With the development of approaches and methods in Modern Language teaching that favoured oral communication skills and advocated more “natural” methods of second/foreign language acquisition, methodology calling for translation in the classroom was shunned. Nonetheless, translation used as a resource designed to assist the student in improving his or her knowledge of the foreign language through reading comprehension exercises, contrastive analysis, and reflection on written texts continues to be practiced. By examining student performance in problem-solving tasks at the Autonomous University of Zacatecas, this chapter aims to demonstrate the validity of “pedagogical translation” in ELT in Mexico, particularly at undergraduate level where it is an integral part of English reading courses in Humanities study programmes, not as an end in itself, but as a means to perfecting reading skills in a foreign language and furthermore as an aid for consolidating writing and communication skills in the student's first language.
La traducción de la doctrina cristiana a las lenguas nativas americanas durante la época colonial española presenta importantes cuestionamientos a la traductología, los cuales incitan al análisis multi-e interdisciplinar. En el presente artículo, revisamos el estado de la cuestión de la lingüística misional y del tratamiento que se ha dado al encuentro cultural, particularmente al acontecido entre indígenas nahuas y misioneros en la Nueva España durante el siglo XVI, desde la filosofía para realizar un análisis de dos ejemplos de traducción con fines de evangelización tomados de los Coloquios de 1524 de fray Bernardino de Sahagún (1986). Anotamos algunos paralelismos entre el caso colonial y ciertas iniciativas actuales y señalamos la pertinencia de algunos conceptos de la lingüística, la traductología y la filosofía para analizar el problema de la comunicación intercultural, así como el fundamento político y cultural que subyace al caso novohispano. Esto nos lleva a preguntarnos en qué medida estas traducciones, realizadas en colaboración por indígenas y misioneros, fueron un factor relevante de resistencia cultural ante los embates colonialistas de imposición religiosa.
Crucial in the moments of initial contact and military conflict during the conquest, translation and interpreting continued to play a fundamental role throughout the 16th and 17th centuries in the New Spain. With evangelization both the means and end to control and conquest, the ideological conflict required the active participation of both translators and interpreters. Community interpreting in the context of conflict, colonization and evangelization in the region saw the collaboration of various actors/agents, and there is much speculation, if little reliable documentation, regarding their participation. This paper aims to analyse the role of interpreters and translators in the indoctrination of the local populations through a study of the document known as Los Coloquios de 1524, a text compiled fifty years after the actual conquest, that aspired to reconstruct the first contact with, and attempts at evangelization of, the indigenous population by Spanish Franciscan friars. Apparently under the supervision of the Franciscans, the role of indigenous Nahuatl speaking interpreters was paramount in the conceptualization -via Nahuatl- of Christianity in the New Spain, first interpreting indigenous religious and cultural practice and then adapting and reconstructing notions of Christianity for local consumption. Through the translation and interpretation of conflict between languages, religions and worldviews, changes in ideas, language and culture, and thus power, took place in the interstices and metaphorical spaces of negotiation.
A tradução da doutrina cristã para as línguas nativas americanas durante a época colonial espanhola apresenta importantes questionamentos para a tradutologia, os quais incitam a análise multi e interdisciplinar. No presente artigo, examinamos o estado da questão da linguística missionária, e do tratamento que foi dado ao encontro cultural que aconteceu entre indígenas nahuas e missionários na Nova Espanha durante o século XVI, desde a filosofia, para realizar uma análise de dois exemplos de tradução com fins de evangelização retirados dos Coloquios de 1524 do frei Bernardino de Sahagún (1986). Relacionamos alguns paralelismos entre o caso colonial e certas iniciativas atuais, e sublinhamos a pertinência de alguns conceitos da linguística, da tradutologia e da filosofia para analisar o problema da comunicação intercultural, assim como o fundamento político e cultural subjacente no caso da Nova Espanha. O tema leva-nos à seguinte pergunta: em que medida essas traduções, realizadas em conjunto por indígenas e missionários, foram um fator relevante de resistência cultural diante dos embates colonialistas de imposição religiosa?
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