Abstract-This research discusses human trafficking in Indonesia, where most of the victims were trafficked to neighboring countries such as Malaysia and Singapore. It analyzes human trafficking in three dimensions at the national level, i.e. (1) institutional, (2) social and cultural, and (3) process dimensions. It argues that despite the size of the persistent demands for trafficking in the host countries, the threedimensional factors are crucial to cope with, in order to eradicate trafficking. Eliminating or regulating trafficking and prostitution in the host countries has so far been slow in progress. International and regional cooperation in East and Southeast Asia has been lacking vigor in its institutionalization and enforcement. Anti-trafficking policies and actions at the national level have the advantages of sovereign authority of its government, if compared to regional institution or international convention, and freedom enjoyed by civil society and local communities. However, the complexities of human trafficking as an organized transnational crime requires holistic approach to combat and study, including careful analysis on the three dimensions of the crime.
AbstrakPenelitian ini membahas tentang keberhasilan Serikat Petani Indonesia (SPI) dalam perjuangan hak asasi petani selama tahun 2001 -2016. Dalam menganalisis studi kasus di atas, penelitian ini menggunakan teori pendekatan integrasi gerakan sosial yang merupakan upaya sintesa dari tiga dimensi/pendekatan yaitu struktur kesempatan politik, struktur mobilisasi sosial, dan pembingkaian kultural. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data-data penelitian ini bersumber dari wawancara serta dokumen dan literatur yang berhubungan dengan penelitian ini. Hasil analisis dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa keberhasilan SPI dalam perjuangan hak asasi petani tahun 2001 -2018 dapat dilihat dari disahkannya 'Deklarasi Hak Asasi Petani dan Masyarakat yang Bekerja di Pedesaan' atau UNDROP oleh Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (PBB). Keberhasilan tersebut tidak dilepaskan dari berperannya masing-masing dimensi/pendekatan, yakni kombinasi antara faktor keterbukaan politik di Indonesia, keberhasilan SPI dalam menjalin jejaring aliansi di berbagai tingkatan (lokal-internasional), dan konstruksi ide mengenai hak asasi petani yang dapat diterima secara universal. Kata kunci: Serikat Petani Indonesia, Gerakan Sosial, Petani, Hak Asasi Petani. during 2001 -2016. This study uses the social movement integration aprproach which is an attempt to synthesize three dimensions / approaches: the structure of political opportunity; structure of social mobilization; and cultural framing. This study uses qualitative research methods with study case approach. The research data is sourced from interviews and documents and literature related to this study. The analysis indicates that the success of SPI in peasant rights struggles in 2001 -2018 can be seen from the ratification of 'Declaration Peasant Rights and Other People Working in Rural Area' or UNDROP at the International level. This success can't be separated from the role of each dimension / approach, namely a combination of factors of political openness in Indonesia, the success of the SPI in networking alliances at various levels (local-international), and the construction of ideas on the rights of farmers that can be accepted universal. Abstract This study analyzes the success of the Indonesian Farmers Union (SPI) in the peasant rights struggle
Social Forestry (SF) is one of the government’s community-based forest management programs, which aims to balance environmental needs with the welfare of communities around the forest. However, in the program’s implementation, due to social norms and gender inequalities, women are often marginalized in access and management of SF. This study analyzes women’s participation in SF, primarily from the perspective and experience of women at the site level. This study used qualitative research; data mining was carried out through focus group discussions (FGD) and interviews with women at the site level and with assistance from civil society organizations (CSOs) in five provinces (Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, Bengkulu, West Kalimantan, Central Sulawesi, and West Papua). This study shows how cultural barriers affect the forms and good practices of women’s participation in SF and their impacts.
East Nusa Tenggara's culture is deeply-rooted in patriarchy. It is more common for women to engage in the private sphere, rather than the public sphere. However, the women of East Nusa Tenggara have recently defied this expectation. In the 2014 Provincial Legislative Election, six women were elected as legislative members for the 2014-2019 period, reflectinga 100 percent increase in the number of women elected as representatives. This event became an important phenomenon, marking the history of women's representation in the parliament. It also became the basis of two questions. First, how the six women managed to enter politics amidst the strong patriarchy in East Nusa Tenggara. Second, the roles of the six women in formulating policies that are gender-responsive.This study focuses on local regulations relating to maternal and child health, the environment, and labor in order to have a holistic view on gender-responsive policies. This study is qualitative in nature and is centered on case study, while information was gathered through an in-depth interview with each of the six female representatives. Furthermore, the administrators of six political parties, namely Nasional Demokrat, GolonganKarya, Demokasi Indonesia Perjuangan, Amanat Nasional, Hati Nurani Rakyat, and Kebangkitan Bangsa were also interviewed. The principal findings of this study show that the election of these women in 2014 are connected to their "acting for" substantive representation and the support given by their families. With the increase of female representation in the legislative sphere, women are encouraged to be engaged in formulating gender-responsive policies in East Nusa Tenggara.
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