Distribution of Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida species isolated in different clinical samples and their in vitro antifungal suscetibity profile in Ethiopia

Abstract

Background: The spectrum of yeasts and their antifungal susceptibility profile are poorly known and treatment of fungal disease has remained empirical. The aim of this study is to determine the spectrum and antifungal susceptibility profile of yeasts particularly of Candida species.Methods: A descriptive study on the composition of Candida species and antifungal susceptibility profile were conducted from January 2018 to September 2018. Clinical samples collected from different sites were cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar and incubated for an appropriate time. Identification of yeast isolates and their antifungal susceptibility profile were determined by the VITEK 2 compact system. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage of Candida species were calculated using SPSS version 20.Results: Of 209 yeasts recovered, 104(49.8%), 90 (43.1%), 15(7.2%) were C. albicans, non albicans Candida species, and other yeasts, respectively. Among non albicans Candida species, Candida krusei was the commonest isolate. Of other yeast groups, 66.7% was represented by Cryptococcus laurentii. Regardless of Candida species identified, 85.6, 3.9, and 10.5% of the isolates were susceptible, intermediate, and resistant to fluconazole, respectively. C krusei was 100% resistant to the drug. Voriconazole demonstrated the greatest antifungal activity against Candida isolates in which 99.4% of Candida isolates were susceptible. The susceptibility and the resistance rate of Candida isolate to both caspofungin and micafungin were the same being 96 and 4% respectively. However, micafungin was more potent than caspofungin. The susceptibility, resistant, and intermediate rates of yeasts against flucytosine were, 86.2, 6.6, and 7.2%, respectively. Conclusions:The present study demonstrated the distribution of Candida species in different clinical specimens where the isolation rate of non-albicans Candida species was comparable to Candida albicans. The high resistance rate of C. krusei to fluconazole and flucytosine may demonstrate that the treatment of candidiasis empirically is questionable.

Identification of Candida Species Circulating in Dakar using Multiplex Nested PCR

“…A total of six species of Candida were identified and are in order of frequency C. albicans, C. tropicalis group I, C. parapsilosis group I (C. parapsilosis), C. parapsilosis group II (known as C. orhtopsilosis), C. kefyr and C. lusitaniae. These results were similar to those reported from other African countries [7,9,[12][13][14].…”

“…Although C. albicans remains the most represented species in candidiasis, there is an emergence of NAC species in mycosis. Among these species, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, C. krusei, C. parapsilosis, C. kefyr and C. lusitaniae have been the most reported [3,4,7,8]. In Senegal, it has been reported that Candida albicans is the predominant species [4,9].…”

Prevalence and antifungal drug resistance of nosocomial Candida species isolated from two university hospitals in Egypt

“…Candida spp. cause infections that range from non-life-threatening mucosal illnesses to invasive fatal infections, such as bloodstream infections [ 4 ]. Nosocomial infection by Candida is a problematic issue worldwide.…”

Análise Dos Riscos Da Automedicação E a Prevalência Desse Hábito Entre Os Acadêmicos Da Faculdade Unicesumar Campus Ponta Grossa

“…Os resultados evidenciados sugerem que o óleo essencial de B. milleflora pode ter ação junto ao processo de transição morfológica fúngica das espécies de Candida, considerando que os fungos pertencentes a esta espécie estão entre os principais causadores de infecções fúngicas (HAMMED et al, 2018;ZHANG et al, 2018;SEYOUM et al, 2020), a redução de um de seus fatores de virulência, contribui para o desenvolvimento de terapêuticas inovadoras que possam reduzir os efeitos da invasão por patógenos fúngicos no organismo humano.…”

“…O aumento da resistência aos antimicrobianos já existentes, justificam as pesquisas por fontes alternativas de tratamento, diversas espécies de vegetais têm apresentado potencial antimicrobiano promissor, sendo alvo de estudos que visam avaliar os possíveis compostos com eficácia contra os micro-organismos resistentes e que tenham baixa toxicidade para o hospedeiro (BONI et al, 2017). Os fungos são patógenos associados a infecções de difícil tratamento no organismo humano, fungos da espécie Candida são descritos como micro-organismos oportunistas, pois estão presentes no organismo humano de forma comensal, porém mediante condições de queda da imunidade apresentam aumento da patogenicidade e potencial invasor dos tecidos do hospedeiro (SEYOUM et al, 2020;SHAHABUDIN;AZMI, 2020).…”