Group 1, 2 and 3 (p<0.05). Based on the Median Control test, the value of 8% East Java propolis extracts was 1,000, which was the best value compared to 2.5% NaOCl, 5% NaOCl and aquadest. Conclusion: It can be concluded that 8% East Java propolis extract is the most effective solution for cleaning root canal walls compared with 2.5% NaOCl and 5% NaOCl.
Background: Root canal irrigation is an important stage in root canal treatment as it is requires to eliminate necrotic and debris tissue as well as root canal wetting. Unfortunately, root canal irrigation can cause the material utilised to pass into the apical foramen leading to periapical complications. Consequently, the irrigation solution should have low toxicity. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is a commonly used irrigation solution since it has antibacterial properties. Moreover, NaOCl is also known to have the ability to dissolve necrotic tissue, vital pulp tissue and organic components of dentin and biofilms. Nevertheless, it can still cause damage when coming into contact with periapical tissues. On the other hand, Mangosteen peel extract (Garcinia mangostana L.), also has antibacterial activities. Hence, Mangosteen peel extract is assumed to be employable as an alternative irrigation solution. Purpose: This research aimed to reveal the toxicity levels of NaOCl and Mangosteen peel extract (Garcinia mangostin L.) used as irrigation solution in human periodontal ligament fibroblast cells (HPdLFc). Methods: HPdLFc were obtained from periapical tissues taken from one third of the first premolar teeth cultured. These cells were subsequently divided into several groups exposed to NaOCl and Mangosteen peel extract at certain concentrations. A toxicity test was then conducted using MTT assay. The results were analyzed with an Elisa reader. Cell deaths and LC50 were then calculated. Results: NaOCl became toxic at a concentration of 0.254 µl/ml or 0.025%, while Mangosteen peel extract became so at one of 2.099 ug/ml or 0.209%. Conclusion: NaOCl can be toxic at a concentration of 0.254 µl/ml or 0.025% and Mangosteen peel extract at one of 2.099 μg/ml or 0.209%.
Background:The presence of Enterococcus faecalis in root canal is considered as one of the factors causing root canal treatment failure since the bacteria are capable of producing glucosyltransferase enzymes that play a role in forming endodontic biofilms. Hence, the bacteria are resistant to antibiotics. On the other hand, cocoa pod husk extract which is rich in chemical components especially flavonoids, tannins, and saponins, is thought to have an ability to inhibit Enterococcus faecalis glucosyltransferase enzyme activity. Aim: The aim of this research is to analyze the inhibitory ability of cocoa pod husk extract against E. faecalis glucosyltransferase enzyme activity. Materials and methods: A total of 27 research samples were divided into three groups, namely, positive control (chlorhexidine gluconate 2%), negative control (aquades), and cocoa pod husk extract 3.12%. Next the enzymatic activity of each sample group was calculated based on the size of the fructose area read by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) expressed in percent (%) and then converted to μmol/mL fructose which was considered as 1 unit of glucosyltransferase enzyme activity. Subsequently, the data were analyzed statistically using Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: The results of data analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis test showed significant differences between groups of samples (p <0.05). Conclusion:Cocoa pod husk extract of 3.12% has inhibitory effect on E. faecalis glucosyltransferase enzyme activity. Clinical significance: The use of cocoa pod husk extract meets the requirements and is proven useful as an irrigation agent in the treatment of root canals, because it contains antibacterial properties against E. faecalis.
Background. Microleakage is one of the challenging concerns in direct filling restorations. Restoration material should have good adaptation between the restoration and the cavity walls to seal the cavity in a good way. Glass ionomer cement (GIC) is one of restoration material which indicated for class V cavity. GIC has a good adherence to the cavity wall but fragile to liquid contamination during the setting time. Resin modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) is a hybrid glass ionomer cement with the addition of hidroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) in the liquid to increase the properties and endurance to liquid contamination. Aim. The aim of this study was to investigate the difference on microleakage of conventional GIC and resin modified GIC in class V restoration. Material and methods. Class V cavities (depth: 2 mm) were prepared on the cervical surface of 32 human first permanent premolars. Teeth were classified into three groups. Group 1: conventional GIC + varnish. Group 2:RMGIC + varnish. All cavities were restored, then stored in artificial saliva at 37ºC for 24 hours. The teeth were immersed in a 1% methylene blue dye solution for 24 hours, and then rinsed in running water, dried, and sectioned longitudinally. The section were assessed for microleakage of dye penetration by two independent evaluators using a digital microscope. Data were collected and statistically analyzed. Results. RMGIC showed no significant difference with conventional GIC. However, there is a slight difference, RMGIC has a slight lower microleakage than conventional GIC. Conclusion. RMGIC showed only slight lower microleakage than conventional GIC, but not significant.
Background: Lactobacillus acidophilus is a gram-positive rod-shaped bacteria which mostly causes chronic caries lesions. In the process of cavity preparation it is reported that it is not possible to remove all microorganisms and even bacteria can survive even after removal of the necrotic tissue. Efforts to stop the growth of these bacteria are by chemical cavity cleanser using a 5% NaOCl, but this material have disadvantages including irritating periradicular tissue, unpleasant odor, and toxicity. Due to its disadvantages, it is hoped that natural ingredients can be used as alternatives. Cocoa peel extract has active compounds of tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and saponins which have antibacterial ability with a concentration of 6% according to the non-toxic minimum kill concentration of Lactobacillus acidophilus. Purpose: To analyze the difference in antibacterial power between the extract of cocoa bark with a concentration of 6% compared to 5% NaOCl against Lactobacillus acidophilus. Methods: This study was a laboratory experimental in vitro with a post test-only control group design. Using diffusion method against Lactobacillus acidophilus grown in tubes containing BHIB, then cultured in a petridish which contains a nutrient agar and is divided into 2 parts extract cocoa peel extract 6% and NaOCl 5%, then each petridish given a paper disc that has been poured 10μl by each material, then incubated inthe incubator for 2x24 hours at 37oC and observe the diameter of the inhibition zone formed using a caliper. Results: The average diameter of the inhibition zone formed in the 6% cocoa peel extract was 11.8375 mm and NaOCl 5% was 26.0344 mm against Lactobacillus acidophilus. Conclusion: There is a difference in antibacterial power between 6% cocoa peel extract and 5% NaOCl against Lactobacillus acidophilus.
Background. Root canal treatment is a main role in decreasing infection from root canal and pulp. The main cause of periapical damage mostly are bacteries. E.faecalis is a bactery that is found as an etiology of endodontic treatment failure. Cell wall of this bacteria is containing Lipoteichoic acid (LTA). LTA can penetrate into the periradicular tissue, act as endotoxin in host and cause periradicular inflammation and destruction. It occurs due to the capability of IL-1. IL-1 is the proinflammation cytokine that is the key of host response bacteria invation and tissue damage. Also IL-1 could cause some indirectly tissue damage through the activation of MMPS. MMPs to stop the collagen formation. Purpose. The aim of this study is to know about the expression of IL- 1 during the periapical tissue damage due to induction of E.faecalis. Method. This study used laboratory experimental with the post test only control group design. A total of 54 male rats were randomly divided into 2 main groups, which each main group had 3 subgroups. Group A (control) : every tooth was induced only by sterile BHIb. Group A had 3 subgroups (A Control day 3, 10, and 21), group B : every tooth was induced by 10 μl BHI-b E.faecalis ATCC212(106 CFU), it was contained 3 sub groups (B day 3,10, and 21). The animals were sacrificed based on their days scheduled group and prepared for histological examination of tissue damage, then we did the immunohistochemistry followed by calculation on the light microscope. Result. The analysis revealed that the expression of IL-1 increased significantly in group B when E.faecalis was induced. Conclusion. From this study we know that the expression of IL-1 is increasing during the periapical tissue damage that induced by E.faecalis.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.