<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>The accuracy of fertilizer dosage for one-year-old oil palm plants is very important. The objective of the research was to determine the optimum rates of Nitrogen and Phosphorus fertilizers for young oil palm. The experiment was conducted at IPB-Cargill Teaching Farm of Oil Palm at Jonggol, from March 2013-March 2014. This study consisted of two separate experiments namely (1) Optimizing Nitrogen and (2) Optimizing Phosphorus. Both experiments used randomized block design with one factor and three replications. The treatments were five rates of nitrogen or phosphorus (0, 135, 270, 405, 540 g N per plant; 0, 135, 270, 405, 540 g P2O5 per plant). The results showed that nitrogen fertilizer rates increased height linearly at 10 month after treatment (MAT) and quadratically at 12 MAT. Stem girth, frond production and leaf area of 9th frond increased quadratically with N rates (9, 10, 12 MAT). Nitrogen fertilizer quadratically increased leaf chlorophyll content (12 MAT), but did not significantly affected leaf-N content. Phosphorus fertilizer increased palm height linearly (9, 10 MAT) and quadratically (12 MAT). Phosphorus linearly increased stem girth (12 MAT) and quadratically (9, 10 MAT). Frond production was quadratically increased with phosphorus rates (9, 10, 12 MAT). Phosphorus linearly increased leaf area of 9th frond (9 MAT) and quadratically (12 MAT). The optimum rates of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers for one year old plant was 382 g N and 331 g P2O5 per plant, respectively.</p><p>Keywords: inorganic, nutrient, optimum rates, single fertilizer</p>
Cowpea is prospective as a substitute for soybeans, as raw material for tempeh. In this study, low inputs of cowpea production is proposed. This study aimed to determine the effect of manure and nitrogen fertilizer on the growth and production of cowpea. The study was conducted at the Cikabayan Experimental Station, IPB, Bogor, Indonesia, from November 2018 to March 2019, using a split-plot design. As the main plot was goat manure rates consisted of 0, 2.5, and 5 tons ha-1. The subplots consisted of four rates of nitrogen, namely 0, 15, 30, and 45 kg N ha-1. The results showed that the application of manure increased the fresh weight of the leaf, the number of flower bunches, and the number of flowers. The application of N fertilizer increased leaf fresh weight, leaf area index, dry root weight, and shoot/root ratio at five weeks after planting. The combination of organic fertilizer with a dose of 2.5 tons ha-1 combined with 45 kg ha-1 nitrogen fertilizer tends to give better productivity than without fertilizer. Thus, cowpea can be produced using low input of manure and N. Keywords: leaf area index, leaf weight, flower bunches
Penelitian dilaksanakan di perkebunan kelapa sawit Riau selama tiga bulan yang dimulai pada 13 Februari sampai 13 Mei 2012. Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, keterampilan, pengalaman, manajemen produk limbah dari perkebunan kelapa sawit, dan untuk menganalisis limbah produk minyak sawit sebagai pupuk organik. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa penerapan tandan kosong sebagai pupuk organik belum mampu meningkatkan jumlah nutrisi pada daun kelapa sawit dan peningkatan produksi minyak sawit. Aplikasi limbah pabrik kelapa sawit yang mampu meningkatkan jumlah nutrisi pada minyak kelapa daun kelapa sawit terutama nitrogen dan fosfat dan dampak positif untuk meningkatkan produksi perkebunan kelapa sawit terutama pada produktivitas (ton / ha).
<abstract> <p>The use of varieties that are able to adapt well to extreme environments is one strategy to overcome the challenges of decreasing production in sub-optimal land. Indonesian tropical rice varieties (Jatiluhur, IPB 9G, IPB 3S, Hipa 19, Mentik Wangi, Ciherang, Inpari 17, and Mekongga) have been tested and established as water-used-efficient varieties in an optimal environment. However, to date, these varieties have not been examined in the suboptimal area, in particular, drought stress conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the adaptation response of production, morphological, and physiological character of several water-efficient rice varieties under drought stress in the field. The study was designed in a split-plot with two factors and 4 replications, where the first factor (main plot) was drought stress stages i.e. vegetative (Dv), reproductive (Dr), generative (Dg), and control (Dc). The second factor was rice varieties, consisting of eight varieties, i.e., Jatiluhur, IPB 3S, IPB 9G, Hipa 19, Mentik Wangi, Ciherang, Inpari 17, and Mekongga. The experiment was conducted from May to December 2018 in Muneng Kidul Village, Probolinggo Regency, East Java Province. The experimental variables were morphology, production, leaf scrolling score during drought stress, drought sensitivity index, water use efficiency, physiology and root anatomy. The result showed that upland rice varieties were more tolerant to drought stress and had a higher water use efficiency than lowland rice varieties. This shows that Jatiluhur and IPB 9G which are indicated to be adaptive to drought stress, and have the ability to regulate water use more efficiently when drought stress occurs. Therefore, water use efficiency could be used as selection characters under drought conditions in rice particularly tropical upland rice. Moreover, morphological characters, i.e., grain yiled per plot, weight of pithy grain, weight of shoot biomass and weight of roots could be the selection characters to predict drought tolerant tropical rice. According to physiological characters, photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, proline content, malondialdehyde content, leaf water potential and leaf greenness could be used as a selection tool to predict water use efficient genotypes in rice. However, further studies are needed to understand the complex mechanisms of water use efficiency by combining various approaches.</p> </abstract>
The activities was conducted in order to improve knowledge, field experience, and to study tea management aspect which is related to tea pruning. In general internship was to improve students' skills in studying and understanding the real work processes and provide managerial experience in the management of plantation crops. The specific purpose of this internship is to obtain information on the management of pruning Tambi tea plantation unit. Internship activities was conducted at Tambi Plantation, Wonosobo, Central Java from February until June 2015. Direct method was conducted by doing and observing. Indirect method was conducted by collecting management report. Results showed that pruning criteria that plant heigt is < 120 cm and percentage of dormant buds is > 70 %; type of pruning; prunning implementation time is divided into two semesters; rotation prunning implemented 4 -5 years and pruning the number of personnel has met the standards of the Indonesian Plantation Research Institute (PPTK). Prunning machine is more effective than manual prunning assessed from time management. ABSTRAKKegiatan dilaksanakan untuk memperluas pengetahuan, pengalaman teknis dan manajerial tanaman teh serta mempelajari aspek pemangkasan. Secara umum kegiatan magang ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan mahasiswa dalam mempelajari dan memahami proses kerja secara nyata dan memberikan pengalaman manajerial pada pengelolaan tanaman perkebunan. Adapun tujuan khusus dari magang ini adalah untuk memperoleh informasi mengenai pengelolaan pemangkasan tanaman teh di Unit Perkebunan Tambi. Kegiatan magang dilaksanakan di Perkebunan Tambi, Wonosobo, Jawa Tengah pada bulan Februari sampai Juni 2015. Metode langsung dilakukan secara aktif mengikuti dan mengamati kegiatan teknis. Metode tidak langsung dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan laporan manajemen. Hasil magang menunjukan bahwa kriteria pangkasan yaitu tinggi tanaman < 120 cm dan persentase pucuk burung > 70%; jenis pangkasan, waktu pelaksanaan pemangkasan dibagi menjadi dua semester; gilir pangkas yang dilaksanakan 4 -5 tahun dan jumlah tenaga pemangkas telah memenuhi standar Lembaga Riset Perkebunan Indonesia (PPTK). Pemangkasan mesin lebih efektif daripada pemangkasan manual dinilai dari manajemen waktu.Kata kunci : pemangkasan, pemangkasan mesin, unit perkebunan tambi, teh Bul agrohorti 5 (1) : 98 -106 (2017) Pengolahan Pemangkasan Tanaman . . . 99
Penelitian dilaksanakan untuk mempelajari dan mengidentifikasi manajemen penyadapan tanaman karet. Kegiatan magang dilaksanakan di Perkebunan Karet Simalungun, Sumatera Utara pada tanggal 10 Februari hingga 9 Juni 2014. Manajemen penyadapan ditujukan untuk menjaga kontinuitas dan meningkatan produksi karet alam sesuai dengan umur ekonomis tanaman. Persentase populasi tanaman siap sadap rata-rata per-hanca di PT BSRE pada tahun tanam 2005 dan 2009 adalah 96.82%. Konsumsi kulit sadapan antara penyadap kelas A dan kelas B pada sistem sadap tarik ½ S d/3 dan sadap sorong ¼ S d/3 tidak berbeda nyata dan belum sesuai dengan standar penyadapan perusahaan. Faktor pendidikan dan pengalaman kerja penyadap mempengaruhi produksi cuplump pada sistem sadap tarik ½ S d/3, sedangkan faktor usia tidak mempengaruhi. Faktor pendidikan, usia, dan pengalaman kerja penyadap tidak mempengaruhi produksi cuplump pada sistem sadap sorong ¼ S d/3. Manajemen bidang sadap dan penggunaan zat stimulansia di perkebunan karet ini bersifat spesifik klon. Penyakit kering alur sadap (KAS) klon seri PB nyata lebih tinggi pada tahun tanam 2005 dibandingkan pada tahun tanam 2009, sedangkan penyakit KAS pada klon PB 330 dan DMI 35 tidak berbeda nyata pada tahun tanam sama.
Penelitian ini dilakukan di perkebunan kelapa sawit Angsana Estate, Kalimantan Selatan dari bulan Februari sampai Juni 2011. Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, keterampilan, pengalaman pengelolaan produk limbah perkebunan kelapa sawit. Serta untuk menganalisa produk limbah kelapa sawit sebagai pupuk organik. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pengaplikasian tandan buah kosong (BAPB) sebagai pupuk organik dapat meningkatkan jumlah hara pada daun kelapa sawit khususnya produktivitas Kalium dan minyak kelapa sawit. Aplikasi limbah pabrik kelapa sawit (POME) sebagai pupuk organik dapat meningkatkan jumlah tandan / hektar / tahun, dan meningkatkan kesuburan tanah, namun tidak meningkatkan jumlah hara pada daun kelapa sawit.
Pada saat ini lahan semakin terbatas untuk ekstensifikasi dalam perluasan lahan perkebunan kelapa sawit, oleh karena itu perlu adanya peningkatkan produktivitas melalui peningkatkan efektivitas dan efesiensi penggunaan pupuk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari respon pertumbuhan vegetatif dan produksi terhadap pupuk N dan P, serta menentukan dosis optimal pupuk N dan P pada kelapa sawit umur tiga tahun. Penelitian dilaksanakan di blok I, Kebun Pendidikan dan Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Jonggol IPB-Cargill, Kecamatan Jonggol, Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian ini terdiri atas dua percobaan terpisah yaitu peran pupuk nitrogen dan peran pupuk fosfor . Rancangan percobaan menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) satu faktor yaitu dosis pemupukan. Pupuk nitrogen meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, panjang pelepah, lingkar batang, dan luas daun secara quadratik. Dosis optimum pupuk N pada tanaman kelapa sawit umur tiga tahun adalah 572 g N tanaman-1 semester-1. Pupuk fosfor meningkatkan panjang pelepah, lingkar batang, dan kadar unsur hara P pada daun ke-17 secara quadratik. Dosis optimum pupuk P pada tanaman kelapa sawit umur tiga tahun adalah 464 g P2O5 tanaman-1 semester-1.
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