Rumen Microbial Population in the In vitro Fermentation of Different Ratios of Forage and Concentrate in the Presence of Whole Lerak (Sapindus rarak) Fruit Extract

Suharti, Sri; Astuti, Dewi Apri; Wina, Elizabeth; Toharmat, Toto

doi:10.5713/ajas.2011.10409

Cited by 24 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This result might be due to the use of compounds produced from digestion of crude protein by the experimental cattle as was reflected by the increased N retention in cattle fed complete rations containing soybean pod and soybean by-product (Table 4). However, the ammonia concentrations in this study were lower than those reported by Suharti et al (2011) that the use of forage (native gras) up to 90% in the in vitro fermentation produced rumen ammonia around 12.3 mM. Furthermore, Suharti et al (2015) also reported that the use of high forage feed in beef cattle produced ammonia concentrations that were similar with this study (around 7.47 mM).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 49%

“…Before being injected to the GC machine, the 1.5 mL rumen supernatant was mixed with 30 mg sulfosalicylic acid (C 7 H 6 O 6 S.2H 2 O) and centrifuged with refrigerated centrifuge (7°C) at 12,000 rpm for 10 min. Thus, the solution was injected to the GC around 0.5 µL (Suharti et al, 2011). Methane estimation was calculated from the molar proportion of VFA according to Moss et al (2000) by using the formula: 0.45(C2) -0.275(C3) + 0.4(C4) where C2= acetate, C3= propionate, and C4= butyrate.…”

Section: Sampling and Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fermentation Characteristics and Nitrogen Retention of Madura Cattle Fed Complete Rations Containing Soybean Pod and By-Products

Wiryawan

Saefudin

Fuah

et al. 2017

Med Pet

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This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of complete rations containing soybean pod and soybean by-products (soybean meal and tofu waste) on rumen microbial population, fermentation characteristics, nutrient digestibility, and nitrogen retention of Madura cattle. Twelve Madura cattle of 1.5 years of age were given 4 feeding treatments in triplicates in randomized block design experiment. The treatments included T0 (100% native grass) as a negative control, T1 (concentrate: grass (60:40) as a positive control, T2 (complete ration containing 15% soybean pods), and T3 (complete ration containing 30% soybean pods). The treatments were based on feeding practices commonly applied by farmers in the village. The results showed that the use of concentrate rations or complete rations containing soybean pod and by-product did not affect protozoa population, ammonia concentration, and total VFA production compared to cattle fed 100% native grass. In contrast, the use of concentrate rations or complete rations containing soybean pod and by-products reduced acetate and increased butyrate proportion compared to native grass. The use of a concentrate ration resulted the highest propionate proportion. Methane estimation increased with the use of concentrate ration or complete ration containing 15% soybean pod, but it decreased when the level of soybean pod was increased to 30%. It can be concluded that soybean pod has a potential to be used as a fiber source in beef cattle ration to substitute native grass.Keywords: rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen retention, madura cattle, soybean pod ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh ransum komplit yang mengandung kulit polong kedelai dan hasil ikutan kedelai (bungkil kedelai dan ampas tahu) pada populasi mikrob rumen, karakteristik fermentasi, kecernaan nutrien, dan retensi nitrogen. Penelitian menggunakan 12 ekor sapi Madura umur 1,5 tahun. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok dengan 4 perlakuan pakan dan setiap perlakuan terdiri atas 3 kelompok sebagai ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah T0 (100% rumput lapang)/kontrol negatif, T1 (konsentrat:hijauan= 60:40)/ kontrol positif, T2 (ransum komplit yang mengandung kulit polong kedelai 15%), dan T3 (ransum komplit yang mengandung kulit polong kedelai 30%). Perlakuan yang digunakan berbasis pada pakan yang biasa digunakan oleh rakyat peternak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ransum komplit yang mengandung ikutan kedelai serta kulit polong kedelai 15% dan 30% tidak mempengaruhi populasi protozoa, konsentrasi amonia, dan produksi VFA total dibandingkan dengan ransum yang 100% rumput lapang. Sebaliknya, penggunaan ransum konsentrat atau ransum komplit yang mengandung kulit polong kedelai dan hasil ikutan kedelai mampu menurunkan proporsi asetat dan meningkatkan proporsi butirat dibandingkan dengan ternak yang mendapat rumput lapang saja. Penggunaan ransum konsentrat menghasilkan proporsi propionat yang paling tinggi. Estimasi metan meningkat dengan penggunaan ransum kon...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 49%

Section: Sampling and Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fermentation Characteristics and Nitrogen Retention of Madura Cattle Fed Complete Rations Containing Soybean Pod and By-Products

Wiryawan

Saefudin

Fuah

et al. 2017

Med Pet

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“…The different responses might be due to the low digestible carbohydrate and protein contents in napier grass silage resulting in differences microbial populations, thereby decreasing total VFA concentration. Suharti et al (2011) reported that production of total VFA increased when the level of concentrate in ration increased. Molar proportion of acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid in the rumen fluid was not affected by treatments.…”

Section: In Vitro Digestibility and Rumen Fermentation Of Napier Grasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of Napier Grass Silage Nutritive Value by Using Inoculant and Crude Enzyme from Trichoderma reesei and Its Effect on in Vitro Rumen Fermentation

Nurjana

Suharti

Suryahadi

2015

Med Pet

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This research was aimed to evaluate the effect of inoculant and crude enzyme of Trichoderma reesei on fermentation quality and rumen digestibility of napier grass silage. This research consisted of two stages. The first stage was fermentation quality using a completely randomized design with three treatments and six replications. The second stage was rumen fermentability using a randomized block design with three treatments and six replications. The treatments of both stages were: T0= control of napier grass silage (Hi-fer+), T1= control + T. reesei inoculant at the level of 2.13 x 10 7 cfu/ kg, and T2= control + crude enzyme from T. reesei at the level of 11.4 unit/kg. Napier grass silage were kept at room temperature and opened 21 d after fermentation. The result of the first stage experiment showed that T2 decreased (P<0.01) dry matter, organic matter, crude fiber, and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and also increased (P<0.05) crude protein, total digestible nutrient (TDN), pH, acetic acid, and propionic acid of napier grass silage while T1 decreased (P<0.01) NDF and increased (P<0.05) propionic acid. The result of the second stage experiment showed that there were no significant differences in rumen pH, in vitro dry matter and organic matter digestibility, total VFA, proportion of VFA, ratio of acetic to propionic acids, and also NH 3 . It is concluded that the addition of crude enzyme from T. reesei could improve fermentation quality of napier grass silage with decreasing NDF and increasing TDN but did not affect rumen fermentability.

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“…Suharti et al (2011) found that the addition of the S. rarak extract did not affect the total SCFA production, but the concentration of 0.8 mg mL -1 increased the propionic acid proportion and reduced the acetate:propionate ratio.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…According to Brum et al (2007), the negative factors are the promotion of diseases and decreases in animal performance. Suharti et al (2011) observed positive effects on the SCFA profile and a decrease in ruminal CH 4 production, when using saponins isolated from Sapindus rarak; this is important given that saponins are also found in U. humidicola (Oliveira et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Methanolic extract of Urochloa humidicola on in vitro rumen fermentation

Freitas

Nepomuceno

Modesto

et al. 2018

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the addition of the methanolic extract of Urochloa humidicola at four different concentrations (0, 75, 150, and 250 g L -1 ) on the in vitro rumen fermentation of Urochloa brizantha. The following variables were evaluated by the in vitro gas production technique: kinetic parameters; rumen degradation of dry matter; and production and concentration of the methane and carbon dioxide gases and of the acetate, propionate, and butyrate short-chain fatty acids. The addition of the methanolic extract reduces the production of gases generated from the degradation of nonfibrous carbohydrates (fraction A) in 9.55, 6.67, and 13.33%, respectively, at the concentrations of 75, 150, and 250 g L -1, compared with the control group, but it negatively affects the degradation of the dry matter of U. brizantha at the concentrations of 150 and 250 g L -1. The extract shows negative quadratic effect on gas production during 12 and 24 hours of U. brizantha incubation. The extract of U. humidicola reduces methane production and increases short-chain fatty acid production at the concentrations of 75, 150, and 250 g L -1. Index terms: Urochloa humidicola, methane mitigation, rumen metabolism, secondary plant metabolites. Extrato metanólico de Urochloa humidicola na fermentação ruminal in vitroResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da adição de extrato metanólico de Urochloa humidicola em quatro diferentes concentrações (0, 75, 150 e 250 g L -1) sobre a fermentação ruminal in vitro de Urochloa brizantha. As seguintes variáveis foram avaliadas pela técnica de produção de gás in vitro: parâmetros cinéticos; degradação ruminal da matéria seca; e produção e concentração dos gases metano e dióxido de carbono e dos ácidos graxos de cadeia curta acetato, propionato e butirato. A inclusão do extrato metanólico reduz a produção de gases oriundos da degradação dos carboidratos não fibrosos (fração A) em 9,55, 6,67 e 13,33%, respectivamente, às concentrações de 75, 150 e 250 g L -1, em comparação ao grupo controle, mas influencia negativamente a degradação da matéria seca de U. brizantha às concentrações de 150 e 250 g L -1. O extrato apresenta efeito quadrático negativo na produção de gás durante 12 e 24 horas de incubação de U. brizantha. O extrato de U. humidicola reduz a produção de metano e aumenta a produção de ácidos graxos de cadeia curta às concentrações de 75, 150, e 250 g L -1. Termos para indexação: Urochloa humidicola, mitigação de metano, metabolismo ruminal, metabólitos secundários de plantas.

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Rumen Microbial Population in the In vitro Fermentation of Different Ratios of Forage and Concentrate in the Presence of Whole Lerak (Sapindus rarak) Fruit Extract

Cited by 24 publications

References 25 publications

Fermentation Characteristics and Nitrogen Retention of Madura Cattle Fed Complete Rations Containing Soybean Pod and By-Products

Fermentation Characteristics and Nitrogen Retention of Madura Cattle Fed Complete Rations Containing Soybean Pod and By-Products

Improvement of Napier Grass Silage Nutritive Value by Using Inoculant and Crude Enzyme from Trichoderma reesei and Its Effect on in Vitro Rumen Fermentation

Methanolic extract of Urochloa humidicola on in vitro rumen fermentation

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