agar, Sugar Fermentation test and Sugar Assimilation test.In our study was the most common species isolated, among non albicans Candida i.e. 21 (38.9%); 19(35.2%) of was the most common followed by 9(16.7%) ofand 5(9.3%) of . Maximum number of Candida isolates were obtained from NICU i.e. 27(50.0%) followed by 11 from Med (20.3%), 7 from E/W (13.0%), 2 from BICU (3.7%), 2 from Skin (3.7%), 1 from PICU (1.9%), and 1 from R/R (1.9%).Our study showed that is the most common isolates species. Among , was found to be the most common isolate followed by . Children less than 1 year are most affected with maximum number of Candida species were obtained from NICU department. HiChrom Candida is proven to be more useful as differential agar.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Speciation of candida species isolated in clinical samples in a tertiary health care centre in Northern India

Kaur

Rawat²,

Sharma³

et al. 2021

IJMMTD

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“…albicans in terms of incidence and attributable mortality [ 25 , 31 , 34 , 42 , 48 – 51 ]. This new scenario could be attributed to the implementation of better molecular techniques in the identification of Candida species [ 21 , 29 , 52 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of biofilms in Candida spp. bloodstream infections: A meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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Context Candida-related infections are nowadays a serious Public Health Problem emerging multidrug-resistant strains. Candida biofilm also leads bloodstream infections to invasive systemic infections. Objective The present meta-analysis aimed to analyze Candida biofilm rate, type, and antifungal resistance among hospitalized patients between 1995 and 2020. Data sources Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases were searched for English papers using the following medical subject heading terms (MESH): “invasive candidiasis”; “bloodstream infections”; “biofilm formation”; “biofilm-related infections”; “mortality”; and “prevalence”. Study selection The major inclusion criteria included reporting the rate of biofilm formation and the prevalence of biofilm-related to Candida species, including observational studies (more exactly, cohort, retrospective, and case-control studies). Furthermore, data regarding the mortality rate, the geographical location of the study set, and the use of anti-fungal agents in clinical isolates were also extracted from the studies. Data extraction Independent extraction of articles by 2 authors using predefined data fields, including study quality indicators. Data synthesis A total of 31 studies from publicly available databases met our inclusion criteria. The biofilm formation in the data set varied greatly from 16 to 100% in blood samples. Most of the studies belonged to Europe (17/31) and Asia (9/31). Forest plot showed a pooled rate of biofilm formation of 80.0% (CI: 67–90), with high heterogeneity (Q = 2567.45, I2 = 98.83, τ2 = 0.150) in random effects model (p < 0.001). The funnel plot and Egger’s linear regression test failed to find publication bias (p = 0.896). The mortality rate in Candida-related bloodstream infections was 37.9% of which 70.0% were from biofilm-associated infections. Furthermore, Candida isolates were also characterized in low, intermediate, or high biofilm formers through their level of biofilm mass (crystal violet staining or XTT assays) after a 24h growth. When comparing between countries, statistical differences were obtained (p = 0.0074), showing the lower and higher biofilm prevalence values in Italy and Spain, respectively. The prevalence of low, intermediate, and high biofilms were 36.2, 18.9, and 35.0% (p < 0.0001), respectively. C. tropicalis was the prevalent species in high biofilm formation (67.5%) showing statistically significant differences when compared to other Candida species, except for C. krusei and C. glabrata. Finally, the rates of antifungal resistance to fluconazole, voriconazole, and caspofungin related to biofilm were 70.5, 67.9 and 72.8% (p < 0.001), respectively. Conclusions Early detection of biofilms and a better characterization of Candida spp. bloodstream infections should be considered, which eventually will help preserve public health resources and ultimately diminish mortality among patients.

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“…is the most common cause of a wide range of superficial infections of mucosal surfaces in humans, it colonizes the gastrointestinal and reproductive systems, particularly the female vaginal tract, as well as the skin (Alfouzan and Dhar, 2017). Immunosuppressive disorders such as diabetes, HIV, chemotherapy patients, take broad-spectrum antibiotics or steroids, and indwelling medical equipment implanted in the body such as urinary catheters are all risk factors for invasive Candida infections (Devi et al, 2019). There are several factors that may lead to candiduria in diabetic patients such as female gender and uncontrolled diabetes (Geerlings et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilm formation by Candida albicans and Candida glabrata isolated from urine specimens of diabetic Iraqi women

Ibrahim¹,

Hamzah²

2021

JLBSR

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Biofilms are multicellular communities where microorganisms are grown and form an extracellular matrix that protects the pathogenic microorganisms from the immunity system and antimicrobial agents. This study is aimed to identify Candida spp. isolated from urine specimens by using traditional techniques, germ tube, growth on corn meal agar medium and chromogenic medium then determine the ability of isolates to producing biofilm by tube method (TM) and congo red agar method (CRA). In our study urine specimens were obtained from 174 diabetic females in the period of six months at the Al-Wafa Specialized Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Mosul city, Iraq. Out of the total 174 specimens, yeast species were isolated from 56 (32.2 %) specimens. Out of the 56 isolates, 50 isolates were positive for Candida spp., especially C. glabrata which appeared maximum in 30 isolates (60 %) and followed by C. albicans 18 isolates (36%) and C. krusei 2 isolates (4 %). In the TM method for biofilm detection, C. albicans showed 16 isolates (88.9%) positive for biofilm formation followed by 29 isolates (96.7%) of C. glabrata. Furthermore, in the CRA method, all isolates (100%) of C. albicans were negative followed by 27 isolates (90%) of C. glabrata, whereas only 3 isolates (10%) of C. glabrata were positive. We can conclude that TM is the best conventional method and is sensitive to detect biofilm-forming yeast when compared with the CRA method.

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Candida Species Isolation, Identification and Biofilm Detection at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

Speciation of candida species isolated in clinical samples in a tertiary health care centre in Northern India

Speciation of candida species isolated in clinical samples in a tertiary health care centre in Northern India

Prevalence of biofilms in Candida spp. bloodstream infections: A meta-analysis

Biofilm formation by Candida albicans and Candida glabrata isolated from urine specimens of diabetic Iraqi women

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