Abstract. Tarno H, Octavia E, Himawan T, Setiawan Y. 2022. Detection of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) Using Cue-Lure and Methyl Eugenol in Steiner Traps in Depok City and Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4202-4208. Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are one of the most economically important insect pests worldwide. Two types of attractants are recommended for monitoring and controlling fruit flies: methyl eugenol (ME) and cue-lure (CL). The objective of this study was to investigate the species richness and abundance of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) using methyl eugenol (ME) and cue-lure (CL) in Depok City and Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia. The study was conducted in three sites of fruit orchards in Bogor District i.e., Malay apple (Syzygium malaccense), Lemon (Citrus limon), Papaya (Carica papaya) and two sites of fruit orchards in Depok District i.e., carambola (Averrhoa carambola) and guavas (Psidium guajava). Male fruit flies were trapped using Steiner traps baited with methyl eugenol (ME) and cue-lure (CL). There were 11 fruit fly species collected from this study i.e., Bactrocera albistrigata, B. carambolae, B. dorsalis, B. neocognata, B. umbrosa, B. verbascifoliae, Dacus conopsoides, D. longicornis, Zeugodacus calumniata, Z. caudatus, and Z. cucurbitae. In this study, B. was , D. conopsoides, D. longicornis, and Z. caudatus were only collected in Steiner traps baited with CL and B. dorsalis and B. umbrosa also only responded to ME. During sampling periods, 20,217 male adult fruit flies were collected. The highest relative abundance attracted to ME was B. carambolae and CL was Z. cucurbitae. In this study, B. albistrigata, B. calumniate, D. longicornis, Z. caudatus and Z. cucurbitae were significantly more attracted to CL than ME. Whereas, B. carambolae, B. dorsalis, B. umbrosa, and B. verbascifoliae were significantly more attracted to ME than CL. Our study showed also did not find invasive species in Depok City and Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia. Our study can be used as a method for monitoring and controlling fruit flies, namely Steiner trap with CL for Z. cucurbitae and Steiner trap with ME for B. carambolae, B. dorsalis and B. umbrosa in Depok City and Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia.
Abstract. Tarno H, Setiawan Y, Rahardjo BT, Wang J. 2021. Evaluation of the ambrosia beetles traps on Pterocarpus indicus in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 1332-1339. Angsana, Pterocarpus indicus Willd., is a native tree of Southeast Asia. This tree is commonly planted in large numbers as an ornamental or shade plant along the roads, in parks, and in residential areas in Malang and Batu Cities of Indonesia. Ambrosia beetles Euplatypus parallelus (F.) and Treptoplatypus micrurus (Schedl.) have been reported to attack P. indicus trees in Malang and Batu Cities. Therefore, effective traps are required for early detection and monitoring of the spread of ambrosia beetles. This research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different traps and to investigate the diversity of ambrosia beetles on P. indicus trees in Malang and Batu Cities. This research was conducted along the roads in Malang and Batu Cities using four types of traps: funnel trap, window flight trap, bottle trap, and yellow sticky trap. Eleven ambrosia beetle species were collected in this research. The most abundant species were E. parallelus and Cryphalus laticollis (Browne). The funnel trap was the most effective for capturing ambrosia beetles, whereas the bottle trap was the least effective trap. The funnel trap captured more E. parallelus and C. laticollis individuals than other traps. The ambrosia beetles captured using different traps were categorized as having low diversity. The ambrosia beetles collected from Malang and Batu Cities were categorized as having moderate diversity.
Abstract. Puspitarini RD, Fernando I, Setiawan Y, Anggraini D, Rizqi HA. 2021. Short Communication: First record of the cassava lace bug Vatiga illudens (Drake, 1922) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Tingidae) from East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 2870-2876. The cassava lace bug, Vatiga illudens (Drake, 1922) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Tingidae) is recorded from Indonesia for the first time. This species is found on the abaxial surface of leaves of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz, Euphorbiaceae) in several plantations of East Java and heavily infest this plant. Vatiga illudens is native to the Neotropical Region and seems to be the alien species in the Oriental Region. This tingid has already spread over a wide region of East Java, suggesting that the invasion of the lace bug endangers the other regions cultivating cassava.
Abstract. Hadi MS, Abadi AL, Himawan T, MAsruri, Lestari SR, Rahardjo BT, Aini LQ, Setiawan Y, Tarno H. 2021. The role of bacterial symbionts in the biodegradation of chlorpyrifos in the digestive tract of Plutella xylostella larvae. Biodiversitas 22: 702-712. Several species in the order Lepidoptera act as plant pests, one of which is Plutella xylostella. Plutella xylostella is one of the most destructive pests of cabbage and other horticultural crops. The use of chemical insecticides as pest control for P. xylostella causes many problems, such as the increased pest resistance to pesticides. The objectives of this study are: (i) to obtain and characterize symbiont bacteria in the digestive tract of P. xylostella collected from organic and conventional agriculture soils; (ii) to evaluate the potential of bacterial symbionts in the digestive tract of P. xylostella from organic and conventional soils in degrading the active ingredient of chlorpyrifos insecticide; (iii) To determine the biodegradation process of chlorpyrifos insecticide by symbiont bacteria in the digestive tract of P. xylostella; and (iv) to identify the derivative compounds from the biodegradation of chlorpyrifos insecticide. The results showed 30 symbiont bacteria isolated from the digestive tract of P. xylostella collected from organic soil and 36 symbiont bacteria isolated from the digestive tract of P. xylostella from conventional farming soil. There are 15 species of symbiont bacteria in 5 genera from the digestive tract of P. xylostella from organic and conventional farming capable of degrading the chlorpyrifos insecticide. They are identified as Providencia sp., Pseudomonas sp., Serratia sp., Proteus sp., and Aeromonas sp. Chlorpyrifos-derived compounds from the biodegradation of symbiont bacteria are less toxic than chlorpyrifos compounds.
Arianto W, Zuhud EAM, Hikmat A, Sunarminto T, Siregar IZ. 2018. Genetic diversity of Amorphophallus titanum in Bengkulu, Indonesia based on RAPD markers. Biodiversitas 19: 1783-1790. Titan Arum [Amorphophallus titanum (Becc.) Becc. Ex Arcang], a plant species belonging to the family of Araceae is known for its gigantic floral size and elicited rotten fragrance when the flower bloom. Since it remains only found in Sumatran island, many authors categorized the plant as endemic species. The population of the species in the natural habitat has significantly declined because of the conversion of forest land mainly into plantations or other land uses. Considering the importance of conservation attempts to A. titanum, a sufficient data on genetic diversity of the species is necessary. The research was aimed to determine the genetic diversity within and among populations of A. titanum in some area of protected forests in Bengkulu Province, comprising the population of Palak Siring, Tebat Monok, and Air Selimang. RAPD genetic DNA fingerprinting approach was used to assess the genetic diversity of A. titanum using 13 preselected DNA primer: OPA 11, OPA 19, OPC 04, OPN 14, OPN 19, OPU 03, OPU 06, OPU 07, OPB 17, OPC 07, OPO 04, OPU03-1, OPNI 18E. The result revealed that the method has successfully produced several DNA fragments with varied length ranging from 250 bp to 2000 bp with 4-16 variation in polymorphic bands. Based on RAPD marker analysis, the population of Air Selimang was considered as a potential center of diversity of A. titanum because of the others two populations had a lower genetic diversity. In general, the genetic diversity among populations was lower than within population. The cluster analysis of the genetic similarity of 22 individuals of the three populations resulted in the separation into two main groups with the first group consisting of 17 individuals (Population Air Selimang and Tebat Monok) and the second group of 5 individuals (Palak Siring population).
Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are important pests of horticultural crops. This study investigates the abundance and species richness of Bogor and Depok District as a center area horticulture commodity based on Cue Lure Trap. Each Cue Lure Trap was observed to record the abundance and species richness of fruit flies at seven days intervals from June until August 2021 in Bogor District (Babakan, Mekarsari and Parigi Mekar) and Depok District (Bedahan and Pancoran Mas), West Java, Indonesia. A total of 1,025 individuals were collected and consist of nine species of fruit fly i.e., Bactrocera albistrigata, B. carambolae, B. neocognata, B. verbascifoliae, Dacus conopsoides, D. longicornis, Zeugodacus calumniata, Z. caudatus, and Z. cucurbitae. The number of individuals of fruit flies was highest in the Bedahan, Depok District (F = 5.454, P = 0.002). Zeugodacus cucurbitae was the most abundant species (792 individuals), representing 77.27% of the specimens collected during the sampling period. The highest Shannon–Wiener diversity index of all fruit flies captured in this study was in Bedahan, Depok (1.11) and the lowest in Parigi Mekar, Bogor (0.23). A Bray–Curtis analysis showed that the species compositions of fruit flies on Bedahan and Parigi Mekar had a similarity of 70.1%.
Abstract. Afandhi A, Choliq FA, Fernando I, Marpaung YMAN, Setiawan Y. 2022. Occurrence of soil-inhabiting entomopathogenic fungi within a conventional and organic farm and their virulence against Spodoptera litura. Biodiversitas 23: 1172-1180. Naturally occurring entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) are important components in agroecosystems as they serve as biocontrol agents of insect and mite pests. However, some cultivation practices may have deleterious effects on EPF. In this study, the occurrence of soil-inhabiting EPF was investigated between a conventional and organic farm. EPF was baited using Tenebrio molitor larvae, and their virulence was tested against Spodoptera litura larvae. The results showed a higher occurrence of EPF in the organic farm than the conventional farm, with Aspergillus sp., Beauveria sp., and Gliocladium sp. were exclusively found in organic soils. Among the twenty-five EPF isolates obtained, only four isolates were avirulent against S. litura larvae. Isolates belonging to Beauveria, Metarhizium, and Paecilomyces genera caused high mortality of S. litura larvae ranging from 40 to 65%. There was a significant positive relationship between the conidial viability of EPF and larval mortality. Since virulent isolates were found in conventional soils, efforts in preserving EPF prevalence are needed through the implementation of appropriate cultivation practices. The synthetic agrochemicals exclusion, organic fertilizers application, and crop rotation practiced in the organic farm should be integrated into any other agroecosystems as a form of conservation biological control strategies to strengthen the pest control service provided by EPF.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.