This study aims to assess and analyze the Culture of Corruption Politicians' Behavior in Parliament and State Official During Reform Government Indonesia (Genealogical Study) This study is genealogical research based on the literature, journals and reporting publications of Indonesian corruption culture. The result of the study concluded that culture corruption behavior of politicians in the parliament and bureaucracy in the reform era in Indonesia is still ongoing corruption can be said as a culture of corruption that has been so severe, that Indonesia is almost categorized as a kleptocracy country, and as a country ruled by thieves (klepto) and even has been spread of viral infections or COVID-19.. This crime could even be called state organized crime in a corrupt government. This crime is based on the achievement of individual interests, groups or political parties and retains the power. The lack of success of Indonesian government in resolving the case of state officials or politicians involved in corruption, collusion and nepotism rapidly lightly court decisions, many cases delayed in its prosecution process, even termination of the case of important officials state to be an indication the weakness of law enforcement against white-collar criminals in Indonesia. This happens due to the severity of conflict of interest so the solution is often based on the interests or political bargaining and abuse of power.
Abstract-This research discusses human trafficking in Indonesia, where most of the victims were trafficked to neighboring countries such as Malaysia and Singapore. It analyzes human trafficking in three dimensions at the national level, i.e. (1) institutional, (2) social and cultural, and (3) process dimensions. It argues that despite the size of the persistent demands for trafficking in the host countries, the threedimensional factors are crucial to cope with, in order to eradicate trafficking. Eliminating or regulating trafficking and prostitution in the host countries has so far been slow in progress. International and regional cooperation in East and Southeast Asia has been lacking vigor in its institutionalization and enforcement. Anti-trafficking policies and actions at the national level have the advantages of sovereign authority of its government, if compared to regional institution or international convention, and freedom enjoyed by civil society and local communities. However, the complexities of human trafficking as an organized transnational crime requires holistic approach to combat and study, including careful analysis on the three dimensions of the crime.
This article discusses the experience of women accused of 'killing' their husbands, with the punishment they experienced. The type of research is feminist, with a qualitative approach. Women who commit killings against their own husbands, in criminology are said to be 'typical' crimes. In a positivist (normative) legal review, these women are said to be perpetrators of murder crimes. From a criminological point of view, the perpetrator actually shows his position as a victim of domestic violence. The crimes committed by them are gender-based crimes. The focus of this paper is about punishments given to those who do not always use the PKDRT Law, even though they are within the household sphere. This study showed the experience of wives accused of being the perpetrators of murder crimes, who were victims, which had implications for the form of punishment against them. In criminology known as victims who become perpetrators.
Many studies on campus sexual assault in the past use lifestyle-routine activities theory to explain the crime. According to those studies, certain lifestyle factors can increase the likelihood of victimization while still in college. Our research shows that the two theories fail to explain that several institutional policies or regulations set by universities can limit and shape an individual's lifestyle, thus increasing the risk of victimization. These policies or regulations include class schedules, thesis consultancies, and campus-community service programs. Against this background, the authors argue that the root cause of campus sexual assault lies in the patriarchal culture in the Indonesia context hence women have a higher risk of victimization than men.
South Kalimantan Province is the province with the highest number of child marriage cases, according to data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) in 2017 and 2019. This has resulted in various negative impacts, one of which is the high maternal mortality rate, as well as the low human development index (HDI) in the province, which is placed at the 22nd position from 34 provinces in Indonesia. This paper aims to examine various strategic actors who can prevent and reduce the practice of child marriage in South Kalimantan Province in three levels of analysis: the macro, mezzo, and micro levels. This paper seeks the relationship between the three aspects of structure, culture, and social processes at the three macro, mezzo, and micro levels, as the concept of analysis used to prevent child marriage practices from a child protection perspective and SRHR issues. This study uses a qualitative approach through in-depth interview methods to key policy makers and is supported by focus group discussions (FGD) to participants in discussions from various backgrounds, both government agencies, and non-governmental organizations concerned with the issue of child and women's protection in South Kalimantan Province.
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