When measuring poverty with counting measures, it is worth inquiring into the conditions prompting poverty reduction which not only reduce the average poverty score further but also decrease deprivation inequality among the poor, thereby emphasizing improvements among the poorest of the poor. For comparisons of cross-sectional datasets of the same society in different periods of time (i.e. an anonymous assessment), the literature offers a second-order dominance condition based on reverse generalized Lorenz curves, whose fulfillment ensures that multidimensional poverty decreases along with a reduction in deprivation inequality for a broad family of inequality-sensitive counting poverty measures. However, the condition holds for a predetermined vector of weights for the poverty dimensions. In this paper we refine this second-order condition in order to obtain necessary and sufficient conditions whose fulfillment ensures that multidimensional poverty reduction is robust to a broad array of weighting vectors and inequality-sensitive poverty measures. We illustrate these methods with an application to multidimensional poverty in Peru. JEL classification: I32
Health economic evaluations are comparative analyses of alternative courses of action in terms of their costs and consequences. The Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement, published in 2013, was created to ensure health economic evaluations are identifiable, interpretable, and useful for decision making. It was intended as guidance to help authors report accurately which health interventions were being compared and in what context, how the evaluation was undertaken, what the findings were, and other details that may aid readers and reviewers in interpretation and use of the study. The new CHEERS 2022 statement replaces previous CHEERS reporting guidance. It reflects the need for guidance that can be more easily applied to all types of health economic evaluation, new methods and developments in the field, as well as the increased role of stakeholder involvement including patients and the public. It is also broadly applicable to any form of intervention intended to improve the health of individuals or the population, whether simple or complex, and without regard to context (such as health care, public health, education, social care, etc.). This summary article presents the new CHEERS 2022 28-item checklist and recommendations for each item. The CHEERS 2022 statement is primarily intended for researchers reporting economic evaluations for peer reviewed journals as well as the peer reviewers and editors assessing them for publication. However, we anticipate familiarity with reporting requirements will be useful for analysts when planning studies. It may also be useful for health technology assessment bodies seeking guidance on reporting, as there is an increasing emphasis on transparency in decision making.
La traducción de la doctrina cristiana a las lenguas nativas americanas durante la época colonial española presenta importantes cuestionamientos a la traductología, los cuales incitan al análisis multi-e interdisciplinar. En el presente artículo, revisamos el estado de la cuestión de la lingüística misional y del tratamiento que se ha dado al encuentro cultural, particularmente al acontecido entre indígenas nahuas y misioneros en la Nueva España durante el siglo XVI, desde la filosofía para realizar un análisis de dos ejemplos de traducción con fines de evangelización tomados de los Coloquios de 1524 de fray Bernardino de Sahagún (1986). Anotamos algunos paralelismos entre el caso colonial y ciertas iniciativas actuales y señalamos la pertinencia de algunos conceptos de la lingüística, la traductología y la filosofía para analizar el problema de la comunicación intercultural, así como el fundamento político y cultural que subyace al caso novohispano. Esto nos lleva a preguntarnos en qué medida estas traducciones, realizadas en colaboración por indígenas y misioneros, fueron un factor relevante de resistencia cultural ante los embates colonialistas de imposición religiosa.
A723 hospitalar e custo do procedimento. Métodos: A partir do sistema de faturamento do HIAE foram selecionados 538 procedimentos de septoplastia com turbinectomia e sinusectomia realizados no ano de 2011 que utilizaram as técnicas comparadas neste estudo. Foram incluídos na análise 517 pacientes, 56 procedimentos utilizando o microdebridador e 461 utilizando a técnica convencional. Em média, os pacientes que utilizaram o microdebridador possuíam uma faixa etária mais elevada e um percentual maior dos pacientes apresentaram diagnóstico de sinusite crônica. ResultAdos: Em relação à média de tempo de permanência hospitalar esta foi maior no grupo do microdebridador (28 horas versus 22 horas no grupo da técnica convencional, p= 0,002). A quantidade média de unidades de cola e de hemostático foi maior no grupo que utilizou o microdebridador. Não houve diferença estatística entre os grupos nos desfechos de tempo de cirurgia e nas taxas de readmissão hospitalar. No desfecho de dor no pós operatório imediato a diferença entre os grupos foi estatisticamente significativa (p = 0,006), indicando um percentual maior de pacientes com escore de dor acima de 5 sendo tratados com o microdebridador, quando comparado com o grupo convencional. Considerando-se o custo do procedimento com a técnica convencional como referência, o uso do microdebridador resultou em um aumento médio de 17,4% em relação à técnica convencional. ConClusões: O uso do microdebridador não se mostrou favorável nos desfechos avaliados, tendo em vista um aumento do tempo de permanência do paciente, uso de colas e hemostáticos em maior quantidade que a técnica convencional e o custo do procedimento foi significativamente mais alto.
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