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Geographical position and feed quality of farms in highland and lowland, particularly in the tropical region, cause the differences in milk quality. One of the factors that influenced milk quality is the fatty acid (FA) profile of milk. The objective of this study is to compare the FA profiles of milk produced by farms in highland and lowland regions. Milk sampling was done by random purposive method at two regions which have different altitudes. Milk sampling was conducted with 28 farmers whose cows were fed botanically diverse forages and with commercial mix concentrate of dairy cows. The FA profiles of the milk samples were analyzed using Gas Chromatography (GC-7820A/G4350B, Agilent Technologies). Individual FAME was identified by comparison to standard mixture Supelco 37 Component FAME Mix and standard CLA (O5507, Sigma-Aldrich). The FA profiles were statistically analyzed for normality test and t-test carried out by SPSS ver.22. There were nine significantly different FA profiles consisting of C6:0, C10:0, C12:0, C14:0, C16:0, C18:0, C18:1-trans9, C18:2-trans, C18:2-cis, and C18:2-CLA. The milk from the lowland region has higher PUFA content, especially CLA content, and also has lower SFA content. The conclusion is milk from highland and lowland regions consists of different FA profiles.

ABSTRAKRagi dan kurkumin dari C. xanthorrhiza Roxb (temulawak) dapat ditambahkan ke dalam konsentrat yang mengandung asam lemak tak jenuh (polyunsaturated fatty acid, PUFA) untuk memperbaiki kandungan asam lemak susu pada kambing perah. Terdapat lima perlakuan (PD0: PUFAdiet tanpa aditif; PDA: PUFA-diet dengan 3 tablet Asifit; PDY: PUFA-diet dengan 5 g ragi; PDC: PUFA-diet dengan 20 g tepung curcuma; dan PDM: PUFA-diet dengan campuran 5 g ragi dan 20 g tepung curcuma) diaplikasikan pada 20 ekor kambing perah pada fase laktasi akhir (4.6 ± 0.55 bulan laktasi) menggunakan randomized complete block design. Hasil menunjukkan konsistensi pada PUFAdiet dengan 5 g ragi dan 20 g curcuma mengandung konsentrasi yang tinggi pada total fatty acid, MCFA, LCFA, dan PUFA. Kualitas asam lemak susu pada kambing perah dengan diet ini mengandung beberapa asam lemak dengan level yang tinggi, yaitu LCFA dan MUFA; namun, rendah untuk SCFA, n6/n3, dan atherogenicity index. Kualitas ini dinilai optimal dalam memproduksi susu yang sehat. Oleh karena itu, PUFA-diet dengan 5 g ragi dan 20 g curcuma merupakan pilihan yang tepat untuk diaplikasikan pada kambing perah.Kata Kunci: asam lemak susu kambing, Curcuma, PUFA-diet, ragi ABSTRACTYeast and curcumin of C. xanthorrhiza Roxb could be added into concentrate containing polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) to improve milk fatty acid quality of dairy goat. There were five treatments (PD0: PUFA-diet with no additive; PDA: PUFA-diet with 3 Asifit tablets; PDY: PUFA-diet with 5 g yeast; PDC: PUFA-diet with 20 g curcuma powder; and PDM: PUFA-diet with a mixture of 5 g yeast and 20 g curcuma powder) applied onto 20 dairy goats during late lactation (4.6 ± 0.55 months of lactation). The treatments were allocated according to a completely completely randomized block design. Results demonstrated that diet containing PUFA supplemented with 5 g yeast and 20 g curcuma were high in total fatty acid, medium chain fatty acid (MCFA), and long chain fatty acid (LCFA). Milk of goats with this treatment showed high in mono unsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and MUFA; while it was low in short chain fatty acid (SCFA), n6/n3 ratio, and atherogenicity index. These qualities were optimally considered good in terms of healthier product. Therefore, the PUFA-diet with 5 g yeast and 20 g curcuma was a reasonable choice to be applied for dairy goat.

Bangsa sapi Friesian Holstein (FH) memiliki produksi susu tertinggi dibandingkan bangsa-bangsa sapi perah lainnya. Sapi FH mengalami peningkatan produksi susu sebanyak 23% selama periode 25 tahun

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