BackgroundInfluenza is a global public health problem. However, severe influenza only recently has been addressed in routine surveillance.ObjectivesThe Global Influenza Hospital Surveillance Network (GIHSN) was established to study the epidemiology of severe influenza in consecutive seasons in different countries. Our objective is to describe the GIHSN approach and methods.MethodsThe GIHSN uses prospective active surveillance to identify consecutive influenza admissions in permanent residents of well-defined geographic areas in sites around the world. A core common protocol is followed. After consent, data are collected on patient characteristics and clinical outcomes, respiratory swabs are obtained, and the presence of influenza virus and subtype or lineage is ascertained by polymerase chain reaction. Data are collated and analyzed at the GIHSN coordination center.ResultsThe GIHSN has run its activities for two consecutive influenza seasons, 2012–2013 and 2013–2014, and hospitals in Brazil, China, France, Russian Federation, Turkey, and Spain have been involved in one or both seasons. Consistency on the application of the protocol and heterogeneity for the first season have been addressed in two previous publications. During both seasons, 19 677 eligible admissions were recorded; 11 843 (60%) were included and tested, and 2713 (23%) were positive for influenza: 991 (37%) A(H1N1); 807 (30%) A(H3N2); 583 (21%) B/Yamagata; 56 (2%) B/Victoria and 151 (6%) influenza A; and 125 (5%) influenza B were not characterized.ConclusionsThe GIHSN is a platform that provides information on severe influenza worldwide, applying a common core protocol and a consistent case definition.

2 ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Санкт-Петербург, РоссияПредставлены результаты клинико-лабораторного исследования динамики показателей иммунного ответа у 199 детей в воз-расте от 1 года до 14 лет при верифицированном гриппе в зависимости от типа иммунного ответа на фоне применения препа-рата рекомбинантного интерферона (IFN) альфа-2b (Гриппферон ® , капли назальные) (100 человек получали препарат, 99, получавшие патогенетически направленную терапию, вошли в состав группы сравнения). Тип иммунного ответа определяли на основании предложенных авторами коэффициентов поляризации (КП) КП1 = IL-4/IFN- и КП2 = IL-10/IFN-, полученных при расчете соотношения содержания в сыворотке крови цитокинов IL-4 к IFN- и IL-10 к IFN-, ответственных за преимуществен-ный тип иммунного ответа на внедрение антигена. Установлена хорошая лечебная эффективность интраназального примене-ния препарата рекомбинантного интерферона альфа-2b в комплексной терапии гриппа у детей как при Th1, так и при Th2 типе иммунного ответа, что позволяет рекомендовать его применение у детей, независимо от типа иммунного ответа. Ключевые слова: грипп, дети, тип иммунного ответа, интерферон, цитокины

Etiology of respiratory virus infections among 1699 hospitalized patients (HP) was determined by PCR during the period of increased influenza activity in 2012 - 2013 season. The rate of accidence of influenza virus in dependence of gender, age, social and demographic factors and previous vaccination was analysed. Young children dominated in the age structure of HP, while the elderly were hospitalized very rarely. According to results obtained rate of influenza detection in HP was significantly higher among adults in comparison with children (63,5 and 30,7% of investigated patients, correspondingly). Respiratory syncytial virus and rhinoviruses were detected the most regularly (8.7 and 3.1%, correspondingly) in children, parainfluenza and adenoviruses were registered rarely (1.4 and 2.1%, correspondingly). Rate of detection of coronaviruses and bocavirus was low and varied in the range 0.3 - 0.6%. Indicated above ARI agents among hospitalized adults were detected rarely (0 - 1.5%) with exception of RSV which was detected among elderly (75 - 84 years) in 5.9% cases. No metapneumovirus cases were detected among HP in indicated period. Although males dominated (58%) among HP influenza cases, regardless of the type/subtype, were registered more frequently among girls in comparison with the boys of the same age groups. Influenza cases were registered more frequenly as well among smoking than in not smoking patients. Young children dominated in the age structure of HP, while the elderly were hospitalized very rarely.

We evaluated the percent of acute respiratory viral infections with gastrointestinal syndrome in the structure of morbidity in babies aging 6 months and elder. Therapeutic efficiency and safety of anaferon (pediatric formuation) as a component of complex therapy of acute respiratory viral infections with involvement of the gastrointestinal tract were proven; more rapid disappearance of all symptoms and improvement of the immune status parameters were demonstrated.

Т. Н. Рыбалкина и др. Значение герпесвирусов в этиологии ряда инфекционных и соматических заболеваний детей T.M., Guseva N.A. The results of long-term study of herpesvirus infection in the Department of Infectious Diseases in children RNIMU. Detskie Infektsii=Children's infections. 2017, 16 (2): 5-12.

Авторы: Волощук Л.В., к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник отделения РВИ у взрослых ФГБУ НИИ гриппа Минздрава России, Санкт-Петербург; Мушкатина А.Л., научный сотрудник отделения РВИ у взрослых ФГБУ НИИ гриппа Минздрава России, Санкт-Петербург; Головачева Е.Г., к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник отделения РВИ у детей ФГБУ НИИ гриппа Минздрава России, Санкт-Петербург; Осидак Л.В., д.м.н., профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник отделения РВИ у детей ФГБУ НИИ гриппа Минздрава России, Санкт-Петербург; Заришнюк П.В., старший научный сотрудник отделения РВИ у взрослых ФГБУ НИИ гриппа Минздрава России, Санкт-Петербург; Го А.А., руководитель отделения РВИ у взрослых ФГБУ НИИ гриппа Минздрава России, Санкт-Петербург. Адрес для переписки:Волощук Любовь Васильевна 197022, Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, 15/17, ФГБУ НИИ гриппа МЗ РФ. Тел.: (812) 274-90-67 (служебн.); +7 921 797-07-47 (моб.). Тел./факс

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Prophylactic efficiency and safety of anaferon (pediatric formulation) in children aging 1?month to 4 years, including sickly children, was proven. The use of the preparation in children reduced the incidence of acute respiratory infections, alleviated the course of the disease, and decreased the incidence of detection of viral antigens in nasal meatuses.