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a first-reported 4Kx2K@60fps and Main-10 HEVC video decoder integrating 14 video formats is fabricated in a 28nm CMOS process. It adopts an Adaptive Coding Unit Balance (ACUB) and Data-Sharing Wave-front Dual-core (DSWD) architectures to lower the required working frequency by 65%. A 10-bit Smart Pixel Storage (SPS) scheme is proposed to reduce the frame buffer space by 37.5%. Moreover, a weighted memory management unit (W-MMU) and multistandard architecture reduce DRAM bandwidth and cost by 43% and 28%, respectively. This 4K Main-10 HEVC video decoder chip integrates 3.4M gate counts with area of 2.86mm 2 . It achieves 530Mpixels/s throughput which is two times larger than the state-of-the-art HEVC design [6] and consumes 0.2nJ/pixel energy efficiency, enabling real-time 4K video playback for UHD-TV applications. I.P 0 P 1 P 2 P 3 WORD Address 0 4 P 2 P 3 WORD Address BIT Address B 0 B 7 …… DA = 1 WA = 1, BA = 2

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A 4K×2K H.265/HEVC video codec chip is fabricated in a 28nm CMOS process with a core area of 2.16mm 2 . This LSI chip integrates a dual-standard (H.265 and H.264) video codec and a series of prevalent (VC-1, WMV-7/8/9, VP-6/8, AVS, RM-8/9/10, MPEG-2/4) decoders into a single chip. It contains 3,558K logic gates and 308KB of internal SRAM. Moreover, it simplifies intra/inter-ratedistortion optimization (RDO) processes and reduces external bandwidth via line-store SRAM pool (LSSP) and data-bus translation (DBT) techniques. For smartphone applications, it completes real-time HEVC encoding and decoding with 4096×2160 resolution and 30fps, and consumes 126.73mW (0.5nJ/pixel) of core power dissipation at 0.9V, at 494MHz (encoding) and 350MHz (decoding). 1080HD and 720HD resolutions are reported as well. The chip features are summarized in Fig. 18.6.1.

A first dual-standard video encoder and decoder LSI providing VP8 (i.e. video format of WebM project for use of web's video) or H.264/AVC video recording and playback simultaneously is implemented with 28nm CMOS and occupies 1.94mm 2 of core area. Several area-efficient techniques are realized, leading to 43.6% of area reduction. A new rate control is designed to facilitate the adaptation of video data and frame rates for network services. Two fast algorithms and new bool encoder/decoder are proposed to enhance power efficiency. This chip consumes 28.15mW and 10.02mW of VP8 encoder and decoder average power for 1080p@30fps at 0.9V, respectively.

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