Acesso, prática educativa e empoderamento de pacientes com doenças crônicas

Abstract

Empowerment is a process whereby people achieve mastery over their lives, acquiring knowledge to make decisions about their health. Chronic diseases are increasingly common in the health service, requiring the attention of health professionals and empowering those affected by them. The scope of this study was to analyze the perceptions of users with chronic diseases and monitored by the Family Health Program with respect to empowerment. This was a qualitative study in which open interviews and systematic observations were conducted and NVIVO software was used for data analysis. Users indicate the existence of some geographical barriers in access to health, which caused fatigue, discouragement and low continuity of care. It was noted that adherence and practices of care were linked to differentiated service, based on trust and respect for the wishes of users. This includes healthcare guidance and education as key elements to encourage the practice of self-care. It is necessary to restructure the conduct of health professionals involved in the Family Health Strategy because its function is to promote health in a logical intersectoral and interdisciplinary manner.

Influence of multiprofessional work on the production of care and access to primary health care

“…The reception/embracement strategy is used as it is capable of organizing the agenda and the work of the teams. However, when developed only in a bureaucratic way, as an initial screening, differently from was conceived for this device, it reduces access 17 , producing a «barrier» of access of the users to the worker to whom they are «bound». Poor capacity to carry out a quality risk classification can also impair access with equity.…”

Health education with older adults: action research with primary care professionals

“…The establishment of this relationship is essential to achieve the objectives proposed by the group, since adherence and self-care practice are closely linked to care based on trust, bonding and respect for users' wishes, enabling the development of favorable health-promoting therapeutic proposals (29) .…”

“…Many health managers, supervisors and professionals today do not view educational intervention as health care and show no interest in "wasting time" with this type of activity, preferring the traditional method of consultation and prescription drugs, preventing changes in the current care model (29) .…”

Usuários da saúde mental como educadores: o que suas narrativas podem nos ensinar?

“…Foram considerados os trabalhos produzidos nos últimos dez anos. Pelo baixo número de artigos encontrados relacionados ao tema em análise, podemos dizer que, no Brasil, a iniciativa dos usuários como educadores ainda é incipiente, embora alguns estudos mostrem a importância da perspectiva do paciente para que haja uma melhora dos serviços 8,9 . É preciso, em outras palavras, conhecer as particularidades e necessidades dos usuários, criando uma aproximação capaz de gerar mudanças positivas na assistência.…”

“…Em suma, no Brasil, podemos identificar alguns projetos que valorizam a perspectiva dos usuários, mas muitos se resumem a pesquisas de campo que pretendem investigar a opinião dos pacientes a respeito dos serviços 8,9,11 . A escassez de artigos que tratem mais especificamente do tema de usuários como educadores indica a necessidade de maior investimento nesta área no cenário brasileiro.…”