Salatiga Groundwater Basin (SGB) is located in Java Island, Indonesia. Administratively, it covers Semarang Regency, Salatiga City, and Boyolali Regency. Industry and community use groundwater to fulfil their daily need. Increasing number of deep wells that extract groundwater will cause some environmental problems, such as lowering groundwater level and subsidence at SGB. Thus, there is a need to assess the adverse impacts of groundwater abstraction. Risk assessment of groundwater vulnerability due to abstraction is the goal of this study. The research method was taking account of weighting of geological parameters, such as response characteristics of the aquifers, characteristics of aquifer storage, aquifer thickness, piezometric depth, and distance from the shoreline to conduct the groundwater vulnerability mapping. It was then overlaid on a map of regional spatial plan to develop the map of vulnerability risk due to abstraction. The groundwater vulnerability due to abstraction is categorized in the medium level. After being overlaid by the land use map, the risk of groundwater vulnerability due to abstraction is classified into three kinds, which are low, medium, and high. Regions with a low class can be neglected. Areas with moderate risk require an exhaustive review of technical requirements of the use of borewell. Areas with high-risk need a comprehensive consideration to use artesian wells by monitoring wells with drill licenses, tightening the permit to add new production wells, and conducting periodic review of groundwater monitoring.
Sunda Arc represent Quaternary magmatism as one of the most significantly active volcanic arc in Indonesia resulted from subduction of oceanic plate beneath continental plate. Along this subduction system, there are systematic variations in subduction angle, depth, crust thickness, and composition contribute to geochemical characteristic of igneous rocks along and across the arc. This study compared mineralogy and geochemistry characteristics from two volcanoes which represent across-arc variation. Petrographic analysis have been conducted on rocks’ thin section samples from Ungaran and Muria Volcano to characterize mineralogy of rocks. Selected samples were analyzed using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) for geochemistry of major and trace elements. Mineralogy of Ungaran rocks are dominated by plagioclase, clinopyroxene, and hornblende phenocrysts with composition range from andesite to basaltic andesite of high-K calc alkaline series. Samples from Muria Volcano are from alkaline series characterized by feldspathoid and alkali feldspar rich rocks with calcic plagioclase and pyroxene phenocrysts. This mineral assemblages, supported by major elements data suggest fractionation process in magma. Geochemical trend is systematically consistent with other island arc setting, where there is significant increase of total alkali from Ungaran to Muria. Trace element data shows decreasing in LILE/HFSE ratio further from arc. This suggests that Ungaran has more crustal and subducted slab influence, while Muria has higher degree of partial melting from deeper Benioff Zone.
Kasongan adalah salah satu sentra industri keramik dan gerabah di Yogyakarta yang terletak di Desa Bangunjiwo, Kecamatan Kasihan, Kabupaten Bantul. Pada saat ini industri keramik dan gerabah Kasongan mengalami kesulitan bahan baku lempung dikarenakan cadangan lempung di Desa Bangunjiwo yang selama ini digunakan semakin berkurang jumlahnya. Berdasarkan studi pustaka diketahui bahwa di Godean terdapat cadangan lempung, sehingga perlu diteliti apakah bisa digunakan sebagai bahan baku dalam industri keramik dan gerabah. Metode yang digunakan untuk menguji karakteristik lempung tersebut adalah dengan analisis XRD, XRF, analisis tingkat kecerahan, analisis ukuran butir dan pengujian pembuatan gerabah dari lempung tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mineral lempung penyusun lempung Bangunjiwo adalah kaolinit dan haloisit, sedangkan di Godean terususun atas kaolinit, haloisit dan smektit. Dalam pengujian pembuatan gerabah dengan lempung dari kedua daerah tersebut menunjukkan perbedaan hasil, dimana lempung dari Godean menghasilkan gerabah yang tidak menyerupai ciri khas gerabah Kasongan yang berwarna merah terang. Dengan demikian lempung dari Godean tidak bisa digunakan sebagai pengganti bahan baku industri gerabah Kasongan. [Title: The Characteristic Comparison of Kasongan Clay and Godean Clay as Raw Material in Kasongan pottery Industry] Kasongan is the center of ceramics and pottery industry in Yogyakarta,located in Bangunjiwo village, Kasihan District, Bantul Regency. Nowadays, the ceramics and pottery industry is difficult to find the raw material because of the decrease of the Bangunjiwo clay deposit. Based on literature review, there are clay deposits found in Godean which can be observed their characteristics as basic commodity in the ceramics and pottery industry. The methods apllied in this research are XRD and XRF analysis,brightness analysis, grain size analysis and making pottery from those clays.The result of the research shows that the clay in Bangunjiwo consists of kaolinite and halloysite, while clay in Godean consists of kaolinite, halloysite and smectite. The pottery products made from those clays show different characteristics. The clay from Godean does not show bright red colour as the Kasongan clay. So the clay from Godean can not be used as the alternative raw material for the Kasongan pottery industry.
Semburan lumpur Sidoarjo mengeluarkan volume sebesar ±80.000 m3setiap hari dan hanya dapat diatasi ±60.000 m3 dengan cara mengalirkannya ke laut melalui Kali Porong. Surplus endapan lumpur tersebut meluap dan menggenangi daerah di sekitar pusat semburan lumpur sehingga menimbulkan masalah. Artikel ini memuat analisis mineralogi dan kandungan kimia dari endapan lumpur Sidoarjo sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sesuai karakteristiknya. Sampel lumpur dinalisa menggunakan metode X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) dan X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) untuk mengetahui mineralogi dan kandungan kimianya. Genesis dari endapan Lumpur Sidoarjo diinterpretasikan berasal dari batuan sedimen vulkaniklastik Formasi Kalibeng Atas yang bercampur dengan endapan Aluvial (Qa) karena mineral-mineral lempung yang dijumpai didominasi oleh mineral montmorillonit. Keberadaan Zona Sesar Watukosek yang memanjang dari Kompleks Gunungapi Arjuno-Welirang diinterpretasikan memberikan kontrol struktur terhadap pembentukan gunungapi lumpur Sidoarjo. Pemanfaatan endapan Lumpur Sidoarjo berdasarkan mineralogi dan kandungan kimianya dikelompokkan menjadi lima bidang, yaitu kesehatan, pertanian, perikanan, industri, dan kosmetik. Setiap bidang pemanfaatan membutuhkan mineral-mineral lempung khusus sehingga endapan Lumpur Sidoarjo harus diolah terlebih dahulu untuk menghilangkan unsur pengotor, mineral berat, pengecilan ukuran, peningkatan kemampuan absorpsi, dan kapasitas tukar kation.
AbstrakDaerah Sangon, Kokap, Kulon Progo, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta tersusun dari Formasi Andesit Tua. Vulkanisme Pegunungan Kulon Progo telah mengendapkan mineral logam, salah satunya di daerah Sangon. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui tipe alterasi, tipe mineralisasi, serta hubungan pola sebaran urat kuarsa dengan tipe alterasi dan tipe mineralisasi. Penelitian dilakukan pada kavling seluas 2 x 2 km 2 dengan melakukan pemetaan geologi dan analisis laboratorium. Observasi lapangan mencakup pengambilan data struktur dan batuan. Analisis laboratorium yang dilakukan antara lain analisis petrografi, mineragrafi, dan XRD untuk mengetahui mineral primer, sekunder, dan logam. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa stratigrafi daerah penelitian termasuk ke dalam Formasi Andesit Tua berupa batuan lava andesit dan andesit porfir. Struktur geologi yang berkembang berupa sesar geser yang mempengaruhi mineralisasi logam. Pada bagian utara daerah penelitian mempunyai dimensi urat relatif kecil, tipe alterasi lanjut argilik dan inner propilitik, mineral logam emas, pirit, kalkopirit, arsenopirit, sfalerit dengan suhu yang rendah 50 o C -120 o C. Di bagian tengah daerah penelitian mempunyai dimensi urat relatif besar, tipe alterasi propilitik, mineral logam pirit, kalkopirit dengan suhu yang rendah 200 o C -340 o C. Kavling bagian selatan mempunyai dimensi urat relatif kecil, tipe alterasi filik, mineral logam pirit, kalkopirit dengan suhu yang rendah 280 o C -400 o C. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa Daerah Sangon adalah lokasi endapan epitermal sulfida rendah.Kata Kunci : Sangon, Formasi Andesit Tua, epitermal sulfida rendah. Abstract Sangon area, Kokap, Kulon Progo, Special Region Yogyakarta consist of the Old Andesite Formation. Kulon Progo Tertiary Volcanic deposited metal minerals, one of them is in the Sangon area. The aim of this research is to know the type of alteration, mineralization, and the relation of the pattern of quartz vein distribution with the type of alteration and the type of mineralization.The study was conducted on a 2 x 2 km 2 area by conducting field observation and laboratory analysis. Field observation includes data collection of structures and rocks. Laboratory analysis included petrography analysis, mineragraphy, and XRD to know primary, secondary, and metal minerals. The results of the analysis indicate that the stratigraphy of the study area consist of lava rocks and porous andesite as part of the Old Andesite Formation. The geological structure that developed within the area is a branch shear fault that affects metal mineralization. The northern plots have relatively small urate dimensions, advanced argillic alteration and inner propylitic type, gold metal minerals, pyrite, chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite, sphalerite with low temperature 50oC -120oC. The middle plot has a relatively large urate dimension, type of propylitic alteration, pyrite metal minerals, chalcopyrite with a low temperature of 200oC -340oC. The southern portion has relatively small urate dimensions, type of phyllic alterat...
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